Sakamakon fitarwa daga kayayyakin ayyukan tattalin arziƙin ɗan adam zuwa cikin yanayi ya zama tasirin greenhouse, wanda ke lalata ozone layer na Duniya kuma ya haifar da ɗumamar duniya a doron ƙasa. Bugu da kari, daga kasancewar abubuwa a cikin iska wadanda ba su da halayya da ita, yawan cututtukan cututtukan sankara wadanda ba su da magani suna girma tare da saurin sararin samaniya.
Ire-iren hanyoyin gurbata muhalli
Hanyoyin Artificial (anthropogenic) tushen gurɓatacciyar iska sun zarce na halitta ta dubunnan miliyoyi kuma suna haifar da lalacewar da ba za a iya gyarawa ba ga mahalli da lafiyar ɗan adam. Sun kasu kashi biyu:
- sufuri - an kafa shi ne sakamakon ƙonewar mai a cikin injunan ƙone ciki da kuma watsi da iskar carbon dioxide a cikin sararin samaniya. Tushen wannan nau'in gurɓataccen yanayi shine nau'ikan jigilar kayayyaki waɗanda ke gudana akan mai mai ruwa;
- masana'antu - hayaƙi da iska ke fitarwa cikin yanayin tururin da ke cike da ƙarfe masu nauyi, iska mai aiki da iska da abubuwan sinadarai da aka kirkira sakamakon aikin shuke-shuke da masana'antu, shuke-shuke da tsire-tsire masu ƙarfin wuta;
- gida - ƙone datti ba bisa ƙa'ida ba (ganyen da ya faɗi, kwalban roba da jakunkuna).
Yaki da gurbatar yanayi
Don rage yawan fitar da hayaki da gurbata muhalli, kasashe da yawa sun yanke shawarar kirkirar wani shiri wanda ke bayyana wajibcin wata ko wata kasa don rage ko zamanantar da kayayyakin samar da ke gurbata yanayi - da Kyoto Protocol. Abun takaici, wasu daga cikin wajibai sun kasance akan takarda: rage adadin gurɓataccen iska ba shi da wata fa'ida ga manyan ma'abota manyan masana'antun masana'antu, tunda hakan yana haifar da raguwar da babu makawa a cikin samarwa, ƙaruwar farashi don ci gaba da girka tsarkakewa da tsarin kare muhalli. Jihohi kamar China da Indiya sun ki sanya hannu kan takardar kwata-kwata, saboda rashin manyan wuraren samar da masana'antu. Kanada da Rasha sun ƙi amincewa da yarjejeniyar a kan yankunansu, suna sasantawa tare da ƙasashe masu jagorancin masana'antar masana'antu.
A halin yanzu an cika manyan wuraren zubar da shara dake kewaye da megacities da shara ta roba. Lokaci-lokaci, marasa ma'ana irin wadannan wuraren zubar da shara na kwandon shara na cikin gida suna cinna wuta a kan wadannan tsaunukan shara, kuma hayaki ne ke daukar iskar carbon dioxide cikin sararin samaniya. Irin wannan yanayin zai sami ceto ta hanyar amfani da tsire-tsire, waɗanda ba su da yawa.
