A yau akwai adadin awaki masu yawa. Daga cikin su akwai nau'ikan nau'ikan da ba na zamani ba. Wadannan sun hada da damask akuya... Abu ne mai matukar wuya, amma ɗayan ɗayan manoma ne da aka fi so. A cikin yawancin hanyoyin adabi, ana samunta da sunan Shami. Ana wakiltar wakilan wannan nau'in don samun ulu, nama, madara, fata, da dai sauransu. Hakanan sau da yawa masu shayarwa suna amfani da su don kiwo sabbin kiwo.
Asalin jinsin da bayanin
Photo: Dimashƙiyar akuya
Asalin asalin ƙasar wannan nau'in ana ɗaukarta Siriya. Masana ilmin namun daji sun lura cewa koda a zamanin da, ana yawan ambaton akuya a rubuce rubuce na tarihi, wanda aka banbanta shi da takamaiman yanayin salo da kuma yawan yawan kayan aiki.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa: Masana kimiyyar dabbobi suna daukar kyakkyawan yanayi a cikin ƙuruciya a matsayin takamaiman fasalin nau'in. Goatsananan awaki suna da ƙaramin kai da dogon, kunnuwa rataye. Tare da shekaru, girman kai da surarsa suna ɗaukar wani abin tsoro kuma suna iya tsoratar da ma baligi.
Wannan nau'in ya sami mafi girman shahara bayan shiga cikin gasa mai kyau wacce ta gudana a cikin 2008. Wakilan wannan nau'in sun fantsama kuma sun tayar da sha'awa tsakanin manoma. Sakamakon gasar, awakin Shami ne suka sami damar karbar taken "Mafi kyawun akuya". An gudanar da gasar ne a kasar Saudiyya, inda manoma daga kusan duk duniya suka halarta.
Zuwa yau, kusan mawuyacin abu ne a gano lokacin da wakilan farko na wannan nau'in suka bayyana, tunda masanan dabbobi suna da wahalar ambaton ranar da aka fara ambaton bayanan akuya ta farko a wuraren adabi. Duk da wannan, yana yiwuwa a ce wannan akuyar ta bayyana a yankin ƙasashen gabas. A cikin waɗannan ƙasashe ne aka ɗauki bunƙasar Dimashƙu ta dabba mai alfarma kuma mai kusanci. Sau da yawa ana iya samun ta a matsayin jaruma mai tatsuniyoyin addini.
Mafi yawan wakilan wannan nau'in sune a Siriya da Lebanon. Masana ilmin namun daji sun ce a cikin ƙasashen Gabas ta dā, kiwon awakin wannan nau'in ya shahara kamar kiwon dawakin Larabawa.
Bayyanar abubuwa da fasali
Hoto: Yaya bunsurun Dimashƙu yake
Awakin wannan nau'in suna da girman girman, amma suna da kyakkyawa. A cikin dabbobi, ana bayyana dimorphism na jima'i. Mazaje maza kan iya girma kusan sau daya zuwa mita, mata ba su wuce santimita 80-85 ba. Matsakaicin nauyin jikin manya na iya kaiwa kilogiram 100-120, mata ba su wuce 90 ba.
Mafi halayen halayen nau'in:
- babba, mai girma da karfi sosai;
- an haɓaka murfin muscular;
- santsi, madaidaiciya layin baya;
- ciki mai laushi, mai tsabta;
- dogaye, masu ƙarfi, kafafu masu ɗaukaka;
- manyan idanu, zagaye kuma masu bayyana sosai, galibi haske ne a launi;
- ja da baya, ba doguwar wuya ba;
- dogaye, kunnuwa uku-uku.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa: Awaki na wannan nau'in nau'in sune kawai daga duk nau'ikan da ke akwai, waɗanda suke da kunnuwa na wannan tsayin.
Mafi sau da yawa, mutane na wannan nau'in suna da ƙananan ƙaho. Wani muhimmin fasalin da ke tattare da wadannan dabbobi shine fata mai dimau kuma mai matukar daurewa tare da gashi mai kauri wanda ke rufe dukkan jikin dabbar. Dalilin haka ne ya sa a zamanin da, mutane da yawa ke yin kiwon awaki don samun fata masu inganci. Ofaya daga cikin mahimman ƙididdigar asali shine kasancewar ɗanɗano a yankin hanci na kai.
Ina akuyar damask take rayuwa?
Photo: Dimashƙu akuya shami
Dabbar tana rayuwa ne kawai a gida. Ya kamata a lura cewa yana da matukar wahala a sami tsarkakakkun wakilai na wannan nau'in. Suna daga cikin awaki mafiya tsada a duniya. Dabbobi ba su da izinin yanayin tsarewa. Suna da son 'yanci, sabili da haka a lokacin dumi ya fi kyau a ajiye su kan kiwo kyauta, idan akwai irin wannan damar.
Don kiyaye dabbobi yayin yanayin sanyi, ya zama dole a shirya musu gida a gaba. Yankinsa ya dogara da yawan kawunan. Dakin ya zama yalwatacce, ba tare da zane da damshi ba. Yankin mafi kyau a kowace dabba ya kai murabba'in mita 5-8. Ana daukar dabbobi a matsayin masu saurin isa kuma basa jure yanayin sanyi da kyau, wanda kan haifar da mummunar cuta. Zai fi kyau idan an raba cikin ɗakin ta ɓangarori daban don kowace dabba.
Wani mahimmin ma'auni shine isasshen adadin haske. Dogon lokacin hasken awaki ya zama a kalla awanni 9-10 a kowace rana. Yanayin zafin cikin dakin da ake ajiye dabbobin ba shi da wata wahala. Zai zama mafi kyau idan bai wuce digiri 24-25 ba kuma ƙasa da 17-18. Mafi yawan adadin awakin wannan nau'in sun fi mayar da hankali ne a kasashen gabashin - Syria, Lebanon, da sauransu.
Me akuyar Dimashka take ci?
Photo: Dimashƙiyar akuya
Awakin Dimashƙu ba su da ma'ana sosai kuma ba sa buƙata kan yanayin abinci. Koyaya, inganci da yawa na tushen abincin yana shafar ingancin madara da kayan mai mai. Idan bunsuru ya sami wadataccen abinci kuma ya sami daidaitaccen abinci, kayan mai da ke cikin madara na iya kaiwa kashi 4.7%.
Abin da zai iya zama tushen abinci ga dabba:
- ciyawa;
- silage;
- nikakken hatsi;
- Yankakken wake
- kayan lambu;
- sabo ne;
- koren ciyawa mai laushi;
- ciyar da reshe.
Lokacin tattara abinci, yana da mahimmanci a fahimci cewa abincin ya kamata ya bambanta a lokutan dumi da sanyi. A lokacin rani, tushen abincin shine ciyawar ciyawa, wacce awaki zasu iya kiwo akan kiwo kyauta. A lokacin sanyi, hay zai samar da tushen abincin. Akwai jerin ganyaye da nau'in ciyayi da aka hana wa awakin Dimashƙ.
Haramtattun nau'ikan ciyayi:
- kore dankalin turawa;
- lalacewa, rubabbun 'ya'yan itatuwa da kayan marmari;
- Red albasa
A lokacin bazara, awaki da kansu suke tsara yawan abincin da za su ci, tunda kusan kusan duk rana suna kiwo. A wannan lokacin, yana da kyau a ba da ciyawa da aka yankakke ko ƙaramin abu da daddare a dare.
A lokacin sanyi, ya zama dole don samar da isasshen adadin ingancin hay. Sau biyu a rana, ana ƙara ɗan abin birgewa a abincin babban mutum wanda bai wuce gram 300 ba. Ya kamata cin abinci ɗaya ya ƙunshi hatsi da kayan lambu da aka toho. Hakanan a wannan lokacin na shekara, ya zama dole a ƙara cakuda bitamin da ma'adinai cikin abinci. A kowane lokaci na shekara, dole ne a kula da samun ruwa mai tsafta.
Fasali na ɗabi'a da salon rayuwa
Photo: Dimashƙu irin na shami awaki
A waje, awakin Dimashƙu suna da ban tsoro har ma da ban tsoro, amma a dabi'ance an basu kyawawan halaye da nutsuwa. Wannan nau'in awakin yana jin dadin zama cikin garken shanu. Dabbobi ba sa bukatar komai kuma ba sa nuna halaye na tsarewa. Tare da kyakkyawan kulawa da isasshen abinci mai gina jiki, dabbobi da gaske suna haɗuwa da mai su, kuma shi, bi da bi, ya lura da gunaguni da haƙurin dabbobi.
Awaki suna son yanci da sarari sosai. Suna buƙatar kiwo kyauta, musamman a lokacin dumi. Hakanan suna buƙatar isasshen sarari a cikin alkalamomi. Zai fi kyau a raba dakin kashi-kashi dangane da yawan kawunan. Baƙon abu ne ga dabbobi nuna zalunci ga danginsu ko wasu dabbobin, don haka suna samun salama sosai da wasu nau'in dabbobi. Wani lokacin awaki suna da sha'awa.
Dabbobin suna da tsabta sosai, don haka ba su da ƙanshin mara daɗi wanda yake cikin wasu nau'in awaki. Maigidan, bi da bi, dole ne ya kula da tsabtar riga da kofato. Dabbobi suna da kyakkyawar wayewar mahaifiya, saboda godiyarsu iyayen kwarai ne. Awakin Shami suna dacewa da sabon yanayin rayuwa kuma suna jin daɗi a cikin yanayin yanayi da dama.
Tsarin zamantakewa da haifuwa
Photo: Dimashƙun akuyoyi
Awakin Dimashƙu iri ne na dabbobi. A cikin kashi kaɗan, matakin haihuwa ya kai 250%. Yaran da aka haifa suna samun ƙarfi kuma suna samun ƙarfi da sauri. Wasu jariran suna iya ƙara zuwa 300-400 gram a kowace rana.
Awaki sun isa balaga da wuri. Mata suna shirye don kiwo tun suna da watanni 8, maza bayan wata daya da rabi. An bayyana yawancin yawan haihuwa ta ikon kiyaye ikon haifuwa har zuwa shekaru 9-10. Bugu da kari, tuni watanni biyu bayan rago, mace ta sake shirye-shiryen aure kuma ta haifi zuriya.
Mace guda ɗaya tana iya haihuwar yara har zuwa uku ko huɗu. Suna tare da mahaifiyarsu na onlyan kwanaki kawai. Bayan haka, ana kwashe su kuma ana ciyar dasu ta hanyar wucin gadi. An rarraba mace mace kuma ta karɓi lita 5-7 na madara a kowace rana. Awaki da rikodin rikodin madara suna iya samar da lita 8-9 na madara a kowace rana.
Tsarkakakku, yara masu lafiya za a iya haifuwa ne kawai idan an kiyaye yanayin kiyayewa:
- don saduwa yana da kyau a zabi samari, masu karfi, dabbobi masu tsabta;
- maza, waɗanda ake amfani da su don saduwa da samar da offspringa healthya masu lafiya, ana hayayyafa da mata har sai sun kai shekaru biyu zuwa uku;
- daidaitacce, mai gina jiki, wadatar da bitamin da ma'adinai ciyarwa ga mace mai ciki;
- bisa dabi'a, awakin Dimashƙu suna da kyakkyawar wayewar mahaifiya.
Abokan gaba na awakin Dimashƙ
Hoto: Yaya bunsurun Dimashƙu yake
Saboda gaskiyar cewa dabbobi sun wanzu ne kawai a gida, ba su da abokan gaba na zahiri. Koyaya, wannan nau'in yana da saukin kamuwa da cututtuka daban-daban tare da kulawa mara kyau.
Waɗanne cututtuka ne na al'ada ga dabbobi:
- parasites. Kamar kowace dabba, awaki na iya zama dako na cututtukan da ke haifar da ci gaban cututtuka daban-daban kuma adadi mai yawa na iya haifar da mutuwar dabbar. Don hana kamuwa da cuta, ya zama dole a ba da magungunan antihelminthic da manufar rigakafin;
- awaki na iya kamuwa da cututtukan hanji. Don gujewa wannan, ya zama dole a tabbatar da samun tsaftataccen ruwa mai tsafta da hana akuya sha daga madatsun ruwa tare da tsayayyen ruwa;
- kumburi da hooves da wata gabar jiki. Don hana dabbobi yin rashin lafiya, yana da kyau a kula da tsaftace kofato da ɗakunan da dabbar take. Lokaci-lokaci kana buƙatar tsaftace rumfa tare da kashe ƙwayoyin cuta;
- mastitis. Wannan cutar tana shafar daidaikun mata. Rigakafin yana buƙatar kulawa da nono kafin da bayan kowace shayarwa;
- tare da karancin bitamin da kuma ma'adanai, dabbobi na fama da karancin bitamin. Suna buƙatar ƙara ƙwayoyin bitamin da ma'adinai a cikin abincin su.
Yawan jama'a da matsayin jinsin
Photo: Dimashƙiyar akuya
Har zuwa yau, adadin awakin Dimashƙ ba ya haifar da tsoro ko barazanar ƙarewa. Koyaya, ƙwararrun masu kiwon dabbobi ne kawai waɗanda suka fahimci abubuwa da yawa game da wannan kasuwancin ke tsunduma cikin kiwon awaki na tsarkakakkun Shahi. Kudin wakilan wannan nau'in yayi tsada sosai. A cikin kasashen Kusa da Gabas, ana amfani da waɗannan dabbobi sosai azaman dabbobin gida. An halicce su don samar da fata mai kyau, zaren, madara da nama. Kusan dukkan kayayyakin kiwo da ake iya samu ana samar dasu ne daga madarar wannan nau'in awakin.
A gonakin gona da yawa, ana kiwata awaki ne domin cin ribar cinikin awakin. Ana samun awakin Damascus a matsayin dabbobi a sassa daban-daban na duniya. Saboda kasancewar yawan amfaninsu ya yi yawa, kuma ba su da larura ga yanayin tsarewa, kuma an bambance su da nutsuwa da dabi'a, manoma daga ko'ina cikin duniya suke saye da su. Awaki a sauƙaƙe yana canzawa zuwa yanayin canjin yanayi. Bugu da kari, mata suna da haihuwa sosai kuma suna haihuwa tun daga watanninsu tara.
Dimashƙiyar akuya yana da takamaiman takamaiman bayyanar mara daidaituwa. Koyaya, yanayin tsoratarwa yana ɓoye gunaguni, kirki da ƙarancin aiki.
Ranar bugawa: 12/25/2019
Ranar sabuntawa: 09/11/2019 da 22:22
