Derbnik ɗan ƙaramin tsuntsu ne mai kama da kurciya. Tsuntsaye ba safai ba; suna yin kiwo a wurare daban-daban a cikin wuraren buɗe ido a Alaska, Kanada, arewa da yamma na Amurka, Turai da Asiya, kuma suna zaune a cikin birane da birane.
Merlin bayyanar
Suna da girma kaɗan fiye da kestrels. Kamar sauran falcons, suna da dogaye, sirara fuka-fukai da wutsiyoyi, kuma suna tashi da ƙarfi tare da gajere, mai ƙarfi, kamar fuka-fukai. Ba kamar sauran falcons ba, merlin ba shi da alamar gashin-baki a kawunansu.
Maza da mata da wakilan ƙananan kamfanonin sun bambanta da juna. Yaran yara maza da mata sun yi kama da manyan mata. Maza masu launin baya da fuka-fuka masu launin shuɗi, wutsiyoyi masu baƙar fata tare da raƙuka masu ruwan toka sau 2-5. A ɓangaren ƙananan jikin akwai ratsi mai duhu, ɗigon ja a gefen kirjin. Mata suna da duwatsu masu launin ruwan kasa masu duhu, fukafukai da wutsiyoyi masu ƙyalƙyali masu launuka masu launuka-launuka. Asan jikin ta buffalo ne mai kalar launuka. Mata suna da kusan 10% mafi girma kuma 30% sun fi nauyi.
Hanyoyin kiwo na merlin
Matsayin mai mulkin, tsuntsaye ne guda daya. Membobin ƙungiyar suna yin hirar dabam, kuma a kowace bazara ana samun sabon haɗin gami ko kuma an maido da tsohuwar. Merlin ya koma yankin da ake kiwo, ya mallaki yanki ɗaya. Ba a sake yin amfani da soket ba.
Tsuntsaye "masu kwazo"
Maza suna komawa wuraren kiwo wata daya da ya wuce na mata. A wasu lokuta, mata na kasancewa a yankin kiwo a duk shekara. Merlin baya ginawa, amfani da gidajen da aka watsar da wasu tsuntsaye, masu farauta ko magi. Hakanan wannan jinsin yana zaune a kan kari a kan duwatsu, a kasa, a cikin gine-gine da kuma cikin kogon bishiyoyi. Lokacin da aka ɗora kan duwatsu ko a ƙasa, nemi ɓacin rai kuma yi amfani da shi ta hanyar ƙara ciyawa.
Merlin tare da kajin
Rawan iska
Nau'i-nau'i suna yin wata ɗaya zuwa biyu kafin kwanciya. Merlin yana nuna tsalle-tsalle ta sama, gami da yin fika da fage gefe da gefe, wanda ke jan hankalin mata da tsoratar da wasu mazan. Dukkanin mambobin biyun sun tashi kuma suna "murza" don ayyana yankinsu. "Fluttering flight" shine lokacin da maza ke tashi a hankali tare da gajere, gajere mai rauni a cikin da'ira ko adadi na takwas kusa da abokin zama.
Merlniks sun sa ƙwai 3-5. Idan kama ya mutu a farkon lokacin nest, mace tana yin karo na biyu. Mata suna yin yawancin kwanakin shiryawar na kwanaki 30. Bayan ƙyanƙyashe, uwar tana ci gaba da zama tare da kajin na kwana 7. Lokacin da samari suka kai aƙalla aƙalla mako guda, iyaye mata sukan kasance tare da su kawai a cikin mummunan yanayi.
A duk tsawon lokacin, namiji na samar da abinci ga kajin da abokiyar zama. Yayin shiryawa, maza a takaice suna yin kwayayen, mace tana ciyarwa a kusa. Bayan ƙyanƙyashe, maza suna kiran mata, kada su koma gida, mata suna tashi don samo abincin kaji daga abokin tarayya. Kaji suna yin fadan lokacin da suka kai kwana 25 zuwa 35. Makonni biyu bayan fuka-fukai, ƙananan yan kasuwa suna kama kwari da kansu, duk da cewa sun dogara ga iyayensu na kimanin makonni 5 bayan gudu.
Fasali na ciyar da merlins
Tsuntsaye suna farauta, suna afkawa ganima daga reshe kuma suna cikin gudu, suna amfani da tsaunika da wasu sifofin shimfidar wuri don ɓoyewa kusa da wanda aka azabtar. Derlniks basa kaiwa hari daga tsawan tsauni. Ana lura da aikin farauta da sanyin safiya da maraice.
Maza suna adana abinci mai yawa a kusa da gida, kuma mata na cin abinci lokacin da namiji ya makara da abin farauta. Merlin tana ciyar da tattabaru, kanan agwagwa, kanana da matsakaitan tsaka-tsaka. A cikin tsarin birane, gwarare sune babban abincin merlin. Wannan jinsin kuma yana cin kwari, da kananan dabbobi masu rarrafe, da dabbobi masu rarrafe, da kuma masu shayarwa.
