Hound na Estonia (Eesti hagijas) sanannen nau'in shahara ne ga ƙwararrun masu kiwon karnuka na gida da na waje. Ana amfani da hound na wannan nau'in wajen farautar ƙananan dabbobi.
Tarihin irin
An kirkiro nau'in Hound na Estonia a karni na ashirin a kan yankin Estonia, kuma a yau ya kasance na wakilai na al'ada na rukunin Dog Hounds. Aikin kiwo ya fara ne tsakanin lokacin yaƙe-yaƙe na duniya, wanda ya samo asali ne saboda yanayin mahalli da matakan kare barewar barewa.
Saboda mahimmancin ƙwarin barewa a waɗancan shekaru, an hana shi yin amfani da farauta a cikin farauta mai tsayin sama da 45 cm... Babban yawan rugugin filayen ta manyan tituna da waƙoƙi sun buƙaci kiwo na ƙananan da karnuka masu ƙarancin ruwa waɗanda suka dace da amfani da farautar ƙafa.
Tsarin kiwo na horon Eston ya tafi cikin manyan kwatance guda biyu lokaci guda:
- a cikin sigar zaɓi na matsakaitan masu kera kayan rukunin Anglo-Rasha, Rasha da sauran nau'ikan farauta waɗanda aka samu. Principlea'idar wannan shugabanci shine shigarwar jinin farautar Finnish da Foxhounds na gaba;
- a cikin hanyar tsallakawa tare da ƙananan Turai da Lucerne ko hound na Switzerland, da kuma tare da sanannen bela a wancan lokacin.
Yana da ban sha'awa! An san Hound na Estonia a matsayin cikakkiyar nau'in asali ne kawai a cikin 1954, kuma bayan shekaru biyar an karɓi ƙa'idodin farko na irin wannan kare.
Bayan ɗan lokaci, har yanzu sun sami nasarar samun karnuka a cikin tsari mai kyau, ƙaƙƙarfa kuma mai ɗimbin yawa.
Bayanin houn Estonia
Kaman kamannin giragizai a bayyanar, hound na Estoniya na zamani a zahiri ɗan zuriya ne na wannan nau'in, amma a cikin bayyananninsa yana yiwuwa a iya ɗaukar wasu bambance-bambance sanannu. Daga cikin wasu abubuwa, "Estoniyanci" yana da alamun halaye kaɗan daban-daban da halayen aiki.
Matsayi na asali
Duk da cewa FCI ba ta yarda da wannan nau'in a hukumance ba, an kirkiro da ƙa'idodi don Hound na Estoniya, waɗanda ke bin tsarin kimanta dabba, gami da yankin ƙasar Rasha:
- index na elongation ya kasance 108-110 cm ga maza, kuma ga mata - a cikin 110-112 cm;
- halayyar dabba ta daidaita, amma tare da isasshen motsi;
- cranium yana da matsakaiciyar fadi kuma zagaye;
- akwai ɗan canji daga yankin parietal zuwa bakin bakin bakin ciki;
- bakin karen dogo ne kuma madaidaici;
- bayanin martaba na muzzle yana da sifa iri na rectangular;
- jijiyar hanci na da fadi sosai;
- lebe kwata-kwata ba sa faduwa, matattakan dacewa;
- idanu suna launin ruwan kasa mai duhu, tare da ɗan kaɗan saitawa;
- gefunan gashin ido yana da launi mai duhu;
- kunnuwa sun yi kasa, ba mai kauri ba kuma ba su da tsayi, tare da kewayawa ta halayya a karshen, nau'ikan rataye, tare da dogaro da kai;
- jikin dabba yana da wani irin wanda aka bayyana sosai;
- yankin wuyansa zagaye ne kuma murdashine, maimakon ya bushe;
- yankin thoracic yana da fadi da zurfi, galibi yana da siffofin ganga, yana kaiwa zuwa gwiwar hannu;
- Yankin dorsal mai cikakken fadi, madaidaiciya, tare da gajeren yanki mai fadi da fadi, muscular kuma ya shahara sosai;
- ciki yana ɗan tsaka-tsalle;
- gabar jiki sun bushe kuma suna da karfi, isasshen murdede;
- wsafafun hannu na sifa mai siffar oval, nau'ikan da aka harba, wanda aka tattara a cikin ƙwallo, tare da farata zuwa ƙasa;
- wutsiya, mai kauri a gindi, yana tattare da siraran sannu-sannu zuwa ƙarshen, ba fiye da wurin haɗin haɗin hock ba, fasalin saber mai siffa, an rufe shi da tsayinsa duka tare da gashi mai kauri;
- Gashi gajere ne har ma, da wuya da haske, tare da suturar da ba ta inganta sosai.
Gashi an bayyana ta da launin baƙar fata da launinsa mai ƙyalli a cikin ja, kuma girman baƙaƙen fata ba shi da iyakancewa ta mizanai. Kasancewar launin ruwan-kasa-kasa a cikin ja, da mulufi-balarabe da launin baki-da-fari abin karɓa ne. Hancin kowane launi dole ne ya zama baƙi. Tsayin balagaggen namiji a bushewa ya kai kimanin cm 45-52, kuma na ɓarna - a tsakanin 42-49 cm. A lokaci guda, nauyin ɓarna ya bambanta tsakanin kewayon 10-20, kuma na kare - a matakin 15-25 kg. Tsayin dabba a gindi ya kai kimanin santimita daya da rabi ƙasa da tsayin a bushe.
Halin kare
Hound na Estonia yana cikin rukunin karnukan masu hankali da aiki, amma kasancewar babu wata rauni a yayin kiwon dabbobi mai ƙafa huɗu na wannan nau'in ana amfani dashi koyaushe don amfanin sa. Tare da babban farin ciki, houn yana gudana cikin tsere tare da wasu karnuka ko kuma kawai tare da mai shi.
Babban matakin mugunta da ke damun karnukan Estoniya a gaban duk wani abin da zai gamu da shi, a sauƙaƙe yana ba wa kare damar samun kyakkyawan sakamako a kan farautar, amma babu zalunci ga mutane. Muguwar dabi'a ce ta ƙwararriyar sana'a, sabili da haka, a cikin gida, houn yana ƙoƙari ya nuna nutsuwa da daidaitaccen yanayi mai ban mamaki, da kuma taushi da kyakkyawar ɗabi'a.
Ana rarrabe wakilan wannan nau'in ta hanyar cikakken haƙuri ga yara na kowane zamani.... Amma gabaɗaya, farautar Estonia ƙawaye ne masu ƙwarewa waɗanda suke cikakke ga mutane masu himma da aiki. A kowane hali, yana da kyau a fara farautar farauta ne kawai idan zai yiwu a samar musu da babban motsa jiki a cikin iska mai tsabta.
Fa'idodin da ba za a iya musantawa ba na hound Estoniya masu tsabta sun haɗa da
- balaga da wuri da aka gada daga wakilan karnukan Switzerland;
- murya mai kyau kuma mai fa'ida;
- dabarun da ke halayyar beagle, kazalika da farautar Switzerland;
- kafafun kafa masu ƙarfi da aka gada daga beagles;
- ladabi cikin halayya da biyayya;
- juriya da sha'awar farauta, wanda aka gada daga farautar Rasha.
Yana da ban sha'awa! Wakilan jinsin, a matsayin doka, suna da sauƙin koya koyaushe, daidai kuma cikin sauri isa su iya haddace duk umarnin da mai shi ya bayar, kuma kuma sun san wurin da aka tsara don dabbobi mai ƙafa huɗu a cikin gidan.
Karnukan Estoniyanci a dabi'ance kare ne mai wayewa da kuzari tare da sanyin hali, wanda yake da sassauƙa a cikin ilimi da horo.
Tsawon rayuwa
Karnukan farashi na Estonia galibi suna da ƙoshin lafiya sosai, kuma matsakaiciyar rayuwar irin wannan dabbar dabbar tana da shekaru goma sha biyu. Koyaya, wakilan wannan nau'in sun bambanta da halayensu marasa nutsuwa, sabili da haka, suna buƙatar mahimman maganganu game da al'amuran rigakafin rauni da rigakafin kan kari.
Adana houn Estonia a gida
Hound na Estonia yana jin daɗi sosai a cikin yanayin gidan gida, amma da irin wannan abun cikin, yawo na yau da kullun kuma cikin tsari a cikin gandun daji ko wurin shakatawa suna da mahimmanci. Yin farauta tare da irin wannan kare yana bawa dabbar damar kulawa da haɓaka ƙwarewarta da kyau. Ana ba da izinin abun cikin Aviary kawai a lokacin dumi.
Kulawa da tsafta
Dangane da matakan kulawa da tsafta, babu wasu sifofi... Gashi na houn baya buƙatar takamaiman kulawa, saboda haka ya isa a tsabtace shi sau ɗaya kawai a wata tare da goga na yau da kullun ko safar hannu ta musamman tare da ƙyallen ƙyallen ƙira kafin hanyoyin ruwa na yau da kullun.
Yawan yankan farcenku ya dogara da tsayin su. Kawai rataye kunnuwan wakilan wakilai ke buƙatar haɓaka hankali, tunda tsarin su yana haɓaka haɗarin kamuwa da cututtuka daban-daban game da asalin datti.
Abincin hound na Estonia
Abincin houn Eston dole ne ya kasance ya kasance mai daidaitawa kuma yana da ƙima ƙwarai da gaske. Babbar dabba tana buƙatar ciyar da ita sau biyu a rana, bayan ,an shawarwari masu sauƙi:
- amfani da abinci mai ɗumi kaɗan a ciyarwa;
- shigar da ɗanyen nama a cikin menu;
- rashin manyan kashin kaji a abinci;
- kifi akan menu;
- amfani da kayan lambu a cikin hanyar dankali, karas, zucchini, beets da ganye;
- kari abinci da hatsi, lu'ulu'u da sha'ir mai dahu.
Yawancin masu mallakar Hound na Estonia sun fi son ciyar da dabbobin gidansu da kayan abinci masu tsada da inganci.
Cututtuka da lahani na asali
Relativelyananan ƙananan cututtukan cututtukan cuta sun kasance saboda tsarkin jini da ƙarancin ƙarfin mahaukatan Estoniya, kuma galibi ana lasafta cututtukan gado a matsayin cututtukan datti. Dysplasia, cututtukan zuciya, cataracts, da atrophy na kwayar ido ana iya daukar su azaman cututtukan da suka shafi shekaru.
Rashin fa'ida da mafi yawan karkacewa na yau da kullun a cikin Hound na Estonia ana iya wakiltar su ta:
- ƙarfi mai ƙarfi ko, akasin haka, jirgin ƙwanƙwasa;
- m canji (karaya) zuwa fuska;
- mawuyacin iko mai ƙarfi;
- hunchback;
- sama ko akasin haka, an rage maƙarƙashiya sosai;
- wuce gona da iri ko kuma karancin launi na hanci;
- ƙananan tashi;
- karancin launin lebe;
- lokacin farin ciki da / ko gajeren kunnuwa tare da dogon gashi;
- kunnuwa masu tsayi;
- rashi ko rashin alamar launi a kusa da idanu;
- smallananan idanu ko ƙura;
- tsayayye ko ƙananan kunnuwa;
- kunnuwa da aka ɗaga kan guringuntsi;
- heterochromia, shuɗi idanu;
- wuce gona da iri ko gajere, saggy fata;
- gajeren baya;
- dogon loin
- croup mai haske;
- hunchback ko sagging na baya ko ƙananan baya;
- madaidaici, kunkuntar, ko kirji mai siffa kamar ganga;
- ciki saggy;
- doguwa ko gajere, wadatacciya ko wuce haddi, tare da doguwar wutsiya mai gashi;
- jela mai ƙwanƙwasa da ƙwanƙwara;
- babban dakatarwa;
- lanƙwasa gwiwar hannu;
- karkacewa
- ma karkatattun fastoci;
- gajeren shins;
- otitis kafofin watsa labarai;
- rashin bayyana na sasanninta masu faɗi;
- sanya haɗin haɗin hock;
- tare da faratan shaho;
- wavy, dogon / gajere gashi;
- rashin sutura;
- launin ruwan kasa, launin kofi;
- blurry, blurry, kodadde spots a launi;
- rashin dimorphism na jima'i;
- tashin hankali, wawanci ko tsoro;
- duk wata matsalar rashin tabin hankali.
Yana da ban sha'awa! Lokacin zabar kwikwiyo, yana da mahimmanci a tuna cewa mutanen da ke da ƙoshin ido mai haske suna cikin haɗarin cutar kurumtar haihuwa ko cututtukan ido.
Ya kamata a sani cewa cin zarafin tsarin kulawa da kurakurai a cikin abincin ciyar da karnukan beagle, da kuma rashin isasshen motsa jiki, na iya zama babban dalilin ci gaba da mummunan nau'in hypothyroidism a cikin dabbar dabba.
Ilimi da horo
Manyan karnukan Estoniya na Estonia suna da daidaito da daidaitaccen hali, kuma suna da wayo sosai don nuna halin kirki da al'ada ba kawai a gida ba, har ma akan titi. Koyaya, ya zama dole a tayar da kwikwiyo na wannan nau'in kwata-kwata, ba tare da ɓarna da 'yanci da yawa ba. A gida, yana da matukar mahimmanci ga kwikwiyo ya hana hawa kan gado, kasancewa a teburin yayin cin abincin, da kuma watsar da kayan mai shi. Umarni kawai za'a basu cikin tsananin ƙarfi da isa mai ƙarfi.
Abu na farko da kake buƙatar horar da farauta shine karar ƙaho farauta.... Duk wani magudi tare da kare har ma da lamuran kulawa an warware shi kawai tare da taimakonsa. Sautin ƙaho ne ake kiran dabbobi mai ƙafa huɗu don ciyarwa ko don yawo da wasannin haɗin gwiwa. Ana amfani da karnukan Estonia a cikin farauta don hares da karnuka, saboda haka, kwata-kwata duk ƙoƙarin da ake yi na farautar dabba akan artiodactyls ko roe deer ya kamata a tsaurara sosai.
An haramta shi sosai a bawa babban kare ko kwikwiyo damar cin abinci ko wani abinci mai dadi daga hannun wanda bai dace ba, haka nan kuma karban soyayya daga bakin. A dabi'ance, fararen soraye suna da cikakkiyar amana ga baƙi, wanda ke sauƙaƙa matakan haɓaka da horar da kare farauta.
Sayi Hound na Estonia
Kafin neman wuri don siyan Estan ƙabilar Estonia ta Hob mai tsarkakakke, kuna buƙatar ƙayyade dalilin siyen. A matsayinka na abokin sadaukarwa, zaka iya sayan dabba wacce kawai ta dace da ƙa'idodi kuma tana da takardu. Idan akwai buƙatar nemo karen farauta mai kyau, sa'annan sayan kwikwiyo daga gogaggen mai kiwo ko kuma a cikin gandun daji na musamman ya kamata ya kasance tare da ƙwarewar ƙwarewar halayen halayen dabba.
Yana da ban sha'awa! Tsarin Hound na Estonia a halin yanzu ba safai yake ba, sabili da haka, ƙalilan kalilan ne ke tsunduma cikin kiwo irin waɗannan karnukan tsarkakakku.
Abin da za a nema
Lokacin zabar kwikwiyo, dole ne da farko ku kula da mahimman sharuɗɗan da yawa:
- samu takardar shedar deworming da allurar riga-kafi;
- samuwar takaddun da ke tabbatar da asalinsu;
- abinci mai kyau da son sani;
- babu alamun wata cuta;
- bin halaye na hankali da na jiki tare da ƙa'idodin ɗabi'a.
Puwararrun puan kwikwiyo na wannan nau'in ya kamata su sami tsokoki mai ƙarfi da ci gaba, ƙashi mai ƙarfi... Don wakilai masu alaƙa na jinsi, ƙwanƙolin kai da ɗan ƙaramin bakin bakin ciki halaye ne, har da hanci mai duhu mai duhu ko duhu.
Ana buƙatar saran scisor. Ya kamata kunnuwa su kasance masu zagaye kuma su rataye kai sosai. Ya kamata a ba da fifiko ga mutane masu idanu masu ruwan kasa. Thean kwikwiyo bai kamata ya zama mai jin kunya ko rashin son kai ba, kuma don kar ya yi kuskure, yana da kyau a danƙa zaɓar kare ga ƙwararrun masu kula da kare ko kuma ƙwararrun ƙwararrun.
Farashin kwikwiyo
Don amfani dashi a cikin farauta, yana da kyau a sayi puan kwikwiyo masu girma, kodayake, saboda rashin wadatar wannan nau'in, baƙon abu bane ga jarirai daga kwandon shara su tarwatsa har zuwa watanni biyu da haihuwa. Kudin ɗan kuruciya mai tsaran Estonia, tare da duk takaddun da ake buƙata, ya bambanta, a matsayin mai mulkin, a cikin kewayon 40-50 dubu rubles. Idan babu asalin, farashin wakilan wakilan na iya zama sananne sosai.
Binciken mai shi
Hound na Estonia da sauri ya sami farin jini mai ban mamaki a cikin mahaifarta, kuma a lokacin rugujewar Soviet Union ya zama sanannen sanannen sananne tsakanin mafarauta. Wakilan tsarkakakkun nau'ikan jinsin suna da babban jimiri, motsi mai kyau, hankali mai hankali da saurin fahimta.
A cewar masu mallakar karnukan Estoniya, irin wadannan karnukan suna da banbancin gaske daga lebba, saboda haka suna da jiki mai kyau da siriri, mai matukar biyayya da sauƙin horo, da sauƙin mu'amala da mutane, kuma suna da daidaito kuma suna da ikon kasancewa su kaɗai na dogon lokaci. Idan kare yayi atisaye sosai tun yana karami, to daga wata biyar zai iya fara aiki.
Yana da ban sha'awa!A yau, karnukan Estonia suna cikin nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan farautar farauta, kuma ana rarrabe su da kyawawan halaye na aiki da halaye masu kyau a gida. Bugu da ƙari ga farauta, wakilan nau'in ƙwararrun masu tsaro ne, abokai masu aminci da kuma abokan zama masu aminci ga mutum.
Kare mai lura baya buƙatar ƙarin kulawa ga kansa, amma yana buƙatar motsa jiki mai kyau, ba tare da shi ba yana da gundura sosai, wani lokacin ma yakan rasa abincinsa. Ofaya daga cikin karnukan wayo mafi kyawu kuma mafi kyawu ya wadatar ga sauran dabbobin gida, amma ba koyaushe yake iya zama tare da beraye da tsuntsaye ba, wanda hakan ya samo asali ne saboda ƙwarin gwiwar farauta.
