Tsichlazoma severum (lat Heros severus) ya shahara sosai tsakanin masu ba da labarin ruwa da ƙwararru. Sun yi kama da danginsu na nesa, diski, tunda suma suna da jiki mai tsayi da matsattse.
Don kamannin ta na waje, har ma ana yiwa cichlazoma laƙabi da discus na ƙarya. Akwai launuka daban-daban a ko'ina, a wannan lokacin an bambance bambancin daban-daban, amma mafi shaharar da kyau sune cichlazoma severum ja lu'u lu'u da shuɗi.
Lu'u lu'u lu'u lu'u yana da jiki mai launin rawaya, tare da ɗigo-ɗigo ja masu haske a warwatse a kanta. Emerald mai shuɗi yana da shuɗi mai duhu tare da Emerald sheen da wuraren duhu.
Gabaɗaya, abun cikin jan lu'u-lu'u da shuɗin Emeralds ba shi da banbanci da abun da aka saba da shi, sai dai cewa sigogin cikin akwatin kifaye yakamata su fi karko.
Baya ga kyawawan kamanninsu, suna da ban sha'awa cikin ɗabi'a, wanda kuma ke jan hankalin mashigin ruwa. Ba su da rikici fiye da yawancin cichlids kuma suna buƙatar ƙaramin fili.
Lokaci kawai da zasu nuna zalunci shine a lokacin ɓatancin, kuma sauran lokutan suna zaune lafiya tare da kifi mai girman girma. Tabbas, bai kamata ku adana su da ƙananan kifi ba.
Waɗannan kifayen da ba su da ma'ana sosai a cikin kiyayewa, tabbas ba su da buƙata kamar tatsuniyar gargajiya. Idan kifin aquarist zai iya ƙirƙirar yanayin da ake buƙata a gare su kuma a kullun kula da akwatin kifaye, to, za su faranta masa rai tsawon shekaru.
Sun fi son ruwa mai laushi da matsakaiciyar haske, yana da mahimmanci a rufe akwatin kifaye, kifin ya yi tsalle sosai.
Rayuwa a cikin yanayi
Cichlazoma severum an fara bayyana shi a cikin 1840. Tana zaune ne a Kudancin Amurka, a cikin kogin Orinoco, kogunan Colombia da Venezuela, da kuma saman Rio Negro.
Yana ciyar da yanayi a kan kwari, soya, algae, zooplankton da detritus.
Bayani
A cikin tsaka-tsakin yanayi, kamar ainihin diski, jiki yana sama kuma an matse shi ta gefe, tare da tsinkayen tsuliya da ƙuraje. Wannan ƙaramar (dangane da sauran cichlases) cichlid, yana kaiwa 20 cm a cikin yanayi, a cikin akwatin kifaye kusan 15.
Tsammani na rayuwa ya kai kimanin shekaru 10.
Launi na yanayi - jikin koren jiki, tare da ciki mai ruwan zinariya. An rarrabe yara da launi marar ma'ana; ratsi takwas masu duhu suna gudana tare da jikin duhu, waɗanda ke ɓace yayin da kifin ya balaga.
Kamar yadda aka ambata, yanzu akwai bambancin launi daban-daban, amma mafi shaharar da kyau sune lu'lu'u ja da Emeralds shuɗi.
Wahala cikin abun ciki
Daya daga cikin shahararrun cichlids a cikin nishaɗin akwatin kifaye. Duk da cewa suna da kyau ga masu farawa da masu sha'awar sha'awa gaba daya, yana da mahimmanci a tuna cewa su manyan kifayen da suke girma da sauri.
Idan kun ƙirƙira mata yanayin da suka dace, kuma kuka zauna da maƙwabta masu girma iri ɗaya, to ba za ta haifar da wata matsala ba.
Ciyarwa
Kifaye suna da komai kuma suna cin duk nau'ikan abincin kifin akwatin kifaye. Allon kankara don babban cichlids (zai fi dacewa da abun ciki na zare, kamar su spirulina) na iya zama tushen ciyarwa.
Bugu da kari, ba da abinci kai tsaye ko na daskararre: duka manya - tsutsotsi, shrimps, fillets kifi, da ƙanana - tubifex, dorin jini, gammarus.
Yana da mahimmanci musamman a ciyar da abincin tsirrai, tunda kifi a cikin yanayi yafi cinye shi. Zai iya zama ko dai abinci na musamman ko kayan lambu - kokwamba, zucchini, salad.
Ba kwa buƙatar ciyarwa sau da yawa akan naman dabbobi kamar zuciya mai naman sa. Irin wannan naman ba shi narkewa sosai ta cikin kifin yana haifar da kiba da cuta.
Zai fi kyau a ciyar da cichlaz a kananan kaso sau biyu a rana, ana kokarin kada a wuce gona da iri, tunda kifin yana da saurin kamawa.
Adana cikin akwatin kifaye
Severums ƙananan ƙananan cichlids ne, amma har yanzu suna da dangantaka da sauran kifin. Don kulawa, kuna buƙatar akwatin kifaye na lita 200 ko fiye, kuma mafi girman shi, ƙimar kifin zata kasance da nutsuwa.
Suna son ruwa mai tsafta da ƙaramin kwarara, wanda za'a ƙirƙira shi ta amfani da matatar waje. Tabbatar da sauya ruwa akai-akai da ruwa mai kyau da siphon ƙasa don cire ragowar abinci.
Yi ƙoƙarin haskaka akwatin kifaye a hankali, zaka iya sanya shuke-shuke masu iyo a saman ruwan. Kifin yana jin kunya kuma yana iya tsalle daga ruwa idan ya firgita.
Hanya mafi sauki ita ce a samar da akwatin kifaye a cikin hanyar biotope ta Kudancin Amurka. Soilasa mai yashi, manyan duwatsu da busasshiyar itace - wannan shine yanayin da cichlazoma zai ji daɗi. Fallen ganye a ƙasan, misali, itacen oak ko beech, kammala hoton.
Na dabam, mun lura cewa masu rarrafe ba sa abokantaka da tsire-tsire, wasu masoya suna kula da kiyaye su da nau'ikan nau'ikan tauri, amma a zahiri tsire-tsire zasu sami rabo mara kyau, za'a hallaka su.
An shirya daidaitattun maganganun karya zuwa sigogi daban-daban na ruwa a cikin akwatin kifaye, amma waɗanda suka dace zasu kasance: zazzabi 24-28C, ph: 6.0-6.5, 4-10 dGH.
Karfinsu
Ya kamata a kiyaye shi da kifi mai kama da ɗabi'a da girma. Ana ganin ƙananan kifi azaman abinci. Kodayake cichlids na Amurka ba su da rikici fiye da na Afirka, amma har yanzu yana da mahimmanci akwatin kifaye yana da fadi.
Sannan zasu sami yankunansu, wanda zasu kare. Wurinsu da manyan maƙwabta suna rage tashin hankali na cichlids.
Suna tare da kyau tare da sauran matsakaitan cichlids - masu ratsin baki, masu tawali'u, kudan zuma. Hakanan tare da kifin kifin - synodontis mai rufe fuska, plecostomus, baggill.
Bambancin jima'i
Bambanta mace da namiji yana da wuyar gaske, har ma masanan rafin ruwa suna rikicewa. Mace tana da tabo mai duhu akan dorsal fin, kuma babu wata tabo a cikin operculum - dige-dige a warwatse (mace tana da daidai, launi iri ɗaya maimakon ɗigo-digo).
Namiji yana da kaifin tsintsiya da ƙoshin bayanta da kuma goshi mafi shahara.
Yana da wahala musamman don tantance jima'i na siffofi masu haske, kamar ja lu'ulu'u, tunda galibi babu ɗigo a kan gill.
Kiwo
Kamar yawancin cichlids, Disarya ta ƙarya tana kula da zuriya kuma suna kula da soya. An kirkiro ma'aurata na dogon lokaci, kuma da yake sau da yawa yana da matukar wuya a banbanta namiji da mace, sai su dauki 6-8 su soya su tayar da su tare, kifin zai zabi biyu wa kansu.
Severums na iya yaduwa a sigogin ruwa daban-daban, amma mafi nasara cikin ruwa mai laushi, tare da pH na kusan 6 da kuma zafin jiki na 26-27 ° C. Hakanan, farkon haifuwa ana sauƙaƙa shi ta sauye-sauyen ruwa mai yawa tare da ruwa mai kyau.
Mafi yawan lokuta severums suna furewa a cikin akwatin kifaye wanda suke rayuwa a ciki, amma yakamata ayi la'akari da cewa a wannan lokacin ta'addancin nasu yana ƙaruwa. Suna son sa ƙwai a kan dutsen da ke kan ƙasa ko itacen busasshe. Mace tana yin kwai kusan 1000
to, Namiji yana taki su kuma iyayen duka suna kula da ƙwai kuma suna soya.
Bayan sun yi iyo, iyayen sun kiyaye shi, suna ba shi damar cin abincin a kan naplii mai ƙarancin ruwa, abinci na wucin gadi, da microworm.
Hakanan, soya na iya tatsa wani sirri na musamman daga fatar iyayen, wanda suke ɓoyewa musamman don ciyarwa. Iyaye na iya kula da soya har zuwa makonni 6 da haihuwa.
