A yayin ci gaban yawan jama'a na shekara-shekara, yawan samfuran don dalilai daban-daban yana ƙaruwa, wanda ke haifar da samuwar ɗimbin ɗimbin ɗimbin ɗabi'ar. Ana rarraba adadin yawan kudi kowace shekara don ginawa da zamanantar da masana'antar da ke aikin sarrafa abubuwa masu rai wanda suka zama marasa amfani.
Amma waɗannan matakan suna taimakawa ne kawai don yaƙar matsalar, yayin da yawan mutanen duniya ke ƙaruwa, ana cin abinci da yawa a can kuma, daidai da haka, adadin sharar yana ƙaruwa. Adadin wuraren zubar da shara na ƙaruwa kowace shekara, tarin sharar gida a sarari yana ƙara haɗarin annoba kuma yana haifar da babbar illa ga muhalli da lafiya.
Nau'in sharar abinci
Sharar abinci za'a iya raba ta cikin manyan nau'ikan:
- sharar da ke faruwa yayin samar da abinci na faruwa ne yayin rarraba kayan danye, abin da aka kawar shi ne aure. Abubuwan lalacewa suna bayyana a kowane kamfani. Bukatun tsafta suna wajabta zubar da kayayyaki masu lalacewa ta hanyar kamfanoni na musamman waɗanda ke aiki tare da kawar da lahani;
- sharar da ta fito daga kantinan abinci, gidajen abinci, gidajen abinci. Waɗannan ɓarnar ana haifar da su yayin dafa abinci, tsabtatawa daga kayan lambu, da kuma abincin da ya rasa kayan masarufinsa;
- abincin da ya ƙare ko ingantaccen abinci wani nau'in software ne;
- abinci mara kyau wanda ya lalace saboda lalacewar kunshin ko akwatin;
Babban kayan abinci na iya zama na tsirrai da asalin dabbobi. Bari muyi la'akari dalla-dalla.
Kayan ganye sun hada da:
- hatsi, hatsi, kwayoyi;
- 'ya'yan itatuwa da' ya'yan itace;
- kayan lambu.
Kayan dabbobi sun kunshi:
- naman dabbobi, tsuntsaye;
- qwai;
- kifi;
- kifin kifi;
- kwari.
Kuma gabaɗaya rukunin samfuran da suka haɗa da abincin dabbobi da na tsire-tsire: gelatin, zuma, gishiri, abubuwan karin abinci. Bayan ranar ƙarewa, dole ne a zubar da waɗannan kayayyakin.
Dangane da halaye na zahiri, sharar gida shine:
- m;
- mai laushi;
- ruwa
Kawar da sharar abinci yakamata a aiwatar dashi daidai da matsayin gidan tsafta da kuma annobar cutar domin kiyaye afkuwar annoba.
Kayan haɗarin lalata tebur
Alamun da ke ba da gudummawa ga kafa rukunin haɗarin ɓarnatarwar sun samo asali ne ta hanyar Umurnin Ma'aikatar Albarkatun No.asa ta Tarayyar Rasha mai lamba 511 na 15.06.01. Wannan umarnin ya nuna cewa abu yana da illa idan yana iya haifar da cuta ko wacce iri. Ana ɗaukar irin wannan sharar cikin kwantena na ruɓaɓɓu na musamman.
Wasters yana da nasu yanayin haɗari:
- Darasi na 1, babban haɗari ga mutane da mahalli;
- Darasi na 2, matakin haɗari mai girma, lokacin dawowa bayan sakin irin wannan sharar cikin muhallin shekaru 30 ne;
- Darasi na 3, ɓataccen abu mai haɗari, bayan fitowar su, yanayin halittu zai murmure tsawon shekaru 10;
- Darasi na 4, haifar da damagean lahani ga muhalli, lokacin dawowa shine shekaru 3;
- 5-aji, kwata-kwata abubuwan da basa cutarwa basa cutar da muhalli.
Sharar abinci ya haɗa da azuzuwan haɗari 4 da 5.
An kafa rukunin haɗarin ne bisa la'akari da tasirin mummunan tasiri akan yanayi ko jikin ɗan adam, kuma ana la'akari da lokacin murmurewar muhalli.
Dokokin zubar da abubuwa
Babban dokokin kawar da sharar abinci sune:
- a lokacin fitarwa, dole ne a kiyaye dokokin dabbobi da tsafta;
- don sufuri, ana amfani da tankuna na musamman waɗanda suke da murfi tare da su;
- Ba za a yi amfani da kwandunan shara don wasu dalilai ba; ana tsabtace su kowace rana kuma ana kashe su.
- an haramtawa tura abincin da aka lalace zuwa mutum na biyu don amfani dashi;
- za a iya adana shara ba fiye da awanni 10 ba a lokacin bazara, kuma kimanin awanni 30 a lokacin sanyi;
- za a iya shigar da sanarwa a cikin gungumen cewa an lalata almubazzarancin kuma an hana amfani da shi don abincin dabbobi;
- bin ka'idoji don zubar da sharar an rubuta su a cikin mujallar musamman.
Dole ne duk kungiyoyin da ke haifar da barnar abinci su bi ka'idojin dabbobi da na tsafta.
Sake amfani
Tare da karamin aji mai haɗari 4 ko 5, ana aiwatar da zubar a wurare na musamman, galibi a cikin manyan masana'antu ana samun masu amfani da masana'antu na musamman. Ana iya sarrafa sharar abinci zuwa yanayin ruwa kuma ana shigar dashi cikin lambatar. A kamfanoni, ana yin rikodin algorithm don zubar da sharar gida.
Kawar da sharar a sha'anin yana matukar rage farashin safarar sharar, sannan kuma yana rage tsada ta hanyar rage fannin adana software.
