Vegetananan ciyayi, kankara da dusar ƙanƙara sune manyan halayen hamadar kwari. Yankin da ba a saba ba ya fadada zuwa yankuna na gefen arewacin Asiya da Arewacin Amurka. Hakanan ana samun yankuna masu dusar ƙanƙara a kan tsibirin Arctic Basin, waɗanda suke a cikin bel na yanayin ƙasa. Yankin hamadar Arctic galibi an rufe shi da gutsutsuren duwatsu da tarkace.
Bayani
Yankin hamada mai dusar ƙanƙara yana cikin tsawan latitude na Arctic. Ya rufe babban yanki kuma ya faɗi dubban kilomita na kankara da dusar ƙanƙara. Yanayin da ba shi da kyau ya haifar da talauci mara kyau kuma, sakamakon haka, akwai wakilai kaɗan na fauna. Animalsananan dabbobi ne ke iya dacewa da yanayin ƙarancin yanayi, wanda ya isa zuwa -60 a lokacin sanyi. A lokacin bazara, yanayin ya fi kyau, amma darajoji ba sa tashi sama da + 3. Yanayin sama a cikin hamada mai yawo bai wuce 400 mm ba. A lokacin dumi, kankarar da kyar ta narke, kuma kasar ta jike da dusar kankara.
Yanayin mummunan yanayi ya sanya ba zai yiwu ba ga nau'ikan dabbobi da yawa su zauna a waɗannan yankuna. Murfin, wanda ya ƙunshi dusar ƙanƙara da kankara, yana ɗaukar tsawon watanni goma sha biyu. Ana ɗaukar daren dare a matsayin mafi tsauri a hamada. Zai iya wucewa kimanin watanni shida. A wannan lokacin, akwai raguwar zafin jiki zuwa matsakaita na -40 digiri, da kuma iskar guguwa mai ci gaba, guguwa mai ƙarfi. Duk da fitilun a lokacin bazara, kasar gona ba zata iya narkewa ba saboda kadan kadan ne. Wannan lokacin na shekara yana tattare da gajimare, ruwan sama da dusar ƙanƙara, hazo mai kauri da karatun zazzabi tsakanin digiri 0.
Dabbobin hamada
Yankin hamadar Arctic na Arewacin Amurka gida ne ga mafi karancin dabbobi. Wannan ya faru ne saboda rashin ciyayi, wanda zai iya zama tushen abinci ga dabbobi. Alamu, kerketai na arctic, lemmings, walruses, like, polar bears da reindeer sun yi fice a cikin fitattun wakilan duniyar dabbobi.
Alamar hatimi
Kerkeci na Arctic
Yin lemo
Walrus
Alamar hatimi
Polar bear
Reindeer
Owls Arctic, musk shanu, guillemots, dawakai na arctic, gulls, eiders da puffins suma sun dace da yanayin yanayi mai wahala. Ga rukunin cetaceans (narwhals, bowhead whales, polar dolphins / beluga whales), gandun daji masu tsibiri suma yanayin rayuwa ne karɓaɓɓe.
Miski sa
Endarshen mutu
Kifi whale
Daga cikin ƙananan dabbobin da aka samo a cikin hamadar hamada ta Arewacin Amurka, ana ɗaukar tsuntsaye mafi yawan mutane. Wani babban wakili shine kwarin gwal, wanda yakai tsawon cm 35. Nauyin tsuntsayen ya kai 250 g, a sauƙaƙe suna fuskantar tsananin hunturu kuma suna rayuwa sama da saman teku, waɗanda aka rufe su da ƙanƙara.
Fure teku
Guillemots sun fi son zama a kan tsaunuka masu tsayi kuma ba sa jin daɗin kasancewa cikin kankara.
Ducks na Arewa (eiders) suna da kyau suna shiga cikin ruwa mai kankara zuwa zurfin mita 20. An dauki mujiya na polar a matsayin mafi girma kuma mafi tsananin tsuntsu. Mai farauta ne wanda beraye, dabbobin jarirai da sauran tsuntsaye ke kashewa ba da gangan ba.
Shuke-shuken kankara
Manyan wakilai na flora na hamada masu ƙyalƙyali sune mosses, lichens, tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire (hatsi, shuka ƙaya). Wani lokaci a cikin mawuyacin yanayi zaka iya samun foxtail na Alpine, arctic pike, buttercup, snow saxifrage, polar poppy da nau'ikan namomin kaza, 'ya'yan itace (cranberries, lingonberries, cloudberries).
Foxtail mai tsayi
Jirgin Arctic
Buttercup
Ruwan saxifrage
Polar poppy
Cranberry
Lingonberry
Cloudberry
Gaba ɗaya, itacen tsire-tsire na hamadar Arctic na Arewacin Amurka bai fi nau'in shuka 350 ba. Yanayi mai tsauri yana hana tsarin samar da ƙasa, tunda ko a lokacin rani ƙasa ba ta da lokacin narkewa. Hakanan, an banbanta algae zuwa rukuni daban, wanda kusan akwai nau'ikan 150.
