Akhal-Teke doki - dadadden zamani kuma mafi kyawu a duniya. Wannan nau'in ya samo asali ne daga Turkmenistan a zamanin Soviet, sannan daga baya ya bazu zuwa yankin Kazakhstan, Russia, Uzbekistan. Ana iya samun wannan nau'in na dawakai a kusan dukkan ƙasashe, daga Turai zuwa Asiya, a cikin Amurka, har ma da Afirka.
Asalin jinsin da bayanin
Hotuna: Akhal-Teke doki
A yau, akwai nau'ikan dawakai sama da 250 a cikin duniya waɗanda 'yan adam suka ɗaukaka tun ƙarnuka da yawa. Nau'in Akhal-Teke yana tsayawa shi kaɗai a matsayin mai sintirin kiwon doki. Ya ɗauki fiye da shekaru dubu uku don ƙirƙirar wannan nau'in. Ba a san takamaiman ranar bayyanar farko na nau'in Akhal-Teke ba, amma farkon abin da aka ambata ya samo asali ne tun ƙarni na 4 zuwa 3 kafin haihuwar Yesu. Bucephalus, dokin da Alexander ya fi so, shi ne dokin Akhal-Teke.
An ba da asirin haifuwa daga uba zuwa ga ɗa. Doki shine babban abokin su kuma mafi kusa. Dawakan Akhal-Teke na zamani sun gaji mafi kyawun sifofin kakanninsu. Abin alfahari da 'yan Turkmens, dawakai na Akhal-Teke wani ɓangare ne na alamar jihar Turkmenistan.
Bidiyo: Akhal-Teke doki
Dawakan Akhal-Teke sun fito ne daga tsohuwar dawakin Turkmen, wanda shine ɗayan "nau'ikan" dawakai na asali guda huɗu waɗanda suka ƙetare Bering Strait daga Amurka a zamanin da. Asalin mutanen Turkmens ne suka kirkireshi. A halin yanzu, dawakai na Akhal-Teke suna zaune a wasu lardunan kudu na tsohuwar USSR.
Akhal-Teke dokin wani nau'in Turkmen ne wanda ke faruwa a yankin kudanci na ƙasar Turkmenistan ta zamani. Waɗannan dawakai an san su da dawakai masu dawakai da dawakai na tsawon shekaru 3000. Dawakai na Akhal-Teke suna da babban motsi na halitta kuma doki ne na musamman a wannan yanki. Dokin Akhal-Teke ya samo asali ne daga busasshiyar muhallin muhalli.
A cikin tarihinta, ya sami suna don kyakkyawan juriya da ƙarfin hali. Mabuɗin ƙarfin halin dawakai na Akhal-Teke abinci ne wanda bashi da ƙarancin abinci amma yana da furotin mai yawa, kuma galibi ya haɗa da man shanu da ƙwai waɗanda aka gauraya da sha'ir. A yau ana amfani da dawakai na Akhal-Teke don nunawa da sutura ban da amfanin yau da kullun a ƙarƙashin sirdi.
Yankin kansa ba shi da yawa kuma nau'in 17 ne ke wakiltar shi:
- posman;
- gelishikli;
- ale;
- gonar jihar-2;
- Kamfanin teledi;
- ak belek;
- ak sakal;
- melekush;
- gallop;
- kir sakar;
- caplan;
- fakirpelvan;
- sulfur;
- Balarabe;
- gundogar;
- perrine;
- karlavach.
Ana yin ganewa ta hanyar nazarin DNA kuma an ba dawakai lambar rajista da fasfo. Thoroughbred Akhal-Teke dawakan suna cikin Littafin Ingantaccen Jiha.
Bayyanar abubuwa da fasali
Hoto: Yadda dokin Akhal-Teke yake
An rarrabe dokin Akhal-Teke ta busassun tsarin mulki, bayyanar karin haske, fata siririya, galibi tare da ƙarfe na taguwa, doguwar wuya tare da shugaban haske. Akan iya ganin dawakan Akhal-Teke da idanun gaggafa. Ana amfani da wannan nau'in don hawan dawakai kuma yana da matukar wahala ga aikin. Hawa hawa akan wakilan Akhal-Teke zasuyi farin ciki koda ma kwararren mahaya ne, suna motsawa a hankali kuma suna kiyaye kansu daidai, ba tare da girgiza ba.
Dawakai na Akhal-Teke suna da tsokoki irin na sirara da ƙasusuwa. Jikinsu galibi ana kwatantashi da na doki mai toka ko kuma cheetah - yana da siririn akwati da kirji mai zurfi. Siffar fuskokin dokin Akhal-Teke na da faɗi ko kuma ɗan kaɗan, amma wasu suna kama da muz. Tana iya samun idanun almond ko idanunta masu ɗauka.
Dokin yana da sirara, dogayen kunnuwa da baya, jiki kwance da kafaɗɗun kafaɗa. Gashinta da jelarta ba su da yawa kuma siriri ne. Gabaɗaya, wannan doki yana da alamun taurin kai da ƙarfi. A zahiri, ana ɗauka rashin haɗari ga wannan nau'in ya zama mai ƙiba ko rauni sosai. Dawakan Akhal-Teke suna shaawa da ire-irensu da launuka masu ban mamaki. Colorsananan launuka da aka samo a cikin irin su: barewa, maraice, isabella, launin toka da hankaka, ruwan zinare, ja, kuma kusan dukkan launuka suna da zinaren ƙarfe ko azurfa.
Ina dokin Akhal-Teke yake zaune?
Hotuna: Black Akhal-Teke doki
Dokin Akhal-Teke dan asalin hamadar Kara-Kum ne da ke kasar Turkmenistan, amma yawansu ya ragu tunda aka kawo wasu daga cikin kyawawan dawakai zuwa Rasha a karkashin mulkin Soviet. Turkmen ba za su taɓa rayuwa ba tare da dawakan Akhal-Teke ba, kuma akasin haka. Turkmen sune farkon mutane a cikin hamada don ƙirƙirar doki cikakke ga mahalli. Makasudin yau shine gwadawa da yawaitar waɗannan dawakai.
Dokin Akhal-Teke na zamani shine cikakken sakamakon wanzuwar ingantacciyar ka'ida, wacce ke aiki tsawon shekaru dubu. Sun sha wahalar muhallin da ba'a taba ganin irin sa ba da kuma jarabawar iyayen gidansu.
Don sanya kyakkyawar dokin Akhal-Teke doki mai kayatarwa ya zama abin birgewa, kuna buƙatar yin wanka koyaushe tare da gyara dokin ku. Kowane zama na gyarawa zai ba wa waɗannan dabbobi hankalin da suke buƙata kuma zai ƙarfafa danƙonku da dokinku.
Za a iya amfani da kayan aikin gyaran dawakai masu mahimmanci, gami da shamfu na doki, mai kwabon kwabo, buroshi, tsefewa, ruwan kwalliya, man shafawa, burushin wutsiya, da burushi na jiki don cire datti, yawan gashi da sauran tarkace daga jiki dawakai.
Menene dokin Akhal-Teke suke ci?
Hotuna: Farin Akhal-Teke
Dawakan Akhal-Teke na ɗaya daga cikin 'yan tsirarun nau'in dawakai a duniya waɗanda aka ciyar da abinci na nama da ƙoshin nama don magance mummunan yanayin rayuwa (da galibi mara ciyawa) a cikin Turkmenistan. Yan Turkmen sun fahimci horon doki sosai; haɓaka aikin dabba, suna sarrafa rage abincinsa, musamman ruwa, zuwa mafi ƙarancin abin mamaki. An maye gurbin busassun alfalfa da yankakken yanki, kuma hatsin sha'ir ɗinmu guda huɗu ana haɗuwa da naman laushi.
Anan ga mafi kyawun nau'ikan abinci a gare su:
- ciyawa ita ce abincinsu na yau da kullun kuma tana da kyau ga tsarin narkewa (duk da cewa ki kiyaye idan dokinki ya ci ciyawa da yawa a cikin bazara, saboda wannan na iya haifar da laminitis). Tabbatar cewa kun share duk wani tsire-tsire wanda zai iya cutar da dawakai daga makiyayarku;
- ciyawa tana kiyaye doki lafiya kuma tsarin narkewar abinci yana aiki sosai, musamman a lokacin watanni masu sanyi daga kaka zuwa farkon bazara lokacin da babu makiyaya;
- 'ya'yan itatuwa ko kayan marmari - waɗannan suna ƙara danshi a abinci. Cikakken adadin karas ɗin da ya dace shi ne manufa;
- Mai da hankali - Idan doki ya tsufa, saurayi, mai shayarwa, mai ciki ko kuma takara, likitan dabbobi na iya ba da shawarar mai da hankali kamar hatsi, hatsi, sha'ir da masara. Wannan yana ba dokin kuzari. Ka tuna cewa zai iya zama haɗari idan ka haɗu da adadin da bai dace ba ko haɗuwa, haifar da rashin daidaituwa a cikin ma'adanai.
Fasali na ɗabi'a da salon rayuwa
Hotuna: Akhal-Teke nau'in dawakai
Dokin Akhal-Teke wani irin nau'in yanayi ne mai matukar wahalar gaske wanda ya dace da yanayin mawuyacin halin mahaifarta. Tana yin kyau a kusan kowane yanayi. Mai nutsuwa da daidaitaccen mahayi, dokin Akhal-Teke koyaushe yana faɗakarwa, amma ba mai sauƙi ba ne don tuƙi, saboda haka bai dace da mahaya masu zuwa ba. Wasu masu mallaka suna cewa dawakai na Akhal-Teke karnukan dangi ne a cikin kawancen duniya wadanda ke nuna matukar kauna ga mai gidan.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa: Dokin Akhal-Teke yana da wayo da sauri don horo, mai saukin kai, mai sauƙin hali kuma sau da yawa yana haɓaka ƙulla ƙarfi da mai shi, wanda ya sa shi "mai hawa ɗaya" doki.
Wani fasalin ban sha'awa na dokin Akhal-Teke shine lynx. Tunda wannan nau'in ya fito ne daga hamada mai yashi, ana ɗaukar saurinsa mai laushi harma da bazara, tare da alamu a tsaye da kuma yanayin gudana. Doki yana da motsi mai laushi kuma baya lilo da jiki. Bugu da kari, jerk dinta yana tashi sama babu kakkautawa, gallon nata doguwa ne kuma mai sauki, kuma ana iya daukar matakin tsalle nata a matsayin mara kyau.
Dokin Akhal-Teke mai hankali ne, mai saurin koyo da taushi, amma kuma yana iya zama mai saurin ji, kuzari, jarumi da taurin kai. Dogon, sauri, saurin tafiya da santsi na dokin Akhal-Teke ya sa ya zama doki mafi kyau don gasa ta jimiri da tsere. Hannun wasan nata kuma ya sa ta dace da sutura da nunawa.
Tsarin zamantakewa da haifuwa
Hotuna: Akhal-Teke doki
Kimanin shekaru 10,000 da suka wuce, lokacin da kwararowar hamada ta mamaye yankin Asiya ta Tsakiya, dawakai masu dawakai waɗanda ke zaune a ƙasan makiyaya sun fara rikidewa zuwa dawakai marasa daɗi amma masu tauri da ke zaune a Turkmenistan a yau. Yayinda abinci da ruwa ke ƙasa da ƙasa, sai aka maye gurbin adon mai nauyi da wanda ya fi wuta.
Wuyan da suka fi tsayi, da kan da ya fi tsayi, da manyan idanu, da kuma dogon kunnuwa sun bunkasa don inganta karfin dokin gani, jin wari da jin masu farauta a fadin filayen da ke kara budewa.
Launin zinare wanda ya yawaita tsakanin dawakai na Akhal-Teke sun samar da kyautuka masu kyau akan asalin yankin hamada. Godiya ga zabin yanayi, an kirkiro wani nau'in da zai zama abin alfahari da Turkmenistan.
Dawakai na Akhal-Teke suna da kiwo sosai saboda haka basu da bambancin halittu.
Wannan hujja tana sa nau'in ya zama mai saukin kamuwa da matsalolin lafiya da dama.
Misali:
- matsaloli tare da ci gaban kashin bayan mahaifa, wanda kuma aka fi sani da ciwon ƙwanƙwasa;
- cryptorchidism - rashin kwaya daya ko biyu a cikin mahaifa, wanda ke sa haifuwa ta zama mai wahala kuma tana iya haifar da wasu matsalolin halayya da na lafiya;
- rashin lafiyar marainiya, wanda ke haifar da haihuwar jarirai marasa gashi, tare da lahani a haƙori da haƙoran baki da halin haifar da matsaloli daban-daban na narkewa, zafi da ƙari.
Abokan gaba na dawakai na Akhal-Teke
Hoto: Yadda dokin Akhal-Teke yake
Dawakai na Akhal-Teke ba su da abokan gaba na zahiri, suna da kariya sosai daga duk wani mai son cutar su. Kabilar Akhal-Teke galibi ita ce irin wacce za a iya amfani da ita cikin nasara a duk shirye-shiryen kiwo da na kiwo mai kyau don inganta juriya, dumi, juriya, saurin gudu da sassauci kuma zai kasance mai aminci da saukin kai ga mahayi ko mai mallakar ni'ima.
Haramcin fitar da kayayyaki daga Tarayyar Soviet ya taka rawa wajen raguwar yawan dawakin Akhal-Teke, rashin kuɗi da kula da jinsin kuma ya yi tasiri.
Wadansu suna jayayya cewa samuwar da ba ta dace ba, galibi ana nuna ta a wuyan tumaki, tsari mai sikila, jikin tubular da ya wuce kima, wanda galibi ba shi da abinci mai gina jiki, mai yiwuwa kuma bai taimaka wa wannan nau'in ba.
Amma nau'in Akhal-Teke yana ci gaba, kuma kodayake galibi ana yin su ne don tsere a Rasha da Turkmenistan, a halin yanzu yawancin masu kiwo a halin yanzu ana zabarsu don samun daidaito da ake so, halin, karfin tsalle, wasan motsa jiki da motsi wanda zai inganta ikon su na yin kyau da gasa. tare da cin nasara a fannin horo na dawakai.
Yawan jama'a da matsayin jinsin
Hotuna: Akhal-Teke doki a Rasha
Tsohon dokin Turkmen ya fi sauran nau'o'in zamani har dokin yana cikin buƙata. Turkmen sun yi duk mai yiwuwa don hana yaduwar yaduwar shahararrun dawakansu. Koyaya, sun sami nasarar adana kyawawan halaye da kyawun dokin ƙasarsu.
Har zuwa kwanan nan, ba a san su ba a wajen ƙasarsu, Turkmenistan. A yau akwai kusan dawakai 6,000 na Akhal-Teke a duniya, galibi a Rasha da ƙasarsu ta Turkmenistan, inda dokin wata taska ce ta ƙasa.
A yau dokin Akhal-Teke shine farkon haɗuwa da nau'ikan halittu daban-daban. An ci gaba da horar da takwarorinsu na Farisa a cikin yanayin kiwo kuma har yanzu ana iya gano su a matsayin jinsin daban, kodayake cakuda tsakanin jinsuna koyaushe yakan faru.
Wannan dokin yana samun karbuwa sannu a hankali a duniya, kamar yadda binciken DNA ya nuna cewa jininsa yana gudana a cikin duk nau'in dawakanmu na zamani. Taimakawar kwayar halitta tana da girma sosai, labarinta na soyayya ne, kuma mutanen da suka tashe su suna rayuwa kamar yadda suke yi shekaru 2000 da suka gabata.
Akhal-Teke doki Wani nau'in dawakai ne na dindindin wanda shine alamar ƙasa ta Turkmenistan. Tsarin girman kan jinsin ya samo asali ne tun zamanin da da kuma Girka ta da. Wannan nau'in shine mafi tsaran dawaki mai tsabta a duniya kuma ya kasance sama da shekaru dubu uku. A yau waɗannan dawakai ana ɗaukar su da kyau ga hawa. Ana kiran sa sau da yawa kamar doki mai hawa ɗaya saboda ya ƙi zama komai ban da mai shi na gaskiya.
Ranar bugawa: 11.09.2019
Ranar sabuntawa: 25.08.2019 a 1:01
