Bayani da siffofin dabbar dabbar
Dabbar skunk yana cikin ajin dabbobi masu shayarwa. Ba zai iya hawa bishiyoyi ba. Waɗannan dabbobi suna motsawa kawai a ƙasa. Skunk ya bambanta ta yanayin motsi.
Don yin wani abu na alama, yana buƙatar jikan baya, ya ɗauki jelarsa a gefe ya yi ɗan gajeren tsalle. Mai kafa hudu, saboda haka, yana motsa tsalle.
Masana sun kasu skunks gida hudu:
— Taguwar dabba... Nauyinsa shine kilogiram 1.2-5.3.
— Tsuntsun dabba... Wannan nau'in dwarf ne. Nauyin babban mutum ya kai kilogiram 0.2-1.
— Skunk na alade... Mafi girman skunks. Nauyin ya kai kilogiram 4,5.
— Skunk mai ƙamshi.
Sandare sananne ne saboda rashin daɗin ji, ƙanshi mai daɗi. Abinda yara suka fara yi "fu skunk". Smellanshinta ya wuce gona da iri a cikin majigin yara. Tushen wannan warin yana ƙarƙashin wutsiyarsa. Gland na musamman na samar da wani ruwa wanda yake da wari mai karfi.
Wannan wata hanya ce ta kariya ta kariya daga masu farauta. Lokacin da fuskantar haɗari, dabba ta juya baya ga abokan gaba, ta ɗaga jelarsa ta fesa wani ƙamshi mai ɗoyi. Jirgin ruwa ya buga mita 1-6. Anshin yana da naci sosai saboda abin da aka jiƙa a ciki yana fuskantar cikakkiyar bayyanar da mayukan wanki.
Dabbar skunk zai iya fitar da feshi na musamman. An dawo da kariyarta cikin kwanaki 10. Duk wannan lokacin bashi da kariya. Dabbar da dabbar skunk ta shafa ba zata ƙara kusantar ta ba, kuma launinta mai haske zai taimaka maka tunatar da haɗarin.
Skunk fur da yawa yaba. Amma ƙanshin ulu shine babban dalilin da ba safai ake samun sa a kasuwa ba. Launin waɗannan masu farautar yana da haske. A bangon fata, ratsi biyu masu fari a gefuna ko tabo. Da kuma wani farin yadi a bakin bakin tsakanin idanu.
Wutsiyar bushiya ce kuma doguwa ce mai ratsin fari da baƙi. Tsawonsa yakai 17.3-30.7 cm. Jikin dabbar skunk yana da ƙarfi. Paws gajere ne, amma tare da manyan kusoshi. Maza sun fi mata girma fiye da 10%. A waje, dabbar tana da kyau sosai, saboda haka akwai mutane da yawa a gida dabbar skunk.
Mazaunin dabbar skunk
Tsuntsaye suna zama galibi akan shimfidar fuska. Dabbar ta fi son kada ta motsa sama da mita uku daga tushen ruwa. Asalin mahaifarsa Amurka ce da Kudancin Kanada.
Dabbar dabbar ba a samu a Alaska da Hawaii ba. Dabba mai shayarwa ta yadu a kasashe kamar Mexico, Nicaragua da El Salvador, Argentina, Guatemala da Costa Rica, Bolivia, Paraguay, Peru da Belize, Chile.
Dabbar tana da wurin zama wanda bai fi mita 1800 sama da matakin teku ba. Wasu nau'ikan suna hawa zuwa mita 4000. Skunk yana zaune a cikin dazuzzuka ko makiyaya, kusa da mazaunin ɗan adam.
Shuke-shuke, gangaren dutse da gefuna kusa da rafuka sune wuraren da waɗannan dabbobi suka fi so. A cikin hunturu, dabba hibernates. Kafin haka, suna shirya gidansu ta hanyar tattara busassun ganyaye da ciyawa.
Wurin da za a yi bacci ya kamata ya zama bushe kuma ba zai yiwu ga wasu ba. A watan Disamba, tare da farkon yanayin sanyi, kifin Whale ya yi bacci. Sau da yawa ana zaban burrow da skunk wanda wani ya riga ya haƙa. Burkin dawakai ko ɓoye a cikin kututturen busassun na iya zama da kyau ga gida. Mata suna kwana tare da ɗiya, maza kuma daban. Unguwanni basa yarda. Dabbobin sun farka a ƙarshen Maris.
A cikin Italiya, Jamus, Burtaniya, Netherlands da USA, ana ajiye whale a matsayin dabbobin gida. Amma a wasu jihohin gida dabbar skunk da wuya sosai. Doka ta kare wadannan dabbobi masu shayarwa daga fataucin marasa izini. Inda aka halatta, ana iya siyen dabbar skunk daga matsugunnin dabbobi ko gonakin furfura inda ake cire glandon ƙanshi.
Kula da irin wannan dabba yana da sauƙi. Dabbar skunk a Rasha yayi tsada sosai saboda babu wuraren nurseries na kansu. An kawo su daga Amurka. Amma sha'awar samun su a gida yana yaduwa a Asiya. Kuna iya tsammanin cewa a nan gaba wani zai yi alkawarin haifar da su don sayarwa. Hoton dabbar kuma masu su sunyi magana game da cikakken haɗin waɗannan dabbobin a gida.
Sake haifuwa da tsawon rai
Lokacin saduwa ya faɗi a cikin faɗuwa. A cikin maza, maniyyi ya bayyana a watan Maris, ana iya ganin wannan a cikin ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta. A watan Satumba, suna ƙaruwa zuwa mafi girman girman su. Skunk ya shirya don yin aure. Yawan maniyyi ya tsaya a watan Oktoba.
A mata, balaga na faruwa shekara 1 bayan haihuwa. Techka ya bayyana a watan Satumba, amma ana shigar da maza ga kansu a farkon Oktoba. Saura auren mata da yawa sun haɗu da mata da yawa. Basu da wani bangare wajen kula da yaran.
Tsawon lokacin ciki shine kwanaki 28-31. A cikin wadannan dabbobi masu shayarwa, idan ya zama dole, za a iya samun jinkiri a manne amfrayo zuwa bangon mahaifa. Wannan abin ana kiransa amfrayoic diapause. A irin wannan yanayi, ciki na fadada zuwa kwanaki 63.
Daga yara 3 zuwa 10 sun bayyana a cikin zuriyar dabbobi. Mafi yawan lokuta mutane 5-6 ne. Sananan skunks sun bayyana a cikin Maris ko Mayu. Yaran da aka haifa suna da nauyin 22.5 g.An haife su da kurma da makafi. A cikin jarirai, fatar tana kama da velor mai laushi. Launi iri daya ne da na manyan dodo.
Bayan makonni biyu, yaran sun gani sosai, kuma a makonni 4 zasu iya ɗaukar hoto don kare kai. Zasu iya harba wani ruwa mai wari tsawon kwanaki 40-46. Mace tana ciyar da ɗiyanta makonni 6-7. Suna fara ciyarwa da kansu bayan watanni 2. Lokacin hunturu na farko, dangi suna tare, dabbobin da ke gaba suna neman wurin shakatawa da kansu.
Skunk yana zaune a cikin bauta har zuwa shekaru 10, amma a yanayi wannan adadi ya ragu sosai. Kimanin shekara 3 kawai. Wannan banbancin ya faru ne saboda yawan mace-macen. Babban dalilan sune cututtuka, manyan hanyoyi da masu farauta. Owls, beyar, dawakai, coyotes, badgers da cougars suna farautar su. Kusan kashi 90% na matasa ba za su iya rayuwa a lokacin hunturu na farko ba.
Abinci
Skunk bai san yadda za a kama da sauri ko manyan ganima ba, saboda wannan ba shi da damar da ake buƙata. Saboda haka, abincin sa ya hada da kananan beraye, kadangaru, kwadi. Idan hakan ta faru, zai iya kai hari ga zomayen marasa taimako.
Hakanan yana ciyarwa akan gawa. Abincin mai shayarwa ya banbanta. A lokacin rani, zai iya cin abinci a kan 'ya'yan itatuwa da' ya'yan itacen daji, da iri da ciyawa. Abincin ya dogara da yanayi. A lokacin hunturu, ta dabbobi, kuma tare da farawar dumi ta ciyayi.
Asali, mai farauta yana farauta da dare. Idanunsa ba su da ƙarfi da rana, don haka da dare yana amfani da jinsa da ƙanshinsa. Tare da hanci da ƙafafu, dabbar skunk ta tono ƙasa don neman kwari. Yana juyar da haushi da duwatsu don neman ƙadangare.
Don ƙananan beraye, dabbar skunk ta miƙa, jira, sannan kuma ta yi tsalle, tana kama ganima da haƙoranta da haƙoranta. Makamantan dabaru don farautar ciyawar ciyawa da ƙwaro. Sai kawai a wannan yanayin yana danna kwarin a ƙasa tare da ƙafafunsa.
Wasu dabbobin suna birgima a ƙasa domin cirewa, alal misali, fata mai guba ta ɗanɗano ko cire ƙaya mai ƙyalli daga kwari. Don guje wa kamun dabbar, ya ci shi nan take. A cikin najasa, yakan rikide kwaroron magani lokaci-lokaci. Wadannan dabbobi masu shayarwa suna matukar son zuma. Amma idan suka ci karo da amya, za ta cinye komai da shanya, da ƙudan zuma da zuma.
Cizon kudan zuma ba shi da zafi a gare shi, kuma gashi mai kauri, mara nauyi yana kiyaye shi daga cizon. Matsayi mai rauni shine kawai ƙuƙumi. Qwai ma magani ne. Don karya shi, dabbar skun ta jefa su a ƙarƙashin kanta, da fatan ƙwai zai yi tuntuɓe a kan wani abu mai ƙarfi kuma ya karye. A gida ciyar da dabbar skunk kamar yadda ake buƙata a matsayin kare.
Yana buƙatar irin wannan abincin: ba yaji, ba gishiri, ba mai daɗi, ba mai mai. Kuna iya ba duk kayan lambu da 'ya'yan itace; menu ɗin su ya zama aƙalla 50%. Daga sunadarai, ba dafaffun kifi ko kaza. Kwai, shinkafa, gero da sauran hatsi a cikin abincin ya zama koyaushe. Kamar dukkan dabbobi skunks ci kayayyakin halitta ne kawai.
Masu kiyayewa sune guba a gare su. A cikin aikin noma, sune, suna kawo fa'ida mai yawa, cin naman beraye da ƙwari waɗanda ke cutar amfanin gona. Da wuya waɗannan dabbobi masu shayarwa su ci karas ko gwoza daga gonar.
