Vobla

Vobla - dangi na kusa da roach. A waje, suna da matukar wahalar bambancewa. Wajibi ne a san ainihin mahimman fasali na nau'ikan. In ba haka ba, ba zai yiwu a gano ba. Vobla shine ɗayan sanannun kifi tsakanin masunta (duka mai sonsu da ƙwarewa). Saboda gaskiyar cewa wannan sanannen abin kamun kifin an kama shi sosai a cikin 'yan shekarun nan, lambar tana raguwa cikin sauri.

Asalin jinsin da bayanin

Hotuna: Vobla

Vobla na cikin dangin Karpov, mai haske. A waje, kifi yayi kama da roach. A cewar wasu rahotanni, wani lokacin ma ana kiransa da roach, kawai a rarrabe shi azaman nau'in jinsin. A zahiri, jinsi ne mai zaman kansa, wanda ke da mahimman fasali masu mahimmanci waɗanda ke ba da damar gano vobla.

Vobla ta sami sunan ta a cikin Rasha saboda yanayin zagaye. Af, a waccan zamanin, mutane da yawa suna kiranta a cikin talakawa "rabid". Dalilin yana cikin halayenta na aiki sosai. Lokacin da maza da mata na vobl ke ɗoki da zuriya a bakin kogi, ba shi yiwuwa a ci gaba da kasancewa tare da su. Saboda haka, halayensu ba kamar sauran kifaye yake ba - suna da aiki ƙwarai da gaske don kutsawa cikin wasu makarantun kifi zuwa burinsu.

Bidiyo: Vobla

Tsawon babban vobla ya kai kimanin 30 cm, kuma nauyinsa ya kai kilogiram 0.2. Akwai kuma manyan mutane. Babban fasalin roach shine finfin wutsiya mai siffa V da kuma sikeli mai launin ja.

Yanzu a cikin Tekun Caspian, al'ada ce ta rarrabe manyan garken garken 3:

• Turkmen;
• Arewacin Caspian;
• Azerbaijani.

Wadannan kifin ba su da wani bambance-bambancen waje na musamman tsakanin su. Abinda kawai ya banbanta su shine mazauninsu (a cikin teku da kuma dangane da kogunan da suke shiga).

Gabaɗaya, vobla yana rayuwa kusan shekaru 10. a wannan lokacin, yana zuwa ɓarna sau 5-6. Kowace lokacin da take yin ƙananan ƙwai har dubu 30. Bayan haka, jikin kifin yana da siriri har ya zama siriri sau biyu kamar kan.

Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa: Frederick Mai Girma shine farkon wanda ya yaba da roach a matsayin abun shan giya. Tun daga wannan lokacin, roach yana ɗauka mai kyau a cikin wannan lamarin kuma ya zama ainihin alama ce ta giyar burodi.

Bayyanar abubuwa da fasali

Photo: Yaya roach yake

Tunda yawanci roach da roach suna rikicewa, yakamata mutum ya bayyana muhimmin banbancin su nan da nan: rochin yafi girma. Tsawon babban mutum shine 30-40 cm, kuma nauyin yana da 0.6-0.7 kg, kodayake wasu na iya kaiwa 1 kg. Jikin kifin ya yi sulhu, amma bangarorin sun kasance fitattu. Karamin ganga yana bayyane a bayyane na bayan roken, amma bayan roach ɗin gaba ɗaya shimfide yake. Sikeli ƙananan ne kuma suna da matse jiki sosai.

A saman, launi na Sikeli yana da duhu sosai, yana tuna da baƙi. Amma zuwa ƙasa, a hankali yana fara ba da ƙarancin azurfa. Kan vobla karami ne, bakin kuma ya yi kasa. Iris na idanun vobla silvery ne ko lemu. Ana lura da ɗigon baƙin da ke bayyane a sama da ɗalibin.

Duk ƙwanƙolin vobla suna da girma, ana iya rarrabe su da kyau. Fushin caudal yana da siffa ta V, ya kasu kashi biyu daidai. Ba kamar sauran kifi irin wannan ba, da alama finfin vobla ya dan juya.

Duk ƙwanƙolin vobla suna da ɗan ja kaɗan da duhun duhu tare da gefen. Girman finafinai ya fi tsayi. Duk wannan yana rarrabe vobla daga roach, wanda dashi ake yawan rikicewa dashi. Idan kun san duk dabarun, to a saukake zaku iya rarrabe vobla. Wato, kodayake dangi ne na kusanci na roach, ba zai yi wahala a rarrabe su da juna ba, san ƙananan dokoki masu sauƙi.

Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa: Babban vobla da aka ɗauka yana da nauyin gram 850.

A ina vobla ke rayuwa?

Hotuna: Vobla a cikin ruwa

Vobla kogi ne da teku. Dogaro da nau'in, mazaunin kifin kuma zai bambanta. Hakanan ya bambanta dangane da yanayi. Vobla na teku, lokacin da ya tashi daskarewa, yakan taru kusa da gabar tekun Caspian. Af, ana kuma kiransa Semi-madaidaiciya.

Kogin (mazauni) yana zaune wuri ɗaya koyaushe. Amma idan ya tashi daga haihuwa, sai ya shiga zurfin ciki, inda ya zama an rufe shi da laka, wanda ke amintaka daga cutar sanyi. Ruwan teku yana da sauƙin rarrabewa - ya fi kogi ɗaya girma, kuma ya kai 40 cm (kuma 1 kg).

Zuwa ƙarshen watan Fabrairu, vobla na teku suna fara tattarawa cikin manyan garken dabbobi kuma a hankali suna yin ƙaura zuwa bakin kogin, wanda yake kusa da mazauninsu. Alamar farkon ƙaura ita ce ɗumamar ruwa zuwa fiye da digiri 8 a ma'aunin Celsius.

Don kwan ƙwai, vobla ya zaɓi wuri mai girma da yawa. Wannan na iya zama reeds ko wani tsiro. A lokacin rani, vobla yana fara shirye-shiryen himma don lokacin sanyi mai zuwa, yana ƙaruwa da ƙiba. A matsayinka na mai mulki, a wannan lokacin tana nitsewa zuwa zurfin da bai wuce mita 5 ba.

Vobla ya fi son lokacin hunturu kusa da bakin teku yadda ya yiwu. Don wannan, kifin ya zaɓi rami mai zurfi, waɗanda aka ba da tabbacin ba za su daskare ba har ma a cikin tsananin sanyi. A can vobla tana lulluɓe da laka mai kauri da kauri, wanda ke amintar da shi kariya daga hypothermia. A can ta kwashe tsawon lokacin hunturu, kasancewar tana cikin yanayi tsakanin bacci da farkawa. A lokaci guda, kifin baya cin komai a duk lokacin hunturu.

Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa: Kimanin shekaru 30 da suka gabata (a ƙarshen shekarun 80s) ƙirar vobla ta auna kimanin giram 180, kuma yanzu wannan adadi ya ragu zuwa gram 140.

Yanzu kun san inda aka samo kifin vobla. Bari muga me zata ci.

Menene vobla ke ci?

Hotuna: Kifin vobla

Yankin arewacin Tekun Caspian wuri ne mai kyau don roach. Baya ga zurfin zurfin ma, akwai wadataccen abinci don roach. Vobla tana ciyar da abinci iri-iri. Kifi ne mai cin dabba wanda shima yake cin abincin da ba ya motsi sosai.

Tsutsotsi, crustaceans da molluscs sune abincin vobla da aka fi so. Irin wannan abinci ne da ke taimakawa cikin saurin girma, tare da ƙaruwar yawan kitsen jiki. Don haka, wadataccen abinci don roach yafi fin so a jajibirin yanayin sanyi.

Amma wani lokacin kuma tana iya zama akan abincin tsire-tsire. Idan yanayin rayuwa ya zama tilas, yana iya ciyar da algae sosai don kula da rayuwa. A matsakaici, ana iya rarrabe abubuwa 40 daban-daban a cikin abincin vobla.

Idan yanayi ya kasance mai tsauri musamman, to a cikin mawuyacin yanayi yana iya ciyar da soyayyen sauran kifin, amma a yanayi wannan ba safai ake samun sa ba. A cikin koguna, matasa roach musamman suna gasa don abinci tare da jariran bream da irin kifi, kamar yadda suma suka fi son cyclops, daphnia, rotifers.

A cewar da yawa, vobla kifi ne mai cin komai. Abincin da gaske ya haɗa da samfuran daban daban, amma idan akwai zaɓi, vobla koyaushe zai fi son abincin dabbobi don shuka. Ba tare da na biyun ba, tana iya yin ba tare da wata illa ba.

Fasali na ɗabi'a da salon rayuwa

Hotuna: Vobla a Rasha

Voblas sun fi son zama a cikin manyan kaya. Amma yayin aikin ƙaura, galibi suna haɗuwa da manyan makarantu na manyan kifi, kamar bream. Wannan zai taimaka ceton ku daga pike ko walleye. Baya ga aminci, irin wannan maƙwabtaka ma tana da fa'ida - vobla na iya cin abin da ganye ya ɓarke ​​a ƙasan. Bazara da lokacin bazara gaba ɗaya suna cikin teku. A can take ciyarwa sosai domin samun adadin kitsen da ya dace kafin yin bacci.

Kodayake gabaɗaya halaye da dabi'un vobla suna da ma'ana kuma tabbatattu ne, ba zai yiwu a yi hasashen hanya daidai da kogin ba. Dalilin shi ne cewa yawanci ya dogara da yanayin zafin ruwa, yawan gudu da zurfin ruwa. A wannan dalilin ne ya sa wasu lokuta wasu matsaloli suke tasowa yayin da masunta ke son tantance wuraren da za a samar da rogo. Amma idan ka kiyaye shi shekaru da yawa, zaka iya lura da wani yanayi na ƙaura daga ƙyallen roach.

Idan mutum bai kai shekarun balaga ba ko kuma bai haihu a wannan shekara ba, to baya barin mazaunin sa na yau da kullun kuma baya shiga gadajen kogi, yana wanzuwa cikin teku a duk shekara. Vobla yana shiga gadajen kogi ne kawai don kyan gani.

Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa: Azov rago, kamar robar Siberia, wani lokaci ana kiransa vobla. Ba daidai bane! A zahiri, ana samun vobla ne kawai a cikin Tekun Caspian.

Tsarin zamantakewa da haifuwa

Hotuna: Vobly

Lokacin saduwa don roach yana farawa ne da zaran ɗumi ya fara, ma'ana, a lokacin bazara. Karshen Afrilu shine mafi kyawun lokaci. Rowararrun kyankyasai na jima'i suna shiga wannan. Kamar wannan, sun fi kusa da shekaru 2 na rayuwa, lokacin da suka kai kusan 8 cm a tsayi. Domin mace ta haihu da ƙwai, dole ne ta zama babba. Wannan shine dalilin da ya sa maza suka fara shiga cikin lokacin saduwa shekara guda da ta wuce ta mata. A nan gaba, mace na iya yin kuskure na shekaru 1-2, amma namiji yana shiga cikin wasannin mating kowace shekara.

Lokacin da kifi ya kusa haihuwa, sai ya daina ciyarwa. A hankali, jikinta sai kara tsukewa yake. Makamashi yana zuwa gaba ɗaya daga shagunan mai. Vobla zata fara cin abinci kawai idan lokacin auratayya ya kare. Ana tura matan ne a kan tafiya da wuri, amma a nan gaba maza da yawa nan da nan za su riske su kuma su riske su, don haka za su isa ga abin da aka sa gaba. Matan na yin ƙwai sannan su koma cikin teku da wuri-wuri. Wannan ya zama dole don saurin dawo da ƙarfi da ciyar mai. A wannan lokacin, maza suna takin ƙwai kuma su dawo baya.

A lokacin ɓatancin haihuwa, vobla musamman canje-canje a cikin bayyanar. Wannan yana faruwa a matakai 2. A farkon lokacin saduwa, ana rufe vobla da wani irin laushi na azurfa, don zama sananne sosai. A wannan lokacin, kumbura sun bayyana a kan kai, kuma tsiron ƙaya ya bayyana akan sikeli. Rashin nauyi mai nauyi yana haifar da kai yana da girma a ƙarshen spawn wanda ya zama yana da muhimmanci sosai daga jiki. Girman kwan bai wuce milimita ba. Tuni a cikin kwanakin farko, ya fara girma rayayye. Mako guda baya, ƙyanƙyashe ƙyanƙyashe, wanda ba da daɗewa ba zai zama soya kuma ya tafi tare da iyayensu zuwa teku. Can za su girma, su yi nauyi har zuwa lokacin da suka balaga.

Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa: Vobla, lokacin da aka kawo shi bakin teku, zai fara ɓoye wani abu na musamman, wanda da yawa suke ɗaukarsa ta hanyar kamshinsa kama da giya mai tsami.

Halittan makiya na roach

Hotuna: Kifin vobla

Vobla, kamar kowace halitta a cikin yanayi, tana fuskantar haɗari da yawa a kowane mataki. Mutum yana zama ɗayan manyan haɗari ga kifi a yau. Saboda shi ne adadin kifi da dabbobi da yawa ya ragu sosai, daidaitaccen yanayin ya rikice.

Idan muka yi magana game da wasu haɗari, to, vobla, kamar sauran ƙananan kifi, maharan suna kama su a cikin ruwa. Vobla na iya zama abu na kama matsakaici ko babban kifi. Kifi ya fi saukin kamuwa da kai hare-hare a lokacin ɓatancin. Lokacin da ta shiga bakin kogunan cikin manyan kofuna, dabbobi ba sa kyamar cin ribarta a can, waɗanda ke shiga kai tsaye cikin ruwa kuma cikin sauƙin kama mata, suna karɓar ƙarin ƙwai a lokaci ɗaya.

Don kubuta daga maharan, vobla galibi yana hade da makarantun sauran kifaye. Kodayake akwai ƙananan haɗari irin wannan a cikin teku, amma babu wata babbar barazana - kogin teku. Suna fizge kifi daidai daga cikin ruwa, saboda haka yana da matukar wahala ga wani ɓarawo ya tsere.

Wata matsala ga roach ita ce parasites. Mazaunan keɓaɓɓun ruwan teku kusan ba su da su, amma waɗanda ke shiga cikin kogunan, wannan galibi lamari ne mai ban mamaki. Tsutsotsi, larvae - suna kamuwa da gabobi da yawa na kifin, yana ɓata ingancin rayuwarsa. Irin wannan kifin a nan gaba ma yana da haɗari ga mutane. Don amfani da kamun abinci, yana da mahimmanci a ba shi magani mai zafi sosai. In ba haka ba, kifin na da hadari ga mai shi.

Kodayake sau da yawa zaka iya samun ambaton cewa ana fuskantar barazanar kifi saboda kamun kifin mutane, wanda aka kunna shi daidai lokacin da ake haihuwa, a zahiri, matsalolin roach daga yanayin kanta sun fi yawa. Iska da ruwan sama suna da ƙarfi sosai a lokacin bazara. Wannan yana haifar da ambaliyar koguna. Bugu da ari, vobla, shiga cikin irin waɗannan raƙuman ruwa, ba shi da lokaci don komawa zuwa wurare masu zurfi, amma ruwan ya fita da sauri. A sakamakon haka, kifayen suna zama a kasa ne kawai kuma suna zama wahalhalu ga dabbobi masu tafiya.

Kari akan haka, wasu lokuta ana jefa kanta vobla akan tudu. Wannan ya faru ne saboda gaskiyar cewa a cikin ruwa mara ƙaranci babu wadataccen wuri ga irin waɗannan garken tumaki sannan wasu mutane kawai basu da wani abin yi.

Yawan jama'a da matsayin jinsin

Photo: Yaya roach yake

Tun zamanin da, kamun kifi ya zama gama gari musamman a tsakanin dukkan mutane. A lokaci guda, ya kamata a tuna cewa a wancan lokacin babu dama da yawa kamar yanzu: rashin wadataccen kayan aiki na matakin da ya dace, babban laifi - duk wannan bai ba da gudummawa ga yawan tafiye-tafiye zuwa tekun ba a cikin nesa mai nisa. Dangane da asalin wannan duka, waɗancan nau'ikan kifin da za a iya kamawa ba tare da wahala ba, ba tare da yin doguwar tafiya ba, an yaba da su sosai. Saboda wannan, roach ya zama mai daraja - kifi wanda ya game duniya ta kowane fanni, wanda bashi da wahalar kamawa. Wasu lokuta ba a buƙatar aiki - vobla galibi yakan jefa kansa zuwa gaɓar teku kuma abin da ya rage shi ne tattara shi.

Lokaci ya wuce kuma hankali na musamman na vobla ya jawo hankalin masana masana'antu da ke aiki a wannan yanki. Kifi galibi ana kama shi da raga, fita zuwa teku ko cin gajiyar lokacin da kifin zai tafi fage. Vobla koyaushe ana kama shi tare da herring. Amma na biyun ya tafi rafin farko, saboda haka farautarsa ​​ya faro tun farko. Yawancin lokaci ana sayar da caviar daban. An rabu da gawar kifin kuma an rufe ta cikin kwalba. Gawarwakin da kansu suna bayar da dubu 100-300. emphaarfafawa akan shirya kifin don ajiyar lokaci mai tsawo. Wannan shine dalilin da yasa abincin gwangwani, shan taba, da bushewa suna da kyau. A kwanan nan, yawan vobla ya yi yawa cewa ba shi da wahalar kama shi ta kowane fanni, yayin da ba ya tsoron ƙarewarsa. Vobla na zaune a cikin Tekun Caspian da kuma cikin ƙananan yankin Volga.

A cikin 'yan shekarun da suka gabata, adadin roach ya ragu da sau 6. Saboda wannan, masu ra'ayin kiyaye muhallin suna yin kara kuma suna kira da a kare nau'ikan. Yana yiwuwa idan yanayin bai canza zuwa mafi kyau ba, ba da daɗewa ba za a saka vobla a cikin Littafin Ja. Don ƙara lambar, galibi suna fara kiɗa vobla ta hanyar aikin hannu, bayan haka kuma ana sakin manyan mutane cikin koguna da tekuna. Ana yin wannan ta ƙungiyoyi na musamman, waɗanda, a lokaci guda, suna kira ga iyaka kan yawan mutanen da aka kama. A halin yanzu, babu wasu takura a wannan batun. Ba a iya kama vobla ba kawai da raga, amma har da hannu, raga. Wannan bashi da wahalar yi lokacin da kifin ke tausayawa.

Kaico, saboda karancin kudin kifi, masunta na kokarin daukar yawa, akasin haka adadin ke ci gaba da raguwa cikin sauri. Idan wasu nau'ikan kifayen suna cin abincin da ke tattare dasu don kiyaye jinsin, to ba za'a dauki irin wadannan matakan ba game da roach. Amma a kowane hali, za a iya daidaita batun kawai dangane da kamun kifi. Kada kuyi rangwame ga abokan gaba na roach, wanda kuma yake taimakawa ga karuwar jama'a. A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, akwai sauran abinci da yawa a cikin yanayi, don haka yana yiwuwa abokan gaba na asali, dabbobi, su zama ba su da haɗari ga roar kamar mutane.

Vobla Shahararren kifi ne a duk ƙasar Rasha wanda kowane masunci ya sani. Kifi ne mai ɗanɗano kuma sananne, gama gari ne a cikin ruwan daɗi da na gishiri. Amma don ci gaba da kiyaye yawan jama'arta, zai zama wajibi a taƙaita kamun kifi ko aiwatar da ƙarin kiwo na wucin gadi.

Ranar bugawa: 08/04/2019

Ranar da aka sabunta: 28.09.2019 a 12:06