Yayin ambaton dabbar skunk, da yawa sun yamutsa fuska kuma suna faɗar da halayyar kirki: "Fuuu!". Ee Ee, dabbar skunk ya zama sananne daidai saboda ƙanshin sa, don haka wani lokacin ana amfani da sunan shi don kiran wanda baya jin ƙamshi sosai. Zai zama mai ban sha'awa don fahimtar abubuwan da ke tattare da bayyanar wannan dabbar da ba a saba da ita ba, don bayyana halaye da dabi'unta, da bayyana halaye, dabi'un cin abinci da wuraren zama na dindindin.
Asalin jinsin da bayanin
Photo: dabbar skunk
Dabbar dabbar dabba ce mai cin nama wacce take ga dangin dabbar da suke da suna iri ɗaya. A kwanan nan, an sanya skunks a tsakanin dangin mustelidae saboda kamanninsu na waje, amma masana kimiyya sun gudanar da bincike kan ƙwayoyin halitta da na kwayoyin halitta kuma sun gano cewa dabbobin sun fi kusa da dangin panda fiye da na mustelidae da raccoon, kamar yadda aka ɗauka a baya. Sakamakon waɗannan karatun shi ne cewa an ware skunks a cikin iyali daban.
Bidiyo: Dabbar skunk
Tabbas, da farko dai, dabbar auduga tana da alaƙa da sirrin tayin da dabbar ta asirce tare da taimakon ƙwayoyin cuta na musamman a cikin mintuna lokacin da ta ji wata barazana. An bambanta shi da mafi haske, mai ɗaukaka kuma a lokaci guda mai tsananin baƙar fata da fari. Irin wannan launi mai banbanci gargadi ne ga yawancin marasa kyau.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa: Jirgin dabbar skunk mai kamshi zai iya bugi abokan gaba mita shida daga dabbar. Smellanshin wannan makamin yana da karko mai ban mamaki, saboda haka ba shi da sauƙi cire shi.
Baya ga takamaiman ƙamshi da launuka na asali, dabbar skunk tana da ƙarfi mai ƙarfi, adadi, gajerun ƙafafu, sanye take da farata masu ƙayatarwa, da kyakkyawa, mai wadata, bushi, doguwar jela. A waje, dabbar skunk tana kama da gicciye tsakanin badger da ferret. Masana ilmin dabbobi sun banbanta jinsin dabbar skunk guda huɗu, sun kasu kashi iri 12.
Don haka, akwai nau'ikan skunks guda huɗu:
- wani nau'in alade na aladu;
- nau'in jigon skunks;
- halittar masu kamshi mai laushi (asalinsu dangin weasel ne);
- halittar dabbare dabbare.
Dukkanin nau'ikan dabbar skunk sun banbanta ba kawai a mazauninsu ba, har ma da girma, siffofin halayya a launi, saboda haka, zamu kara bayanin siffofin wadannan dabbobin ta hanyar amfani da misalin wasu nau'in.
Bayyanar abubuwa da fasali
Photo: Yaya dabbar dabbar kama
Dabbar skunk wanda aka fi sani ga duk dangin dabbar skunk, dabba ce mai matsakaiciyar girma, amma kyakkyawan tsari ne. Tsawon jikinsa daga 28 zuwa 38 cm, kuma tsawon jelar ya banbanta daga 17 zuwa 30 cm .. nauyin dabba daga 1.2 zuwa 5.3 kilogiram. Theananan gaɓoɓin gajere ne, ƙusoshin akan su suna da ɗan lankwasa, a ƙafafun gaba sun fi tsayi, ya zama dole a haƙa rami. Kunnuwan dabbar daddare gajeru ne, sun fi kauri, kuma an zagaye su a saman. Gashin dabbar skunk yana da gashi mai gashi sosai, amma fur ɗin ba shi da nauyi, wutsiyar ta wartsake kuma tana da arziki.
Launin dabba yana da sikeli mai fari da fari. An saka kwat da wandon bakakken baki mai faɗi iri-iri waɗanda suka samo asali daga yankin kai kuma suka shimfiɗa ta baya zuwa wutsiya, wanda a launukansa tana da gashi a launuka biyu masu launin fari da fari.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa: An lura cewa a cikin mutane daban-daban na dabbar skunk, tsayi da faɗin fararen ratsi sun bambanta.
Skunk mexican ya bambanta da na baya a cikin ƙananan girma, nauyinsa bai ma kai kilogram ba kuma ya fara daga 800 zuwa 900 gram. Wannan nau'ikan dabbar skunk yana da launuka biyu masu launi. Na farko daga cikin wadannan shi ne wanda aka fi sani: saman dabbar gaba daya fari ne, kuma duk sauran bangarorin (ciki, muzzle, gabobi) baki ne. A nau'ikan launuka na biyu, sautin baƙi ya fi yawa kuma kawai a gefunan ana ga farin ratsi sosai na bakin ciki, ɓangaren ciki na jela, yawanci, fari ne. Ya kamata a san cewa rigar dabba ta fi tsayi da taushi fiye da ta dabbar skunk, kuma don fadada gashin kan wuyanta an yi mata lakabi da "hood skunk".
Kunananan dabbar dabba bai bambanta ba a cikin babban girma, yana da tsayin jiki - daga 23 zuwa 35 cm, kuma jela tana da tsayi - daga 11 zuwa 22 cm. A jikin baƙar fata, adon farin zigzag rabe-rabe da alamomi kowane lokaci mutum ne. Kusan ba zai yiwu mu haɗu da dabbobi masu launi iri ɗaya ba. Dabbar tana da ban sha'awa, kuma daga nesa, ana ganin tabo a cikin launin gashin gashi.
Skunk Amurka ta Kudu nasa ne na aladu. Dabbar tana da girma mai ban sha'awa, wannan dabbar skunk na iya zama daga 46 zuwa 90 cm a tsayi, nauyin ya fara daga 2,5 zuwa 4.5 kilogiram. Wutsiyar dabbar duk fari ce, kuma a bakar jikinsa kuma akwai fararen ratsin da ke shimfidawa daga bayan kai zuwa wutsiyar, kawai babu wani farin zane a bakin bakin.
Sunda Stinky Badger wanda kuma ake kira da teledu, yana daga nau'in dabbar skunk na badgers masu wari, wanda har zuwa 1997 aka zabarsa a matsayin weasel. Badger mai kamshi yana kama da kamannin lamba ta yau da kullun. Tsawon jikinsa daga 37 zuwa 52 cm, kuma nauyinsa daga 1.3 zuwa 3.6 kg. Dabbar tana da gajeren wutsiya, kimanin tsawon santimita huɗu, fur ɗin da ke kanta dogo ne sosai. Sautin jiki mafi rinjaye baƙar fata ne, tare da ratsi mai haske a baya.
Yanzu kun san komai game da fitowar jirgin sama da ƙanshin dabbar dabbar. Bari mu ga inda wannan dabba da ba a saba gani ba.
A ina dabbar skunk take rayuwa?
Photo: dabbar skunk a cikin yanayi
Kusan dukkanin dabbobin suna zaune a cikin yankin Sabuwar Duniya. Zankunan da aka yaɗa sun bazu a cikin yankin Arewacin Amurka, suna rufe yankuna daga kudancin Kanada zuwa arewacin jihar Mexico. Game da Amurka, ana iya samun waɗannan sandunan a kusan kusan kowace jiha, ban da Hawaii da Alaska.
Abu ne mai yiyuwa a ga skunkun hancin alade (hancin alade) a cikin yankunan da suka faro daga Kudancin Amurka zuwa yankunan Ajantina. Abun da aka hango galibi yana zaune a ƙasashen Pennsylvania da British Columbia, kuma zangonsu ya kai Costa Rica. Wajen kan iyakar Amurka, bajamai masu ƙanshi ne kawai ke rayuwa, sun zaɓi tsibirin Indonesiya.
Baya ga jihohin da aka ambata a baya, ana iya samun skunks a cikin sarari:
- El Salvador;
- Guatemala;
- Bolivia;
- Nicaragua;
- Chile;
- Paraguay;
- Belize;
- Peru.
Tsuntsaye suna zaune a wurare daban-daban, amma galibi galibi ana jawo su ne ta hanyar shimfidar wurare kusa da hanyoyin ruwa. Har ila yau, ƙwaro irin na gashin-kansa ya sauka a kan gangaren dutse, yawanci bai fi kilomita 2 sama da matakin teku ba, kodayake an ga samfurin yana hawa zuwa kusan kilomita 4. Dabbobin ma ba sa tsallake dazuzzuka, kawai ba sa son daji mai dumbin yawa, sun fi son gandun daji masu haske. Skunks ma ba sa son dausayi.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa: Skunks ba sa jin tsoron mutane kuma galibi suna zaune a cikin birane da sauran ƙauyuka, inda suke neman abinci koyaushe a cikin wuraren shara da kuma cikin ɗakuna.
Menene dabbar skunk take ci?
Hotuna: Taguwar Skunk
Skunks, ba tare da wata shakka ba, ana iya kiran shi masani, abincin su ya haɗa da abincin dabbobi da ciyayi iri-iri. Kar ka manta cewa dabbobi masu farauta ne.
Skunks suna jin daɗin ciye-ciye:
- sunadarai;
- saurayi zomo;
- shrews;
- beraye;
- macizai;
- wasu nau'ikan kifi;
- kayan kwalliya;
- kadangaru;
- tsutsotsi;
- ciyawar ciyawa;
- larvae na kwari iri-iri;
- qwai tsuntsaye da kajinsu.
Dabbobin za su ci abinci da farin ciki iri-iri na kayan lambu da 'ya'yan itatuwa, hatsi, ganyaye, shuke-shuke, da kwayoyi. Dabbar skunk da carrion ba sa renawa. Kamar yadda aka riga aka ambata, dabbobin da ke zaune a ƙauyukan mutane suna cin abincin da ke cikin wuraren shara da kuma cikin kwandunan shara.
Kununƙun daji suna farauta da yamma, suna amfani da ƙwarewar ji da ƙanshi. Bayan sun hango kayan abincinsu, misali, kadangaru, sai su hako ƙasa, su ture duwatsun, suyi farin ciki da ganyen da suka faɗi tare da hancinsu don zuwa wurin abincin. Skunks suna kama rodents da haƙoransu, duk ana yin wannan cikin tsalle. Idan wanda aka kama yana da fata mai laushi ko kuma yana da ƙaya, to dabbobin da suke da dabara za su mirgine shi a ƙasa. An lura dakunkun da aka kama sun ninka na takwarorinsu na daji sau biyu. abincinsu ya fi girma a kitse.
Gaskiyar wasa: Skunks suna da haƙori mai daɗi, kawai suna son zuma, suna cin sa daidai tare da tsefe da ƙudan zuma.
Fasali na ɗabi'a da salon rayuwa
Hotuna: American Skunk
Skunks suna aiki da magariba da daddare, sa'annan suna fita daga kabarinsu don neman abinci. Sun san yadda ake tono daidai, amma suna ƙoƙarin mamaye ramuka na wasu don rayuwa. Wasu nau'ikan dabbar kankara suna hawa da kyau a cikin rawanin bishiyoyi, amma yawancin dabbobi ba sa iya hawa bishiyoyi, kuma duk dabbobin suna yin iyo daidai.
Dabbobin, waɗanda aka yi wa rajista a yankunan arewacin, za su fara adana mai a lokacin bazara don sauƙaƙa musu, duk da cewa rashin kwanciyar hankali ba irin na yau da kullun ba ne a gare su, amma dabbobin suna zama masu wuce gona da iri a cikin hunturu, ba sa barin matsugunansu har zuwa farkon kwanakin dumi. Suna yin bacci a cikin rami a ƙananan rukuni, waɗanda suka haɗa da namiji ɗaya da mata da yawa.
Fitowa daga masassarar hunturu, dabbar skunks sun fi son wanzuwar kadaitaka. Yankin waɗannan dabbobin ba na musamman ba ne, ba sa sanya alamomi a kan iyakar rarar ƙasa. Yankin ciyar da mace zai iya rufe yanki mai murabba'in kilomita biyu zuwa hudu, kuma ga maza zai iya kaiwa ashirin.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa: Ba kamar kyakkyawar ƙamshi da ji ba, yanayi bai ba wa ɗakunansu hangen nesa ba, don haka da kyar suke rarrabe wani abu sama da alamar mita uku.
Idan muka yi magana game da halayen dabbar dabbar, to abin haƙurin ne, ana iya hora shi, wanda galibi ake yi a ƙasashe irin su Burtaniya, Italia, Amurka, Jamus, Netherlands. Mafi sau da yawa, skunks masu yatsu suna zama dabbobi, waɗanda ake cire ƙwayoyin tayi. Masu mallakar dabbobi masu ban mamaki suna ba da tabbacin cewa dabbobin skunks suna farin cikin saduwa kuma sun dace da kiyaye gida, zama abokai na gaske.
Tsarin zamantakewa da haifuwa
Photo: Baby dabbar skunk
Skunks sun balaga a cikin shekara ɗaya, kuma lokacin bikin aurensu yana farawa a farkon watan bazara ko kuma a watan Fabrairu kuma yana ɗaukar kimanin watanni biyu zuwa uku. A wannan lokacin rikice-rikicen, maza na iya zama masu zafin rai da yin faɗa tare da masu fafatawa don mallakar mace mai dabbar skunk. Ana iya kiran sandunansu polygamous; namiji daya yana da mata da yawa don saduwa a lokaci ɗaya. Namiji yana shiga cikin hadi ne kawai, baya kara bayyana a rayuwar 'ya'yansa.
Lokacin haihuwa yana daga wata daya zuwa watanni biyu. Mace tana haihuwar jarirai uku zuwa goma, amma galibi akan samu biyar ko shida. Nauyin jarirai kusan gram 23 ne, lokacin haihuwa makafi ne da kurma, lokacin haihuwa suna kama da karammiski mai launi iri ɗaya da na manyan dangi.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa: Ga sandunansu, irin wannan abin alamomin halayyar amfrayo ne (jinkirta haɓakar haihuwa). A wannan yanayin ne cikin yakai wata biyu.
A kusan makonni biyu da haihuwa, san kwikwiyo na skunk suna da ikon gani, kuma kusan wata ɗaya sun riga sun sami damar shiga cikin kariya ta kai. Zasu iya amfani da makamin tayinsu tun suna da wata daya da rabi. Mama tana kula da yara kusan sati bakwai. Sun fara sabawa da ciyar da kansu tun daga wata biyu. Lokacin hunturu na farko yana faruwa ne a cikin kabarin mahaifiya, kuma shekara mai zuwa, samarin samari zasu nemi mafaka ta kansu. A cikin mawuyacin yanayi na daji, dabbar skunks na rayuwa ne kawai kimanin shekaru uku ko huɗu, kuma a cikin fursuna za su iya rayuwa na dozin. Yaran dabbobi da yawa sun mutu a shekarar farko ta rayuwarsu. Akwai tabbacin cewa mutane goma ne cikin ɗari zasu iya cin nasarar farkon hunturu.
Halittan makiya na dabbar dabbar
Photo: Taguwar Skunks
Dabbar skunk tana da makami mai guba mai guba a cikin kayan ajiyar sa, amma ba ya tsoratar da kowa da kowa, saboda haka kuma yana da abokan gaba a cikin yanayin yanayi, kodayake kaɗan.
Daga cikin masu hadari marasa kyau akwai:
- dawakai;
- fararen fata
- pum;
- badgers;
- beyar;
- Lynx na Amurka;
- masu farauta masu fuka-fukai (owls).
Skunk mai walƙiya bai da sauƙi kuma ya daɗe da kirkirar dabarun kariya. Da farko dai, dabbar ta sake sarrafa wani abu na gargadi: tana daga jelarsa, takan dauki matakin bugawa, ta taka kasa tare da kafafunta, ta fitar da kara, zata iya tsayawa kan kafafuwanta na gaba kuma ta kirkira kwaikwayon harbi na karya. A gefe guda, yana yin halin ɗan adam, yana ba maƙiyi dama su ja da baya ba tare da yin wanka ba. Idan abokan gaba suka yi taurin kai kuma suka ci gaba da kai hare-hare, dabbar skunk ta juya daga barazanar zuwa kasuwanci, yana tsaye a gaban gabobin, yana lankwasa bayansa kuma yana yin jirgin sama mai manufa mai kyau. Abun mai naman kunun skunk yana matukar fusata idanun abokin adawar, wani lokacin yakan haifar da makanta na ɗan lokaci.
Gaskiya mai Nishadi: Wani sinadari da ake kira butyl mercaptan ana samunsa a cikin gland din guda biyu, na dubura, na skunk wadanda suke zagaye da jijiyoyin, kuma ana amfani da su ne ta jiragen sama da yin harbi ta wasu kananan ramuka. Batirin mai wari mara kyau ya isa harbi na 5 ko 6, duk ɓoyayyen ɓoyayyen bayanan yana sake sakewa bayan kwana biyu.
Tabbas, yawancin masu farauta, da suka sami rafin dabbar a kalla sau ɗaya, ba za su sake tunkarar wannan dabba ba, suna masu tuna ta da launuka masu haske. Ya kamata a kara da cewa tsuntsayen sun fi cetonsu ta hanyar rashin jin wari, saboda haka suna ci gaba da kai hari ga dabbobin. Mutumin da ya halakar da dabbobi saboda warinsa kuma ana iya sanya shi a matsayin abokan gaba. Skunks galibi suna wahala daga hare-haren cin zarafi a gidajen kaji. Mutane suna kashe dabbobi saboda dabbar skunks galibi suna fama da cutar rabies.
Yawan jama'a da matsayin jinsin
Hotuna: Little Skkunk
Kogin skkun sun zauna ko'ina a cikin Amurka, suna cike da nau'ikan da yawa. Kar ka manta game da bajamai masu ƙamshi da ke zaune a Indonesia. Akwai dalilai da dama wadanda suke shafar girman yawan dabbar dabbar. Na farko, waɗannan mutane ne waɗanda ke kashe sandunansu da gangan saboda ƙimar da suke yi da kuma ƙaddarar cutar hauka. Wani lokaci ana farautar kokon kan gashinsu, wanda yake da kima sosai, amma ba safai ake amfani da shi ba, saboda ƙamshin warinsa yana da matukar wahalar kawar dashi, kuma galibi ba zai yuwu ba.
Mutum yana lalata skun a kaikaice, yana kore su daga wuraren zama tare da gudanar da ayyukansu na tashin hankali. Adadin dabbobi da yawa sun mutu akan manyan hanyoyi. Skunks yakan zama masu ɗauke da cututtuka daban-daban (histoplasmosis, rabies), saboda abin da su kansu ke wahala. Kar ka manta cewa ana iya gano yawan mace-macen da ke tsakanin kananan dabbobi, wanda kusan kashi goma cikin dari ne suka sami nasarar tsira a shekarar farko ta rayuwa.
Abin mamaki, duk da duk abubuwan da ba su da kyau, sanduna har yanzu suna da yawa, ba a yi musu barazanar ƙarewa ba, kuma dabbobin ba sa buƙatar matakan kariya na musamman, waɗanda ba za su iya murna ba. A bayyane yake, wannan yana faruwa ne saboda waɗannan dabbobin masu ban sha'awa ba su da ma'ana a zaɓin abinci kuma suna iya zama a kan wurare daban-daban, gami da na birane. Kada ku raina ƙarfin takamaiman makaman su, wanda galibi ke tseratar da rayukan dabbar skunk da yawa daga masu cutar marasa lafiya.
A ƙarshe, Ina so in ƙara hakan dabbar skunk yana kawo wa mutane fa'ida ta cin ƙananan beraye da kwari masu ban haushi. Duk da haka, yana da kyan gani sosai, yana biki kuma yana da ƙarfi a cikin baƙar fata da fararen tufafi masu kyau, kuma wutsiya mai walƙiya, kamar fan, kawai tana ƙara kyau da kwarjini. Babban abu ba shine tsoratarwa ko hargitsa wannan yanayin ba, don haka fesa mai ƙanshi mai ƙayatarwa baya aiki.
Ranar bugawa: 07/24/2019
Ranar da aka sabunta: 09/29/2019 a 19:46
