Gorin gama gari matsakaici ne mai kama da dabbobi, wanda aka samo a duk Turai, Asiya da Afirka, inda yake ƙaura don lokacin hunturu. Saboda girman su da launin ruwan kasa, ungulu suna rikicewa da wasu nau'o'in, musamman jan kitsen da mikiya ta zinariya. Tsuntsayen suna kamannin su daga nesa, amma ungulu ta kowa tana da kira na musamman, kamar meow na kyanwa, da siffa mai ban mamaki yayin tashi. A lokacin tashi sama da yin sama sama, jelar ta kumbura, ungulu tana riƙe da fikafikansa a cikin siramar "V". Launin jikin tsuntsaye jeri ne daga launin ruwan kasa mai duhu zuwa haske mai yawa. Duk buzzards suna da wutsiyoyi masu kaifi da kuma fikafikan duhu.
Rarraba buzzards a yankuna
Ana samun wannan nau'in a Turai da Rasha, sassan Arewacin Afirka da Asiya a lokacin watannin sanyi. Buzzards suna rayuwa:
- a cikin dazuzzuka;
- a cikin tsaunuka;
- makiyaya;
- daga cikin daji;
- kasar noma;
- fadama;
- kauyuka,
- wani lokacin a birane.
Halayen tsuntsaye da salon rayuwarsu
Gorin na yau da kullun ya zama mai kasala lokacin da yake cikin nutsuwa kuma na dogon lokaci yana zaune a kan reshe, amma a zahiri tsuntsu ne mai aiki da ke kai da komo a kan filaye da dazuzzuka. Yawancin lokaci yana zaune shi kaɗai, amma lokacin yin ƙaura, garken mutane 20 suna kafawa, ungulu suna amfani da sabuntawar iska mai dumi don yin tafiya mai nisa ba tare da ƙoƙari sosai ba.
Yin shawagi a kan manyan ruwa, inda babu maɓuɓɓugan ruwan zafi, kamar mashigar ruwan Gibraltar, tsuntsaye suna tashi sama-sama, sai su hau saman wannan ruwan. Giwa nau'in yanki ne na musamman, kuma tsuntsayen suna fada idan wasu ma'aurata ko ungulu guda ɗaya suka mamaye yankin ma'auratan. Yawancin ƙananan tsuntsaye, irin su hankaka da jackdaws, suna ɗaukar ungulu don zama barazana ga kansu kuma suna aiki a matsayin garken duka garken, suna bin masu farauta nesa da wani yanki ko bishiya.
Me ungulu take ci
Buzzards na yau da kullun suna cin nama kuma suna cin abinci:
- tsuntsaye;
- kananan dabbobi masu shayarwa;
- mataccen nauyi.
Idan wannan abincin bai isa ba, tsuntsaye na cin abinci akan tsutsotsi na duniya da manyan kwari.
Tsuntsaye na ibadar aure
Buzzards na yau da kullun suna da aure, ma'aurata suna rayuwa har abada. Namiji yana jawo hankalin abokin aurensa (ko kuma ya ba da sha'awa ga abokin aurensa) ta hanyar yin rawar rawa ta al'ada a cikin iska mai suna abin birgima. Tsuntsun yana tashi sama sama, sa'annan ya juya ya sauko, yana juyawa yana juyawa a cikin karkace, nan da nan ya sake tashi ya maimaita al'adar saduwa.
Daga Maris zuwa Mayu, ma'auratan gida biyu na yin gida a babban bishiya a kan reshe ko mashi, galibi kusa da gefen dajin. Gida shine babban dandamali na sanduna waɗanda aka rufe da koren ciyawa, inda mace ke ƙwai biyu zuwa huɗu. Al’amarin ya kai kwanaki 33 zuwa 38, kuma idan kajin sun kyankyashe, mahaifiyarsu tana kula da zuriyar har tsawon makonni uku, kuma namiji yana kawo abinci. Yin yawo yana faruwa lokacin da samari suka kai kwana 50 zuwa 60, kuma iyayen duka suna ciyar dasu na wasu makonni shida zuwa takwas. A shekaru uku, ungulu na yau da kullun sun girma da haihuwa.
Barazana ga tunani
Ba a razanar da ungulu gama gari a duniya a wannan lokacin. Yawan tsuntsayen ya yi tasiri matuka sakamakon raguwar da aka samu a shekarun 1950 a yawan zomaye, daya daga cikin tushen abinci, saboda myxomatosis (cutar da kwayar Myxoma ta haifar da ke kamuwa da lagomorphs).
Yawan buzzards
Adadin guguwa kusan mutane miliyan 2-4 ne suka balaga. A Turai, kusan dubu 800 -1 400 000 nau'i-nau'i ko 1 600 000-2 800 000 balagagge mutane gida. Gabaɗaya, a halin yanzu ana rarrabe buzzards na yau da kullun ba tare da haɗari ba kuma lambobi sun kasance masu karko. Kamar yadda masu farauta, ungulu ke tasiri kan yawan nau'ikan jinsin dabbobi.
