Hannun fikafikan hayaki (Elanus scriptus) na tsarin Falconiformes ne.
Alamomin waje na hayakin hayaki mai fuka-fukai
Itearamin hayaki mai juzu'i yana da girman 37 cm. Fukafukan fikafikan ya kasance 84 zuwa 89 cm.
Nauyin 291x 427 g.
Wannan karamar farar fatar mai cin gashin kanta tare da babban zagaye kai, dogon fuka-fukai, ba wutsiya mai kaifi da ke da gefen kaifi ba. Yana da kyan gani, musamman lokacin da yake zaune kamar bahar teku.
A cikin manya tsuntsaye, sassan sama na jiki galibi launuka ne masu kalar ruwan toka, ya bambanta da fuka-fukan gashin baki na reshe da kuma da karamin tabo. Wutsiya launin toka mai haske ne. Launin toka wani lokacin yana da launin ruwan kasa. A gaban, kaho da goshin suna fari. Fuskar gaba daya fari ce, kwatankwacin fuskar mujiya, wataƙila saboda baƙin tabo da ke kusa da ƙasan idanun sun fi haɓaka. Ideasan jikin mutum fari ne. Manya murfin saman baƙi ne. Fuka-fukan jirgin sama launin toka ne masu duhu. Arƙashin gashin fuka-fuki fari ne zuwa fari-fatsi tare da ɓataccen ɓataccen fasalin harafin harafin "M" ko "W".
Bakin baki baki ne. Iris na ido jan yakutu ne. Kakin zuma, kafafuwan pinkish-cream.
Wurin zama na kayan shaye-shaye na hayaƙi
Ana samun kitsen hayaki mai fika-fikai a tsakanin bishiyoyi kusa da koguna. Mazaunan bushe bushe bushewa tare da bishiyoyi masu kauri, da kuma yankuna da yawa masu bushe bushe a buɗe. Tare da raguwar albarkatun abinci, tsuntsayen ganima na iya matsawa zuwa wasu yankuna, suna isa gabar ƙananan tsibiran da ke kusa da bakin teku. Har ma suna iya yin kiwo a can, amma ba sa dogon lokaci, koyaushe suna komawa wurarensu na asali. Lepidoptera smoky kites suna bin wuraren zama waɗanda ke tsakanin matakin teku har zuwa mita 1000.
Yada kirin mai hayaki mai hayaƙi
Iteungiyar hayaki mai fuka-fukai tana da haɗari ga Ostiraliya.
Manyan wuraren kiwo suna cikin yankin Arewacin yankin a Queensland, South Australia da New South Wales-du-Sud, Barkley Plateau da kuma gefen Georgina da Diamantina Rivers zuwa Lake Eyre da Kogin Darling. Koyaya, a cikin mummunan yanayi a yankunansu na asali, tsuntsayen ganima sun bazu kusan ko'ina a cikin nahiyar, ban da yankuna hamadar yamma da arewa maso gabashin Cape York Peninsula da kuma Carpentaria Bay.
Abubuwan halayyar halayyar haushi mai kama da hayaƙi
Tsuntsayen da suke kadaici suna manne kan iyakokin yankunansu. A lokacin kiwo, sun zama masu son jama'a, suna zama cikin rukuni, wani lokacin ma har zuwa nau'i-nau'i 50 a wuri guda. A waje da lokacin kiwo, da yawa tsuntsaye da yawa suna taruwa a wuraren gama gari. Ba da nisa daga mulkin mallaka ba, butterflies, hayaki mai hayaki, tashi kamar manyan butterflies. Wasu lokuta suna shawagi a kan filin, amma basa yin zirga-zirgar madauwari a wani tsawan yayin lokacin saduwa.
A lokacin rani, lokacin da ake ruwan sama kadan kuma babu isasshen abinci, tsuntsaye masu farauta suna rayuwa ta makiyaya.
Idan babu rodents, sukan mamaye yankunan da ba mazauninsu bane.
Sake bugun kifi mai fuka-fuka mai hayaki
Gidajen Lepidoptera masu hayaki a cikin yankuna, da ƙyar a keɓaɓɓu nau'i-nau'i. Nyasar tana da kusan nau'i-nau'i 20, tare da nests a kan bishiyoyi da yawa. Lokacin nest yana daga watan Agusta zuwa Janairu. Koyaya, tare da wadataccen abinci a lokacin rigar, waɗannan tsuntsayen zasu iya yin gida ci gaba a duk tsawon watanni na shekara. Gida ita ce shimfidar da ba ta da nisa da aka gina daga ƙananan rassa. Tana da fadin santimita 28 zuwa 38 da zurfin santimita 20 zuwa 30. Idan an yi amfani da gida shekaru da yawa a jere, to, girman yana da girma sosai kuma ya kai 74 cm faɗi kuma zurfin 58 cm. Tsuntsayen suna gyara tsohuwar gida kowace shekara. Ofasan cikin gida an lulluɓe da koren ganye, da gashin dabbobi, wani lokacin kuma dusar dabbobi. Yawancin taki da tarkace suna taruwa ne a tsofaffin gidajen da ke tsakanin mita 2 zuwa 11 daga ƙasa.
Clutch ya ƙunshi ƙwai 4 ko 5, matsakaita girman 44 mm x 32 mm. Qwai suna da fari tare da launuka masu launin ja-ja-jaja, waɗanda suke daɗa taruwa a ƙarshen. Mace tana ɗaukar ciki ita kaɗai har tsawon kwanaki 30. Yara kites suna barin gida ne kawai bayan kwanaki 32.
Okarfin utara Sman hayaki
Kayayyakin hayaki na Lepidoptera masu hayaƙi suna ciyarwa ne kawai akan ƙananan dabbobi masu shayarwa, suna fifita beraye. Suna kuma cinye kananan dabbobi masu rarrafe da manyan kwari idan abincin da suka saba basu wadatar ba. Gwanayen farauta masu farauta:
- dogon berayen gashi (Rattus villosissimus), waxanda su ne ganiman da suka fi yawa;
- berayen beraye;
- berayen gida;
- berayen yashi (Pseudomys hermannsburgensis);
- Berayen Spinnifex (Notomys alexis).
Itesasashen hayaki masu saɓo masu fuka-fukai suna farauta yayin shawagi a cikin ƙasa ko kuma daga kwanto. Hanyoyin farautar su suna kama da na wasu nau'in kites. Tsuntsaye masu farauta suna sintiri a yankin, suna ta ƙasa kaɗan suna yin fikafikansu da zurfi da sauri. Lepidoptera mai hayaki wani lokacin farauta ne da yamma da kuma dare. Sun fara neman abin farautar su a cikin duhu, kuma wannan farautar ta ci gaba har zuwa ƙarshen dare, musamman a daren da wata ke haskaka yankin. A wannan lokacin, tsuntsayen farauta sukan mamaye yankuna ƙasashen waje, inda basu taɓa yin farauta da rana ba.
Matsayin Kariya na Lepidoptera Smoky Kite
Mazaunin kyankyasai mai hayaki ya wuce kilomita murabba'in miliyan.
Wannan nau'in yana fuskantar barazana yayin da yawan mutane ya zama kadan a tsakani tsakanin barkewar cutar da raguwar yawan bera. Yawan mutanen kifin masu fuka-fukai masu hayaƙi sun dogara ne da kasancewar babban abin farautar - ɓarna mai suna Rattus villossimus, wanda ke hayayyafa sosai bayan ruwan sama mai karfi. A waɗancan shekarun lokacin da beraye ke da nau'ikan halittu da yawa, tsuntsayen dabbobi ma sukan hayayyafa da sauri. Bayan farawar fari, yawan beraye yana raguwa sosai kuma kites sun bar manyan wurarensu kuma, a ƙarshe, yawancin tsuntsayen suna mutuwa. A lokaci guda, adadin kites na hayaƙi mai fuka-fuka masu fuka-fuka na iya faɗuwa ga mutane 1000. A cikin shekaru masu amfani, jimilar mutane wadanda ba a cika samun irinsu ba ya kai 5,000 - 10,000. IUCN ta kiyasta kaifin hayaki mai fuka-fuka da cewa "kusan suna cikin hatsari".
Matakan kiyayewa don Lepidoptera Smoky Kite
Matakan kiyayewa sun hada da sanya ido kan yawan jama'a don yin nazarin sauyin yawan jama'a, gudanar da bincike don nazarin tasirin kiwo a yawan beraye, da kuma kare mazaunin babban kifin mai shan hayaki. Hakanan ya zama dole don sarrafa adadin kuliyoyi a cikin manyan wuraren shakatawa na kayan kaɗan.
