Fasalin fasalin Peregrine da mazauninsu
Peregrine Falcon tsuntsaye ne mai saurin farauta a duniya. Tsuntsayen peregrine daga dangin dangin dangi ne na gyrfalcon kuma tare da su suna raba ɗaukakar tsuntsaye masu sauri na dukkan halittun da ke zaune a duniyarmu.
Waɗannan tsuntsaye ne masu matsakaiciyar girma, amma daga membobin danginsu, falgons na peregrine, wataƙila, ana iya ɗaukar su manyan tsuntsaye. Waɗannan zakarun samaniyar, kwatankwacin girman su zuwa hankaka mai ƙaho, suna da nauyin kilogram ko kaɗan kaɗan, maza har zuwa 1500 g; kuma a tsayi ya kai daga 35 zuwa 40 cm, amma galibi akwai ƙari, kusan rabin mita.
Kamar yadda kake gani akan hoto na gaggarumin falko, jikin wadannan kyawawa masu fuka-fukai, an kirkiresu don saurin motsi:
- yana da ingantaccen fasali;
- fikafikan suna da girma tare da kaifai masu kaifi;
- da kyau da kuma kirji kirji;
- wutsiya ba ta da tsayi sosai, tana zagaye a ƙarshen.
Duk waɗannan siffofin halayyar tsari, waɗanda aka bayar ta ɗabi'a, suna taimakawa wajen haɓakawa peregrine falcon gudun gudun tsuntsaye, wanda babu kamarsa a tsakanin halittu masu tashi, masu gudu da kuma masu rarrafe da ke zaune a duniyar tamu.
Idanun wannan hanzarin halittar suna kumbura, manya-manya; baki mai kama da sikila, mai ƙarfi ne, amma ba shi da tsayi, tare da ƙugiya a ƙarshen. Cigaba bayanin tsuntsaye na peregrine, Ba shi yiwuwa ba a ambaci dogayenta, siririn, kafafunta masu kaifi da kaifi da kaifi.
Sashin saman lamin ruwan toka-toka ne, kasan, a matsayinka na mai mulki, fari ne ko sautunan haske tare da launuka masu launin ja da kyakkyawan tsarin "hawkish": a kan ciki, bangarorin da ƙananan ɓangaren wutsiya, raƙuman launuka masu launin baƙi ko launin ruwan kasa. A cikin samari tsuntsaye, ba a bayyana bayyananniya a cikin plumage. Bakin gandun daji na peregrine da ƙafafu rawaya ne, muryar tana da ƙarfi kuma tana rawar jiki.
Ana iya samun irin waɗannan tsuntsayen a nahiyoyi da yawa na duniya. Fagen Peregrine – tsuntsu, gama gari a Turai, Afirka da Amurka, haka kuma a Tsibirin Pacific da Madagascar.
Tsuntsayen sun fi son yankuna masu budewa, saboda haka ana samun su a cikin shroud, steppes da tundra, suma suna zaune a gabar duwatsun bakin teku. Ba sa son wuraren daji, amma da yardar rai suna zama a ƙanana da manyan biranen, suna zaune a yankunan da aka gina tare da gine-ginen sama, da ƙananan ƙauyuka da ƙananan cocin.
Yanayi da salon rayuwa na peregrine falcon
Falgons na Peregrine, waɗanda ke rayuwa a yankuna masu zafi da yankuna kudu, yawanci basa barin gidajensu, gwargwadon lokacin. Amma waɗanda ke zaune a arewacin latitude, a cikin hunturu suna ƙaura zuwa wurare masu dumi.
Tsuntsun peregrine yana ci gaba da sararin samaniya tare da sauƙi mai ban mamaki, yana aiki tare da fikafikansa tare da babban mitar, sauƙin kamawa da riskar wasu tsuntsaye. Peregrine gudun hanzari tare da motsi na kwance na yau da kullun yana zuwa 110 km / h.
Amma wannan ba rikodin ba ne ga irin waɗannan tsuntsayen. Tsuntsayen sun zama mashawarta na musamman, suna yin tsalle-tsalle. Kuma a irin wannan lokacin, suna tafiya cikin sauri har zuwa 300 km / h, wanda ya shiga cikin tsoro da sha'awar masu kallo, suna ba da dalilin yarda falgalin peregrine shine tsuntsu mafi sauri daga halittun duniyarmu.
Wadannan tsuntsayen suna da isassun makiya a yanayi, amma kawai mahautan da suka fi su girma zasu iya haifar da haɗari a gare su. Amma falgons na peregrine tsuntsaye ne masu kuzari da ƙarfin hali, suna da ƙarfin kare kansu, suna cin nasarar waɗanda suka aikata laifin.
Namiji don falgons na peregrine ya kasance koyaushe barazana ne, amma akasin haka, sau da yawa yana ƙoƙari ya yi amfani da kyawawan halaye na waɗannan jaruntaka, masu sauri da ɓoyewa don amfaninsa, lalatawa da sanya su farautar tsuntsaye.
Peregrine Falcon yana haɓaka saurin gudu a cikin jirgin nutsewa
Wannan shine yadda sarakuna, sarakuna masu iko da manyan sarakuna suka yi aiki tun zamanin da a cikin Zamanin Tsakiya mai nisa. Kuma ta haka ne suka yi farautar baƙincikin yashi, geese, agwagwa, marassa galihu, tattabarai da sauran su tsuntsu.
Sayi gwangwanin peregrine abu ne mai yiyuwa a zamaninmu, saboda har yanzu ana ci gaba da harhada kiwo na mafarauta masu fuka-fuka a cikin gandun daji na musamman. Kuma waɗannan wakilai na dangin falcon suna ci gaba da hidimar ɗan adam, wanda ke samo sabbin amfani a gare su.
Misali, a filayen jirgin sama na zamani, galibi ana amfani da falko don tsoratar da garken cikin yankin. tsuntsaye. Peregrine Falcon farashin ya dogara da shekarun mutum, haka nan kuma ya dogara da halayenta na zahiri da na farauta, kuma a halin yanzu ya kai kimanin 25,000 rubles.
Peregrine Falcon abinci
Peregrine Falcon tsuntsaye ne na ganimamai kaifi, kamar masu yan yankewa, fika a kan ƙafafuwan ta. Tare da su, tana yi wa waɗanda abin ya shafa mummunan rauni, tana kai hare-hare daga saman sama, kamar ɓarawo, da sauri.
Wadanda abin ya rutsa da su galibi ba manyan dabbobi ba ne, galibi kananan beraye. Falgons na Peregrine suma suna farautar halittu masu fuka-fukai, a matsayin doka, mai matsakaiciyar girma, kamar waders, gulls da pigeons.
Kuma yayin lokacin renon yara, waɗanda dole ne a ciyar da su tare da abin da ya dace, ƙananan tsuntsaye, alal misali, gwarare, na iya wahala daga waɗannan mafarautan. Amma falgons na peregrine suna iya yin yaƙi kuma suna cin nasara koda tare da manyan abokan adawa. Ducks, geese da heron sukan zama abincin dare.
Peregrine Falcon tare da ganima
Tunda falgons din peregrine suna motsawa a wani lokaci da sauri fiye da tashi sama a sarari, wadannan tsuntsayen suna da salon farautar da ya dace. Sun fi son kada su kama abubuwa masu motsi, amma suna farautar wadanda abin ya shafa daga matsugunan da suka dace: daga saman busasshiyar bishiya ko kuma cikin haƙuri suna jira a cikin kogon dutse, sannan kuma tare da rutsawa ta hanzari a kansu, wucewa da kai hari. Suna tashi sama, suna ninka fikafikansu, kuma bayan haka suna hanzari zuwa wurin da aka zaba, suna kashe wanda aka azabtar da bugu ɗaya na bakinsu.
Sake haifuwa da tsawon rai na ɗan faran faranti
Yawancin lokaci, ya saba da zama shi kaɗai, a lokacin saduwa da lokacin nest, falgons peregrine suna yin nau'i-nau'i. Tsuntsaye ne masu auren mata daya wadanda suke rike da soyayyar su har zuwa mutuwa. Kuma an kammala auren falgidan peregrine, a zahiri, a sama, ma'ana, a guje. Yin siffofin acrobatic a cikin iska, namiji yana canza abincinsa ga wanda ya zaɓa a kan tashi, wannan shine asalin al'ada.
Wasu nau'ikan falcons da suka yi aure sun mamaye wasu yankuna kuma suna kiyaye su a tsanake, suna tuki daga can duk danginsu da sauran tsuntsayen, wani lokacin suna gwagwarmayar neman 'yancinsu koda da manyan tsuntsaye: hankaka da gaggafa Yankunan da falgons suka mamaye don gina nests da kiwon zuriya suna da faɗi sosai kuma suna rufe yanki, a wasu yanayi, har zuwa murabba'in mita 10. km
Amma a daya bangaren, abin birgewa ne cewa na tsuntsayen, wadanda a karkashin yanayi na yau da kullun kyawawa ne na ganyen peregrine: geese, swans da geese, kusa da gidajensu suna jin kariya da aminci, domin, kamar kowa tsuntsaye na falconshi, falgonson peregrine basu da dabi'ar farauta a yankin su. Kuma sauran masu farauta masu fuka fukai suma basa haifar da hadari ga masu yuwuwar cutarsu, tunda masu gadi suna sa ido su kori abokan hamayyarsu.
Peregrine falcon mace tare da kajin
Manyan mashahuran tashi, falgons na peregrine ba ta yadda magina suke da iyawa ba. Suna yin ado da gine-ginensu ta amfani da wasu twan itace, suna rufe su da fuka-fukai. Sabili da haka, falgons na peregrine galibi suna ɗaukar abin sha'awa zuwa gidajan wasu ƙwararrun tsuntsaye, misali, hankaka, ba tare da wata matsala ba suna fitar da masu matsala daga gidansu.
Falgons na Peregrine sun fi son tsawa don wuraren saukar da ƙasa, waɗanda ba kawai don duwatsu ake amfani da su ba, har ma da manyan gine-ginen da mutane suka gina. Kuma da zarar sun zaɓi wuri, za su iya zama a can ba kawai shekaru da yawa da duk rayuwarsu ba, amma kuma su ba da su ga zuriyarsu.
Wadannan tsuntsayen masu hankali kuma suna da wuraren shakatawa na keɓaɓɓu, waɗanda galibi ana samun su a cikin shimfidar wurare. Kuma har ma suna iya wakiltar wuraren ɓuya mai sauƙi. Misali, ƙananan damuwa a cikin ƙasa.
A cikin hoton, kajin da ganyayyun ɓauren ɓaure a cikin gidajensu
A karshen bazara, falcons uwa peregrine galibi suna kwanciya a cikin sheƙansu, sannan kuma su kasance cikin makonni biyar masu zuwa, kimanin ƙwai uku, waɗanda suke da launi na kirji mai haske.
'Ya'yan kaji masu ƙyanƙyashewa ba da daɗewa ba za su daskare kuma su rungumi mahaifiyarsu. Kuma uba yana bayar da abinci ga dukan iyalin. Hakanan yana kariya daga abokan gaba waɗanda ke haifar da haɗari ga kaji.
Suna iya zama duka manyan tsuntsaye da masu farautar ƙasar. Don ƙananan yara, iyaye suna yayyaga abinci a cikin ƙananan ƙananan, waɗanda sune zaren nama, waɗanda suka saba da kajin ga farautar tsuntsayen ganima.
A cikin hoton ɗanyen ɗan tsuntsu ne
Wata daya bayan haka, sabbabin falgons da aka kera an rufe su da gashin tsuntsaye kuma suna kokarin tashi, kuma ba da daɗewa ba suka fara koyon dabarun farauta. Bugu da ari, su, kamar yadda suka saba, shiga cikin rayuwa mai zaman kanta. Kuma da shekara biyu zuwa uku sun riga sun kirkiro nasu ma'aurata. Falgons na Peregrine suna rayuwa kusan kwata na ƙarni.
