Katon gourami, ko na gaske ko na kasuwanci (Osphronemus goramy), shine mafi girman kifin gourami waɗanda masu sha'awar sha'awa ke ajiyewa a cikin akwatin ruwa.
A cikin yanayi, zai iya girma zuwa 60 cm, kuma bisa ga wasu tushe, har ma fiye da haka. Ya ɗan yi ƙasa kaɗan a cikin akwatin kifaye, kusan 40-45 cm, amma har yanzu babban kifi ne.
Babban wakilin kifi na labyrinth, nau'ikan har sun sami laƙabi a cikin mahaifarta - boar ruwa.
Wanda aka saba dashi a cikin Java da Borneo, yanzu ana yadu dashi ko'ina cikin Asiya azaman kifin kasuwanci.
Rayuwa a cikin yanayi
Gasepède ya fara bayyana ainihin gourami a cikin 1801. Ya rayu a Java, Boreno, Sumatra. Amma yanzu yankin ya fadada sosai.
Jinsin ya yadu sosai, a yanayi da kuma a magudanan ruwa kuma ba sa fuskantar barazana. A cikin ƙasashe da yawa, gami da Ostiraliya, ana kiɗa shi azaman nau'in kasuwanci. Ana ɗaukar sa mai mahimmanci tushen abinci a Asiya.
Jinsin na halittar Osphronemus ne, wanda ya hada da jinsuna hudu. Ban da shi, ana kuma samun katuwar gourami mai jan-wuta a cikin akwatin kifaye.
Babban gourami yana zaune a falon yanki, inda suke rayuwa a cikin manyan koguna, tabkuna, da kuma lokacin damina a cikin dazuzzuka da ambaliyar ruwa.
Hakanan ana samunsa a cikin ruwa mai tsafta, har ma a wuraren dausayi.
Wasu lokuta ana samun ainihin ko da a cikin ruwa ne. Amma duk waɗannan wuraren an haɗa su da yalwar ciyawa da yalwar abinci.
Suna ciyar da kan kananan kifi, kwadi, tsutsotsi har ma da gawa, ma'ana, masu komai.
Bayani
A matsayinka na ƙa'ida, ana siyar da waɗannan kifin tun suna ƙuruciya, kimanin girman cm 8. Yaran yara suna da kyan gani mai kyau - suna da madaurin kaifi, da launi mai haske tare da ratsi mai duhu a jiki.
Manya, a gefe guda, sun zama masu ɗaurewa, fari ko duhu. Suna haɓaka goshi (musamman a cikin maza), leɓu masu kauri, da kuma muƙamuƙi mai nauyi.
Jikin kifin an matse shi daga bangarorin, yana da siffa mai kyau, kai ba shi da kyau. A cikin yara, kai yana nuna kuma yana da faɗi, amma manya suna da haɗuwa a goshinsa, leɓu masu kauri da muƙamuƙi mai kauri.
Gaban maza ya fi na mata girma, amma mace na da lebe. Fashin ƙashin ƙugu na filiform ne. Kamar sauran nau'o'in gourami, manya manyan kifi ne na labyrinth kuma suna iya shakar iskar oxygen.
A dabi'a, suna girma zuwa 60-70 cm, amma a cikin akwatin kifaye suna da ƙanana, da wuya fiye da cm 40. Gurami na iya haihuwa a lokacin yana ɗan wata shida, lokacin da girmansa yakai cm 12 kawai.
Suna rayuwa na dogon lokaci, kimanin shekaru 20 kenan.
Yaran yara suna da fincin rawaya da ratsi masu duhu 8 zuwa 8 a cikin jiki. Launi ya dushe yayin da suka tsufa kuma sun zama baƙi masu launin ruwan hoda ko ruwan hoda. Amma sakamakon zabi, duk sabbin nau'ikan canza launi suna bayyana.
Wahala cikin abun ciki
Wannan kifi ne mai sauƙin kiyayewa, abu ɗaya kawai - girman. Za'a iya ba da shawarar ga masanan ruwa da suka ci gaba waɗanda ke da manyan tankuna, matattara masu ƙarfi, tun da ƙaton gourami yana da mutunci kuma, bisa ga haka, yana da yawa shara.
Suna da ban sha'awa don halayensu, wanda a bayansa ana iya ganin hankali kuma tsawon rayuwa, wani lokacin sama da shekaru 20.
Ba shi da wahala a kiyaye, amma saboda girmansa, yana buƙatar babban akwatin kifaye, kusan lita 800.
Idan kun riƙe da yawa, ko tare da wasu kifin, ƙarar ya kamata ya fi girma. Ya kai girman girmansa a cikin shekaru 4-4.5.
Kodayake suna da girma sosai, suna riƙe da kowane ɗayansu, zasu gane mai shi, koda suna cin abinci daga hannu.
Ciyarwa
Katuwar gourami mai komai ne. A dabi'a, suna cin ciyawar ruwa, kifi, kwari, kwadi, tsutsotsi, har ma da gawa. A cikin akwatin kifaye, bi da bi, kowane nau'in abinci, banda su, burodi, dafaffen dankali, hanta, jatan lande, da kayan lambu iri-iri.
Abinda kawai shine yakamata a bada zuciya da sauran naman masu shayarwa, tunda kifin baya cinye nau'in protein din.
Gabaɗaya, mai cin abinci ne mara kyau, kuma, kodayake yana da asali mafarauci, zai ci kowane irin abinci idan ya saba da shi. Suna ciyarwa sau daya ko sau biyu a rana.
Adana cikin akwatin kifaye
Giran gourami suna rayuwa a cikin dukkan matakan ruwa a cikin akwatin kifaye, kuma tunda wannan babban kifi ne, babbar matsalar shine girma. Babban kifin yana buƙatar akwatin kifaye na lita 800 ko fiye. Ba su da ma'ana, suna tsayayya da cuta da kyau, kuma suna iya rayuwa cikin yanayi daban-daban.
Yana ɗayan kifayen labyrinth kalilan waɗanda zasu iya jure ruwan daɗaɗa. Amma ba za su iya rayuwa cikin gishiri gaba ɗaya ba.
Ana buƙatar matattara mai ƙarfi don kulawa, tunda gourami yana haifar da datti da yawa, kuma suna son ruwa mai tsafta. Hakanan muna buƙatar canje-canje na mako-mako, kimanin 30%
Kifin yana da girma kuma yana aiki, yana buƙatar ƙarancin kayan ado da shuke-shuke don ya iya iyo ba tare da matsala ba. Don mafaka, ya fi kyau a yi amfani da manyan duwatsu da itacen busasshe, kuma tsire-tsire suna buƙatar mafi tsayayyar, misali, anubias, tunda ga ƙaton abinci ne kawai.
Sigogin ruwa suna da canji sosai, yawan zafin jiki daga 20 zuwa 30 ° С, ph: 6.5-8.0, 5 - 25 dGH.
Karfinsu
Gaba ɗaya kifi mai kyau don adana shi da manyan kifaye. Yaran yara za su iya faɗa da juna, yayin da manya ke iyakance ga rikice-rikice a cikin salon sumbatar gourami.
Girmansa da son zuciyar sa sun ba katon damar cin ƙananan kifi, saboda haka za'a iya ajiye shi kawai a matsayin abinci.
Yawancin lokaci ana zaman lafiya tare da sauran manyan kifaye, suna iya zama masu rikici idan tankin ya yi ƙarami kaɗan.
Kyawawan maƙwabta a gare su za su kasance masu kwaɗaɗɗu, pterygoplichtas, da wuka mai rauni. Idan sun yi girma a cikin akwatin kifaye ɗaya tare da sauran kifin, to komai zai zama daidai, amma kuna buƙatar fahimtar cewa sunyi la'akari da nasu, kuma yayin ƙara sabon kifin, matsaloli na iya farawa.
Bambancin jima'i
Namiji yana da tsayi da tsinkayen cinya da tsuliya.
Manya ma maza suna da dunkule a kawunansu, kuma mata suna da leɓe masu kauri fiye da na maza.
Kiwo
Kamar yawancin gourami, a halin yanzu, kiwo yana farawa ta gina gida daga kumfa da tsire-tsire, ƙarƙashin ruwa. Sake haifuwa a cikin kanta bashi da wahala, yana da wahala a sami kwalin spawning na madaidaicin girman.
Yana sa aikin ya ɗan sauƙaƙa cewa katuwar gourami na iya haifuwa tun farkon watanni 6 bayan haihuwa, lokacin da ya kai girman kusan 12 cm.
A dabi'a, namiji yakan gina gida daga kumfa. Zai iya zama daban-daban, amma yawanci yana da 40 cm faɗi kuma 30 cm tsayi.
Entranceofar madauwari, 10 a diamita, koyaushe tana nuna maɓallin mafi zurfi. Ragewa na iya faruwa a cikin shekara, kodayake galibi a cikin Afrilu-Mayu.
Namiji yana ɗaukar kwanaki 10 don gina gida, wanda zai ɗora a itacen danshi a zurfin 15-25 cm ƙasa da saman ruwa.
A lokacin haihuwa, mace na yin kwai daga 1500 zuwa 3000, kwai sun fi ruwa sauki kuma suna shawagi zuwa saman, inda namijin ya dauke shi ya aika zuwa gida.
Bayan awanni 40, soya ta fito daga ciki, wanda namijin zai kiyaye na wasu makonni biyu.
