Dogananan kare zaki (zaki mai zaki, Löwchen) (Faransanci ɗan ƙaramin ɗan zaki, Ingilishi Löwchen) ƙananan kare ne na ado. Wannan ɗayan ɗayan rarest ne. A cikin 1973, wakilai 65 na wannan nau'in ne kawai aka yi wa rajista. Ko da a yau, ɗari daga cikinsu suna rajista a shekara.
Tarihin irin
Masoyan Loewchen suna da'awar cewa wannan nau'in ya wanzu tun a shekara ta 1434, yana mai lura da gaskiyar cewa an yi kama da irin wannan kare a zanen "Hoton Ma'aurata Arnolfini" na Jan van Eyck.
Mai zanen, duk da haka, bai taɓa ambaton nau'in da aka nuna ba, kuma magoya bayan wasu nau'in, kamar su Brussels Griffon, suma sun yi iƙirarin cewa nasu ne. Sauran masu fasahar kuma sun yi amfani da karen zaki a aikinsu, ciki har da Albrecht Durer da Francisco de Goya. Wannan labarin ya haifar da karɓaɓɓen ra'ayi cewa Leuchen asalinsa asalin Turai ne.
Wasu suna jayayya cewa nau'in daga Jamus ne, wasu kuma suna cewa daga Holland, Belgium da Faransa ne, wasu kuma cewa layin Bahar Rum ne. Ga waɗanda suka yi imani da zuriyar Turai, ana ɗaukar leuchen dangi ne na poodle na zamani.
Waɗanda ke jayayya game da al'adun Bahar Rum suna da'awar cewa shi dangin Bichon ne, kamar yadda ake fassara sunan "Bichon" daga Faransanci a matsayin "lapdog mai ruɓaɓɓen siliki". Iyalin Bichon sun haɗa da nau'ikan dabbobi irin su Bichon Frize, Maltese, Havanese da Bolognese, wanda Leuchen ke da kamannin gaske.
An fassara sunan "Lowchen" daga Jamusanci a matsayin "ƙaramin zaki". Sunan da ke nuna alama mai kama da zaki da aka ba wannan nau'in a cikin tarihi, yana mai sauƙin ganewa a cikin fasahar Turai ta ƙarni na 15. Tana zaune a cikin gidan sarauta na sarakuna da sarakuna, haka kuma a gidajen masu martaba waɗanda ke zaune a ƙauyukan ƙauye, ta taɓa zama ƙawar mutane ƙaunatacciya.
Loewchen ya kasance nau'in da aka fi so na masarauta da manyan kotunan masarauta na Turai kafin da bayan Renaissance. Matan kotun sau da yawa suna kiyaye waɗannan karnukan, tunda zakuna suna nuna ƙarfi da ƙarfi, mahimman halayen kirki na aristocracy.
Wani dalilin da abun ya tabbata shine mafi karin tsari. Irin yana da fata mai dumi sosai. Zai iya zama mai tsananin sanyi a cikin gidajen tsohuwar Turai. Matan sun gano cewa idan aka aske kashi na uku na kare, ba wai kawai zai yi kama da kyau ba ne, amma za su iya dumama ƙafafunsu da dare. Da rana, kare na iya ci gaba da hidimarsa a matsayin ɗumin dumi ga mata. Karen zaki ya zama sananne da "warmer na Turai".
Duk da dogon tarihi mai dumbin yawa a cikin zane-zane, ba a ambaci nau'in a cikin rubutattun tushe ba har sai 1555, lokacin da Konrad Gessner ya fara ambata shi a cikin Animalium. Tun daga 1756, an haɗa nau'in a cikin rubutattun rubuce-rubuce a ƙarƙashin sunaye daban-daban, amma galibi ana kiran shi "kare na zaki".
Poodle da Bichon suma ana yawan fitowa dasu a cikin waɗannan takardu, a fili yana nuna cewa a wannan lokacin Leuchen ya riga ya zama keɓaɓɓen jinsin daban. An ambaci nau'in a cikin tsoffin littattafan kare da wasu kundin sani.
Saboda kyawawan dabi'unta da wasanninta, gami da tsananin sadaukarwarta, karamin Karen Zaki ya kasance mai matukar girmamawa ga duk wanda ya ajiye shi a cikin gidansa. Akwai tatsuniyoyi da yawa game da sadaukarwa da sadaukarwa waɗanda nau'in ke da su ga ɗan adam ɗan adam.
Kodayake wannan nau'in ya shahara sosai da farko, a karni na 19 lambobin sun fara raguwa sosai. Yunƙurin shaharar poodle na iya zama ɗayan dalilan da ke yin nau'in ya fara raguwa.
Pan ƙaramin poodle, mai kama da kamanni da girma, ba da daɗewa ba ya zama sananne a cikin masu martaba. Loewchen, wanda ya kasance nau'in da ba a daɗe da shi ba a lokacin kuma har ma ana ɗaukar shi irin na da ya ɓace tare da wasu da yawa.
Wasu ba su yi nasarar rayar da wannan nau'in ba a farkon 1800s. Farkon rubutaccen mai kiwo shi ne Dokta Valtier daga Jamus. Haɓakar gaske game da nau'in zai faru ne kawai a ƙarshen 1800s kuma a ƙarshen karni.
Farawa da Farfesa Kurt Koenig na Cibiyar Zootechnical Institute da ke Rothenburg, wanda ya fara tattara ƙananan karnukan zaki da sauran nau'ikan kiwo don binciken ƙwayoyin halitta. Koenig da mataimakansa sun fifita don bincikensu kawai karnuka masu lafiya da ke da halaye da ɗabi'a. Bai yi ƙoƙarin adana nau'in ba, amma sakamakon shirinsa na kiwo ya taimaka adana lambobin.
Har ila yau a wannan lokacin, wani mai kiwo, dan kasar Belgium mai suna Maximilian Koninck, shi ma yana kiwo yana nuna karnukan zaki. A cikin 1896, wani Madame Bennert yana neman cikakkiyar dabbar da za ta shiga cikin iyalinta.
Ta tuntubi Konink, kuma daga baya ta karɓi karninta na zaki daga gare shi. Tana matukar son wannan nau'in kuma tana sha'awar tarihinta da makomarta da sha'awa. Ba tare da niyyar zama mai kiwo ba, Bennert daga ƙarshe ya fahimci cewa wannan kare yana ta raguwa da lambobi.
Lokacin da Yaƙin Duniya na II ya ɓarke, Bennert ya yanke shawarar cewa dole ne ta yi wani abu don ƙoƙari don ceton ƙaunatacciyar ƙaunarta daga halaka mai zuwa.
A cikin 1945, lokacin da yakin duniya na biyu ya ƙare, Bennert ya fara neman sauran membobin ƙungiyar. A cikin shekaru uku masu zuwa, ta sami damar gano leuchens uku kawai.
Bennert ya sayi waɗannan karnukan, an haife farkon zuriya daga garesu a ranar 13 ga Afrilu, 1948. A cikin shekaru goma masu zuwa, Bennert zai inganta nau'in kuma ya yi tafiya don neman sauran membobinta.
A shekarar 1960, an amince da karamin karen zaki a duniya a mafi karancin shekaru a cewar Guinness Book of Records. Ba da daɗewa ba, amma ba a ƙare ba, yayin da sauran masu sha'awar suka fara haifar da irin kuma a hankali lambar su ta ƙaru.
Amma koda tare da ci gaba a hankali, nau'in ya kasance ƙarami a cikin adadi kuma baƙon abu. A cikin 1971 ta theungiyar Turanci ta Ingilishi ta amince da ita.
Kodayake Leuchen ya kasance nau'in da ba a daɗe ba kuma na musamman, a halin yanzu yana da aminci saboda gagarumin ƙoƙarin da masu kiwo suka yi.
Bayani
Kare mai salo na asali na mulkin mallaka, ya kasance ƙaunataccen mashahurin al'umma tsawon ƙarni da yawa. An san wannan nau'in ne saboda salon sawa na musamman kuma an kula dashi ta wannan hanyar tun zamanin tsohuwar masarautar.
Wannan nau'in kyakkyawan kare ne na cikin gida, saboda ya kai 26-32 cm a busassun kuma yana da nauyin kilogram 6. Jikin ya fi tsayi tsayi tsayi, tsoka kuma an gina shi da kyau. Daidaita daidai suna da mahimmanci.
Kokon kai yana da fadi kuma yana da fadi tsakanin kunnuwa, wadanda suke sama da matakin ido. Kunnuwa suna da tsaka-tsaka, amma suna da kyau. Manyan zagaye idanu sun yi zurfi cikin kwanyar. Sun zauna nesa sosai kuma suna kallon gaba. Idanun yawanci launin ruwan kasa ne masu duhu. Muzzle yana nuna zagaye na gaba ɗaya. Bayanin kan bakin yana da farin ciki da faɗakarwa.
Kafaffen madaidaiciya, ƙarami da zagaye, tare da maɗaurai masu ƙyalƙyali da yatsun kafa masu lankwasa. Feetafafun baya ba su da ƙanƙan ƙafafun gaba, amma kusan sura ɗaya ce. An tayar da wutsiya sama kuma an yi masa ado da bututu a ƙarshen.
Gashi, wata hanyace ta musamman ta yankan shi, shine mafi kyawun yanayin nau'in. Yanzu kare ya yi kama da na zane-zane wanda ya faro tun a shekarun 1400. Wannan aski ne na zaki, na ukun baya na jikin kare an gyara shi gajere, amma a gaba ya dade, kamar abin gogewa. Dogon gashi ya kasance iri ɗaya a saman jelar da duk ƙafafun. Launin riga ne mai kauri da tsawo, ya fi kauri a wuya kuma ya bushe.
Loewchen na iya zama launuka daban-daban, kuma launi na iya canzawa cikin rayuwa. Yawancin waɗanda aka haifa cikin duhu za su sauƙaƙa cream ko azurfa. Launin gashi na iya zama kowane, ban da launin ruwan kasa da inuwar sa. Colorarancin launi mafi ƙaranci shine brindle.
Hali
Aboki ne ga maɗaukakiyar ƙarni na ƙarni, an kirkiro Leuchen don zama kare mai fita, tare da halaye marasa kyau da halaye na zamantakewa. Yana yin abokai cikin sauƙi kuma sau da yawa. Wannan nau'in yana cike da kuzari da fara'a, yana son kasancewa tare da mutane, yana zama tare da yara da sauran dabbobin gida.
Aboki ne mai sadaukarwa, galibi suna zaban dangin da suka fi so kamar yadda suka fi so kuma suna zub da ado da kauna ga wanda aka zaba.
A lokaci guda, ƙananan karnukan zaki suna mai da hankali da faɗakarwa. Wannan nau'in, kamar sauran nau'o'in kayan ado, kyakkyawan kare ne mai kulawa wanda ke ɗaukar matsayinsa a cikin iyali da mahimmanci.
Yana son zama a wurin da zai ba shi damar ganin kowa da kowa ko abin da zai kusanci gida kuma ya yi gargaɗi game da kowane sabon mutum. An ce an sanya wannan nau'in a cikin ɗakin kwana na matan kotun don gargaɗin masu gadin game da bayyanar baƙi maza a cikin boudoir.
Duk wani aiki za'a dauke shi a matsayin dalili na sanar da mai shi game da abinda ke faruwa. Idan ba a ba shi horo yadda ya kamata ba don kula da haushin sa, kare zai iya ci gaba da haushi ya zama mai fusata.
Gyara irin wannan haushi da haushi da wuri zai iya magance matsalar. Duk da halin haushi, Leuchen mai hankali ne kuma mai son farantawa. Horon da ya dace zai taimaka wajen haɓaka cikin kare mai kyau wanda zai yi haushi kawai lokacin da ya dace.
Kyakkyawan horo na iya taimaka wa ƙwazo mai ƙarfin kuzari ya kasance cikin ƙoshin lafiya da tunani. Wannan kare yana da masaniya sosai akan umarni, yana nuna biyayya da halaye na kwarai.
Wannan nau'ine na abokantaka da kulawa, don haka kowane horo koyaushe yakamata ya zama mai kyau. Rashin saurin hankali na iya sa kare ya zama mai jan hankali, mai juyayi, ko damuwa.
Tarihin karen zaki a matsayin abokin kare ya koma karnoni da dama kuma yana da tushe matuka a cikin halayensa. Yana son mafi yawan abu ya kasance tare da abokansa da danginsa kuma zai sha wahala daga kasancewa shi kaɗai na dogon lokaci.
Jin kadaici na iya haifar da damuwa a cikin kare, wanda ke haifar da halaye masu halakarwa da haushi.
Haɗin kai na farko yana da mahimmanci. Idan ta kasa yin hulɗa da kyau da sababbin mutane da sauran dabbobi, to irin na zama mai jin kunya da rashin yanke shawara. Wannan rashin jin daɗin na iya haifar da faɗa tsakanin karnuka.
Yi la'akari (wannan gaskiya ne ga yawancin ƙananan karnuka) cewa horon bayan gida na iya zama aiki mai tsawo da wahala. Ba abu ne mai wahala ga karamin kare ya labe a bayan kayan daki ko kuma a wasu kewayen kwana ba, bin shi ya fi wuya; sabili da haka, kare na iya sanya shi al'ada, yana gaskanta shi da hali mai karɓa.
Za a buƙaci haƙuri da sa ido har sai kare ya girma ya isa ya sarrafa jikinshi yadda yakamata.
Gabaɗaya, Leuchen shine babban aboki ga iyalai da masu farawa. Auna ga maigidan, halaye masu kyau da amsawa ga horo suna sanya wannan nau'in sauƙin kulawa da jin daɗin sadarwa.
Koyaya, wannan nau'in har yanzu yana da matukar wuya kuma kawai matsalar da zaku iya samu shine siyar dashi.
Kulawa
Abin da ya sa nau'in ya zama na musamman shi ne bayyanarsa, wacce ba ta canzawa tsawon ƙarnuka. An yanke rigar sosai a bayanta kuma ya daɗe a gaba.
Hakanan an yanke shi jim kaɗan a kan wutsiya, ƙarshen ƙarshensa kawai ya kasance mai laushi. Wasu daga cikin dogon gashin suma ana barin su a idon sawu. Wannan aikin yana ɗaukar fasaha da lokaci kuma yana buƙatar maimaita kowane mako 6-8.
Tabbas, idan baku shiga cikin nune-nunen ba, to ba za ku iya yanke karenku ba. Amma, keɓaɓɓiyar nau'in ta ɓace.
Bugu da kari, ya kamata a goge kare a kai a kai don hana tarin datti da tarkace a cikin rigar da kuma guje wa cakuduwar.
Yakamata a ba da kulawa ta musamman ga kunnuwa, hakora da idanu yayin da ake yin ado don ganowa da kuma kiyaye duk wata matsalar lafiya.
Lafiya
Saboda nau'in ba safai yake ba kuma an tsarkake shi tsawon ƙarnika, damuwar kiwon lafiya kaɗan ce.
Tsammani na rayuwa yana da kimanin shekaru 12 zuwa 14. Consideredananan Karen Zaki ana ɗauke da nau'in lafiya da kuzari.
