Shark goblin, wanda kuma aka sani a ƙarƙashin wasu sunaye - kifi mai zurfin teku, na sharks yana ɗaya daga cikin mafi ƙarancin karatu da dadadden tarihi. Kadan ne suka tabbatar da bayanai game da abinci mai gina jiki, halayya a muhallin da aka sani, haifuwa. Amma har yanzu ana iya faɗi wani abu game da wannan dodo mai ban mamaki na zurfafa - kuma wannan kifi ne mai ban mamaki!
Asalin jinsin da bayanin
Hotuna: Shark Goblin
Daga cikin relict family na scapanorhynchid sharks, wannan jinsin ana daukar shi ne kawai mai rai. An yi imani da shi - saboda mazauninsu a cikin ruwa da kuma kifin kifin kifi, goblins ba su da yawa ga masu bincike, sabili da haka ba wanda ya san ko zurfin teku da wani nau'in na wannan dangin, ko ma da yawa, sun ɓoye a cikin kansu.
A karon farko an kama kifin shark a cikin 1898. Saboda yanayin kifin da ba a saba gani ba, ba a yin bayaninsa na kimiyya nan da nan, amma sai bayan cikakken bincike, wanda ya dauki kimanin shekara guda, D.S Jordan ne ya yi shi. Kifi na farko da aka kama har yanzu saurayi ne, tsayin mita ne kawai, sakamakon haka, da farko, masana kimiyya ba su da ra'ayin da ya dace game da girman nau'in.
Bidiyo: Shark Goblin
An sanya shi a matsayin Mitsukurina owstoni bayan Alan Owston da Farfesa Kakechi Mitsukuri - na farkon ya kama shi kuma na biyu yana nazarin shi. Nan da nan masu bincike suka yi kama da kamannin Mesozoic shark scapanorhynchus, kuma na ɗan lokaci sun yi imani cewa wannan ne.
Sannan an sami bambance-bambance, amma a matsayin daya daga cikin sunayen mara izini "scapanorinh" aka gyara shi. Da gaske jinsin yana da dangantaka, kuma tunda ainihin sipanon bai rayu ba, ya dace a kira danginsa mafi kusa da hakan.
Goblin shark da gaske na mallakar kayan tarihi ne: ya wanzu kusan shekaru miliyan 50, yana da abubuwa da yawa na kayan tarihi kuma saboda haka yana da ban sha'awa don nazari. Tsoffin wakilai na dangin scapanorhynchid sun rayu a cikin tekunan duniya kimanin shekaru miliyan 125 da suka gabata.
Bayyanar abubuwa da fasali
Hotuna: Goblin Shark ko Brownie
Sunan da kansa yana haifar da ƙungiyoyi - goblins yawanci basa bambanta da kyau. Goblin shark ya yi kama da mafi yawancinsu: hakika ana masa laƙabi saboda saboda banbancinsa har ma da ban tsoro bayyanar - siffofin gurɓatattu da baƙon abu ga mutane galibi halaye ne na yawancin mazaunan zurfin, suna rayuwa cikin matsi mai ƙarfi daga rukunin ruwa.
Muƙamuƙan suna da tsayi kuma suna iya yin gaba sosai, kuma a kan bakin bakin akwai wataƙila mai tsayi kama da bakin. Bugu da kari, fatar wannan kifin kifin na kifin ya kusan bayyana kuma ana iya ganin tasoshin ta wurin - wannan yana ba shi launin hoda-ruwan hoda, wanda yake saurin canzawa zuwa launin ruwan kasa bayan mutuwa.
Jiragen ruwan suna kusan kusan fata, suna bayyane a sarari, gami da saboda wannan. Wannan yanayin halittar jikin ba wai kawai ya bawa kifin wani yanayi mara kyau ba har ma da ban tsoro, amma kuma yana ba da numfashi ga fata. Theananan jijiyoyin jikin mutum da na dubura sun sami ci gaba sosai kuma sun fi ƙarfin ƙwanƙwasa, wanda ke ba da damar inganta motsi a zurfin, amma shark goblin ba ya iya haɓaka saurin gudu.
Jiki yana zagaye, a cikin siffar sandar ƙarfe, wanda ke ƙaruwa da motsi. Scapanorhynchus yana da tsayi sosai kuma yayi shimfidawa, sabili da haka, koda tare da tsayi mai yawa, bashi da irin wannan babban nauyi ta ma'aunin sharks: yana girma zuwa mita 2.5-3.5, kuma yawansa yakai kilogram 120-170. Yana da dogayen hakora na gaba da kaifi, kuma haƙoran baya an tsara su ne don cin naman ganima da murƙushe bawo.
Tana da hanta mai haɓaka sosai: tana da nauyin kwata na nauyin kifin duka. Wannan kwayar halitta tana adana abinci mai gina jiki, wanda ke taimakawa goblin shark ya rayu na dogon lokaci ba tare da abinci ba: koda makonni biyu ko uku na yunwa ba zai hana shi dukkan ƙarfinsa ba. Wani muhimmin aiki na hanta shine maye gurbin mafitsara mai iyo.
Gaskiya mai nishadi: Idanun goblin shark suna haske kore a cikin duhu, kamar sauran ɗumbin mazaunan zurfin ruwa, saboda duhu a can sosai. Amma har yanzu tana dogaro da gani sosai kasa da sauran hankula.
A ina ne kifin goblin yake rayuwa?
Photo: Shark goblin cikin ruwa
Ba a san mazaunin a sananne ba, mutum na iya yanke shawara kawai game da waɗancan wuraren da aka kama scapanorhynchia.
Goblin kifin shark:
- Tekun China;
- yankin Tekun Fasifik da ke gabashin gabar Japan;
- Tekun Tasman;
- Babban Bahar Australiya;
- ruwa kudu da Afirka ta Kudu;
- Gulf of Guinea;
- Tekun Caribbean;
- Bay na Biscay;
- Tekun Atlantika daga gabar Portugal.
A duk tsawon lokacin, an kama mutane ƙasa da hamsin, kuma bisa irin wannan samfurin, ba shi yiwuwa a yanke shawara mai ƙarfi game da iyakokin kewayon.
Japan ita ce kan gaba a yawan kifayen goblin da aka kama - a cikin tekuna ne suke wanke shi aka sami yawancinsu. Wannan, kodayake, mai yiwuwa saboda da farko cewa Jafananci suna da kyakkyawan kamun kifi a cikin teku, kuma ba yana nufin cewa a cikin waɗannan ruwan ne yawancin Scapanorinchs suke rayuwa ba.
Bugu da ƙari: teku da bays ne aka lissafa, yayin da buɗe teku zai iya zama gida ga yawancin kifayen goblin da yawa, amma ana yin kamun kifi a cikin ruwa cikin ƙarami kaɗan. Gabaɗaya, ruwan dukkan tekuna sun dace da mazauninsu - kawai banda zai iya zama Tekun Arctic, amma, masu binciken basu da tabbas game da wannan.
An kama samfurin na farko a kusa da gabar Jafananci, a cikin wannan ƙasar an ba wa jinsin sunan a matsayin shark-goblin - kodayake ba a yi amfani da shi ba cikin Rashanci na dogon lokaci. Sun fi son kiranta launin ruwan kasa - mutanen Soviet sun fi saninta da ƙirƙirar almara.
Saboda dumamar ruwan teku, wanda yake faruwa na dogon lokaci, a hankali sannu-sannu masu canza yanayin mazauna mazauna suna canza mazauninsu, suna motsawa sama. Amma zurfin har yanzu yana da mahimmanci: wannan shark ɗin ya fi so a sami aƙalla mita 200-250 na ruwa sama da kansa. Wani lokaci yana yin iyo sosai - har zuwa mita 1500.
Menene kifin shark din yake ci?
Hotuna: Goblin Deep Sea Shark
Ba a fayyace abincin yadda ya kamata ba, tunda ba a kiyaye abubuwan da ke ciki a cikin kifin da aka kama ba: an wofintar da shi saboda matsin lamba yayin hawan. Saboda haka, ya rage kawai don yin tunani game da kwayoyin da suke cin abinci akan su.
Tushen yanke shawara shi ne, a tsakanin sauran dalilai, tsarin hakora da kayan hakora na wannan kifin - kamar yadda masu binciken suka ba da shawara bisa ga sakamakon bincikensu, masu sifar din za su iya ciyar da kwayoyin halittu masu zurfin teku masu girma iri-iri - daga plankton zuwa babban kifi. Abincin ya hada da cephalopods.
Da alama, goblin shark yana ciyarwa akan:
- kifi;
- katako;
- squid;
- dorinar ruwa;
- kifin kifi
- ƙananan invertebrates;
- kayan kwalliya;
- kifin kifi;
- gawa.
Don kamawa da riƙe ganima, tana amfani da haƙoranta na gaba, kuma suna cizon ta da haƙoran baya. Muƙamuƙan suna da kyau sosai, lokacin farauta, yana tura su gaba, kamawa kuma riƙe wanda aka azabtar, kuma a lokaci guda kuma yana jan ruwa a baki sosai.
Abu ne mai wahala ka iya riskar ganima mai saurin motsi, saboda haka yawanci ana iyakance shi ne ga masu saurin jinkirin teku - sai kawai ya riske su ya tsotse su idan kanana ne, kuma ya rike manya daga hakoransa.
Idan ba zaku iya wadatarwa ta wannan hanyar ba, dole ne ku nemi mushe - tsarin narkewa na goblin shark ya dace don sarrafa shi. Bugu da kari, tarin abubuwan da ke cikin hanta sun ba shi damar rayuwa tsawon lokaci ba tare da wani abinci kwata-kwata ba, idan ba a yi nasarar neman ganima ba.
Fasali na ɗabi'a da salon rayuwa
Hotuna: Shark Goblin
Ba a karanta shi daidai saboda yanayin rayuwarsa: yana rayuwa a cikin ruwa mai zurfi, kuma yana da wahalar bincika wannan yankin. Sabili da haka, masana kimiyya suna yanke babban sakamako daga samplesan samfuran da aka kama. Bayan nazarin su, an yanke shawarar cewa, duk da kamanninta na yau da kullun, wannan ainihin kifin kifin ne, kuma ba ɓata gari ba ne - a baya akwai irin waɗannan tunanin.
Masana kimiyya suma suna da kwarin gwiwa game da dabi'ar wannan nau'in - kodayake ba a samo kifin kifin na goblin ba, suna da hanyar rayuwa, sosai tare da cewa wasu nau'ikan kifayen kifin da suka jagoranci. Hakanan ana nuna wannan ta tsarinsu, ta fuskoki da yawa kwatankwacin halittun da suka daɗe.
Kodayake ba a san shi da tabbaci ba, ana jin cewa su kaɗai ne - aƙalla babu wata alama da ke nuna cewa sun haɗu, kuma ana kama su ɗaya bayan ɗaya. Ba zai yiwu a yi nazarin shark din goblin mai rai ba koda a cikin yanayi na wucin gadi - mutum daya tilo da ya rayu bayan kamun ya mutu mako guda baya, ba tare da barin tattara bayanai da yawa ba.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa: A zahiri, ba a ba da suna mara izini kwata-kwata don girmama goblins, amma tengu - halittu daga tatsuniyar Japan. Babban fasalinsu shine dogon hanci, wanda shine dalilin da yasa masunta Jafananci suka fito da kwatancen kwatsam. Tun da babu tengu a cikin tatsuniyoyin Yammacin Turai, an sake musu suna goblins, kuma a cikin USSR, a daidai wannan hanyar, ana kiransu launin ruwan kasa.
Tsarin zamantakewa da haifuwa
Hoto: Goblin Shark, ita sharkiya ce mai ruwan goro
Ana ɗaukar su masu cin kaɗaici ta hanyar kwatankwacin ire-irensu. Pisces suna haɗuwa ne kawai a lokacin lokacin saduwa, cikakkun bayanai da tsawon lokacin da ba'ayi nazarin su ba. Ya zo kowane everyan shekaru. Sauran lokacin da suka kwashe suna farautar wasu mazaunan zurfin, mai yiyuwa ne wasu wakilan jinsin nasu suma.
Masana kimiyya ma na iya yin hasashe ne kawai game da haihuwa, tun da ba a taɓa kama mace mai ciki ba - duk da haka, ana iya yin hakan tare da cikakken tabbaci dangane da binciken wasu kifayen kifayen, gami da waɗanda ke cikin teku. Wataƙila, scapanorhynchia yana da ƙoshin lafiya, amfrayo suna ci gaba kai tsaye a jikin uwar.
Sun bayyana a shirye tsaf don rayuwa mai zaman kanta - kuma nan take zai fara. Mama ba ta damu da soya ba, ba ta koyarwa kuma ba ta ciyar da su, amma nan da nan suka fita, saboda su da kansu dole su farauta da ɓoyewa daga masu farauta - sa'a, babu yawancinsu da suka fi kusa da farfajiyar.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa: Tsayi mai tsiro, wanda ya ba da rabin "fara'a" na goblin shark, yana aiki ne a matsayin mai gano wutar lantarki. Ya ƙunshi kumfa na Lorenzini, wanda ke ɗaukar siginonin lantarki masu rauni sosai, kuma yana ba da damar gano ganima a cikin duhu, gami da waɗanda ke tsaye.
Halittan makiya na goblin sharks
Hotuna: Shark Goblin
A can zurfin da wannan kifin kifin yake rayuwa, ba shi da abokan gaba ƙwarai - a ce wannan ƙila rashin ilimi ne ya hana shi, amma mazaunin kansa, ba kamar matakan ruwa na sama ba, ba a daidaita shi da manyan halittu masu farauta ba, kuma scapanorinh yana ɗaya daga cikin mafiya ƙarfi da mazauna haɗari na rukunin ruwa.
A sakamakon haka, zai iya jin kwarin gwiwa kuma kusan ba ya tsoron komai. Rikice-rikice tare da sauran kifin kifin na iya yiwuwa, lokacin da scapanornh ya tashi zuwa manyan layuka na ruwa a gare shi, kuma, akasin haka, suna sauka. Amma waɗannan a bayyane suke ba lokuta bane masu yawa - aƙalla kan sanannun samfuran kifayen goblin babu alamun cizon manyan kifayen.
Fada da wasu kifaye masu zurfin teku kuma na iya faruwa, saboda akwai irin wadannan nau'ikan da yawa, amma scapanorinch yana daya daga cikin mafi girma da hadari a cikinsu, don haka babban barazanar tana cike da fada tare da wakilan jinsinta. Ba a san shi da tabbaci cewa suna faruwa ba, amma sun saba da kusan dukkanin kifin kifin.
Ba kamar manya ba, akwai barazanar da yawa ga matasa - alal misali, sauran kifayen masu farautar teku. Koyaya, suna rayuwa cikin nutsuwa fiye da soyayyar kifin kifin na yau da kullun, tunda rayayyun halittu a cikin ruwa mai zurfi galibi kanana ne, kuma suna girma da sauri ba tare da tsoron kowa ba.
Yawan jama'a da matsayin jinsin
Hotuna: Goblin Deep Sea Shark
Yana da wahala a kiyasta yawan kifayen goblin kawai a kan samfurin da aka kama - akwai 45 daga cikinsu a cikin sama da karni guda tun lokacin da aka gano su, amma wannan ba ya nuna karancin yaduwar nau'in. Koyaya, masu bincike har yanzu sunyi imanin cewa goblin sharks da gaske ba su da yawa.
Amma bai isa a gane su a matsayin jinsin dake tattare da hadari ba - mutane kalilan da aka kama a sassa daban-daban na duniya, don haka akwai hanyoyi biyu: na farko - yankin raunin scapanorhynchus yana da fadi sosai, wanda ke nufin cewa koda tare da karancin nauyi a doron kasa ba su da yawa sosai.
Na biyu - akwai aƙalla adadin da aka keɓe masu yawa, in haka ne kuma ba a yi barazanar rayuwar masharhan goblin ba. An ci gaba daga wannan, kuma kuma daga gaskiyar cewa ba a aiwatar da kasuwancin wannan nau'in, an haɗa shi a cikin adadin nau'in da babu wata barazana game da su (Least Damuwa - LC).
Lura cewa muƙamin babban kifin shark yana da ƙima ƙwarai, kuma masu tara abubuwa suna da sha'awar manyan haƙoransa. Amma har yanzu, sha'awar ba ta da kyau kamar shiga cikin kamun kifi a cikin teku musamman saboda wannan - scapanorinha yana kiyaye ainihin hanyar rayuwarsa daga farauta.
Amma sananne ne cewa yawancin kifayen da yawa sun kasance ba bisa ka'ida ba ga masu hannu da shuni fiye da yadda aka zo wa masana kimiyya - kawai a kusa da Taiwan cikin kankanin lokaci suka sami nasarar kama kusan dari. Amma irin waɗannan al'amuran suna faruwa ne kwatsam, ba a aiwatar da kamun kifi ba.
Shark goblin yana da babbar daraja ga masana kimiyya - tsohuwar kifi ce, binciken ta zai iya ba da haske kan tsarin juyin halitta kuma ya sami cikakken hoto game da yawancin kwayoyin halittar da suka rayu a duniyar mu tuntuni. Hakanan yana da ban sha'awa a matsayin ɗayan mafi girma kuma mafi haɓaka mahaukata waɗanda ke iya rayuwa a zurfin sama da mita 1,000 - a cikin duhu da kuma ƙarƙashin matsin lamba.
Ranar bugawa: 10.06.2019
Ranar da aka sabunta: 22.09.2019 a 23:49
