Zomo karamin dabba ne mai shayarwa wanda yake da alakar dabi'a da kusanci da zomo da pikes.
Bayanin zomo
A cikin dabba:
- jiki mai ƙarfi;
- zagaye baya;
- dogon kunnuwa;
- gajeren wutsiya;
- kafafu masu doguwa da dogaye.
Nau'o'in zomayen cikin gida suna da launuka iri-iri, tare da dabbobin daji yawanci suna da launin ruwan kasa ko launin ruwan kasa. Wannan launi yana ɓoyewa daga masu farauta. Fari mai haske, baƙar fata mai duhu ko tabo na wasu nau'in gida ana iya ganinsu cikin yanayi.
Zomayen nama iri
Mutum ya rabu da zomo don naman nama. Kusa da zomo ya hadu da ka’idojin jinsi, ana samun nama mafi inganci daga gare ta.
California zomo
Nau'in California na zomaye an bambanta da launi - fararen jiki mai launin baki (ƙafa, hanci da kunnuwa). Wannan tsarin ya samo asali ne daga "kwayar halittar Himalayan" wacce ke sanya zomo zomo zabiya banda wadannan sassan jikin.
An hayayyafa da nau'in a cikin 1920 ta hanyar ratsa zomoyen Himalayan tare da zomayen chinchilla, sannan kuma yaran sun dace da zomayen New Zealand don cimma girman da ake so. Bunis na California da New Zealand sun yi kama da girma da sifar jiki, kuma duk nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan kiwo ne don naman su da gashin su.
New Zealand jan zomo
Wataƙila abin mamaki, jan zomon New Zealand shine farkon farkon ƙirar zomo ta Amurka. Asalinsu yana da alaƙa da hares ɗin Beljiyam fiye da nau'in zomo na New Zealand.
A ƙarshen 1900, Harshen Beljiyam sun kasance a halin yanzu, tare da sayan kowane yanki ana siyar dashi akan dubban daloli.
Idan aka yi la’akari da yawan kiwo, ba abin mamaki ba ne cewa nan da can kurege na Beljium ya fara bayyana, tare da wadataccen ja da jajayen ja mai haske, ba shi da launi na “kurege na al’ada” ta Belgium.
An haye makiyayan Berayen Hares tare da manyan zomo na Flemish. Bayan 'yan shekaru daga baya, zuriya daga irin waɗannan gicciyen sun wadatar da jinsin da jan.
New Zealand Farin Zomo
Wadannan zomayen ba daga New Zealand suke ba, amma ana yin su ne a Amurka a kusa da 1910. Wannan shine ɗayan ƙananan zomo da aka kawo daga Amurka a duk duniya, kuma ba akasin haka ba.
New Zealand fararen zomaye sune mafi shahara ga keɓaɓɓu. Su zabiya ne, dabbobi ba su da melanin, launin da ke launuka fata, fur da idanu.
An kiyasta cewa kusan kashi 90% na zomayen da aka ɗaga don nama sune nau'in New Zealand. Farin fur dinsu sanannen abu ne. Amma kuma suna yin dabbobin ni'ima.
Zomaye ƙattai ne
Manyan zomayen suna da nauyin kilo 5. Kada a rude su da zomayen masu nauyi wadanda nauyi da girman su ya fi yadda ya kamata su zama! Katon zomo wakilin wani katon jinsi ne, yana da nauyi daga kilo 5 zuwa 10 ko fiye. Wannan ya fi yawancin nau'in kare.
Katon Beljam
An yi amfani da nau'in Flemish don samar da nama da fur. Koyaya, saboda yawan ƙashi, yawan naman zuwa ƙashi ya kasance, da kuma ci gaban sabbin naman, noman manyan Belan Beljiam ba shi da tsari don samar da nama. Madadin haka, yanzu ana kiyaye nau'in azaman dabbobi.
Wadannan sannu-sannu gwarzayen an san su da nutsuwa, yanayin sassauci. Zomaye suna da hankali da sauƙin horarwa. Amma suna da ƙafafun baya masu ƙarfi, kuma lokacin da suka ji tsoro ko firgita, ko kuma suka ji rauni, nan da nan suke haifar da mummunan rauni a jikin mutane.
Butterfly (gwarzo mai hange)
Zomo yana da sirara, amma ginin muscular da kuma dogon jiki, mai kama da zomo tare da zane-zane mai zagaye-zagaye. Suna da dogaye, ƙafafu masu ƙarfi, kaɗaita kai da kunnuwa, kuma suna tsayayyu mafi yawan lokaci.
Butterfly zomaye suna yin a circus kuma dabbobi ne masu ban mamaki. Wannan nau'in yana da gajere mai laushi zuwa matsakaiciyar tsaka wanda ke da sauƙin kulawa.
Giwan da aka hango fari ne da alamun shuɗi ko baƙi waɗanda suka yi kama da malam buɗe ido a hancinsa. Hakanan suna da tabo biyu masu launin baƙi ko shuɗi a kowane gefen jiki, tare da baƙar fata ko shuɗi mai gudana a ƙasan kunnuwa zuwa wutsiyar da ke sama da kashin baya.
Downy da Jawo zomo
Fur da fat na kowane irin zomo yana zama albarkatun kasa don samar da abubuwa. Amma kuma akwai wasu nau'ikan zomaye na musamman, waɗanda ake kiɗa don neman fata (ulu) da fur don ɗinki.
Rabbit ulu kiwo
Wadannan nau'ikan zomayen suna shuka ulu mai inganci don kadi. Koyaya, zaren yalwa yana buƙatar a kula da shi fiye da kowane nau'in ulu. Woolly zomo ta samo asali:
- Amurkawa;
- angora.
Amurkawa Zomo
Tana da gaɓa da toɓaɓɓen jiki, kirji mai faɗi, kafadu masu kauri da faɗi, ƙafafun bayan baya masu zagaye tare da tsokoki da yawa, kunnuwa suna faduwa zuwa gefen kai. Fasar zomo na Americanasar Amurka mai kuzari ne, mai kyau don fur da kuma dabbobin gida.
An sa gashin gashin zomo na dogon lokaci. Amma ba lallai bane ku kashe zomaye don fur. An tsefe su, kuma an canza rigar a cikin kayan sawa iri-iri. Son sani da kuma yanayin wasa yasa Farin Rabbit ya zama kyakkyawar dabba ga marassa aure, tsofaffi da iyalai, matukar mutane suna basu kauna da yawa, soyayya da kuma samar da wurin da za a saki makamashin dabba.
Yarn da aka zana daga ulu zomo, duk da cewa tufafi mai tsawon tsawon cm 5 kawai.
Zomon Angora
Suna sananne ne saboda siraranta, gashi mai laushi. Ana yin zomo na Angora da ulu, amma kuma manyan dabbobi ne.
Masu kiwo suna yin nau'ikan zomo biyu na Angora:
- Faransanci;
- Turanci;
- satin;
- gigantic.
An bambanta nau'in Ingilishi ta fur a kan kai da kunnuwa. Zoman Satin yana da siriri da laushi mai laushi fiye da sauran nau'ikan, kuma katuwar angora ita ce mafi girman nau'in, mai nauyin kilo 4.
Ingillar Angora ta Ingilishi ita ce mafi mashahuri nau'in nune-nunen. Rabaran Angora na Faransa shine mafarkin mai juya hannun hannu. Kuma satin zomo gicciye ne tsakanin zomayen angora na Ingilishi da Faransanci. Giant Angora ta fito ne daga ƙirar Flemish mai girman zomo kuma ba ta shahara sosai don samar da ulu.
Rex zomaye
Furaramin gajere da gajeren gashi sun dace da ɗinka rigunan zomo. Akwai nau'ikan nau'ikan Rex iri biyu: Mini Rex da Rex.
Rabbit mini rex
Wannan sigar ƙaramar sigar nau'in Rex. Dukansu nau'ikan suna girma da gajeren gashi mai kama da karammiski. Wadannan zomayen suna da launuka iri-iri daga fari zuwa baƙi tsarkakakke.
Nau'o'in ado na zomaye
Suna da kwayar halitta wacce ke haifar da wasu halaye na zahiri, gami da:
- manyan idanu;
- gajerun kunnuwa;
- zagaye kai;
- karamin jiki.
Kananan zomo na Dutch
Smallananan zomaye ne masu manyan kawuna, gajerun wuya da kuma kunnuwan littlean tsafta masu kyau. Suna da kyawawan kyalkyali, riguna masu kauri a launuka daban-daban.
Zakin kai
Da farko ya bayyana a Belgium, zomayen sunkai kimanin kilo 1 kuma sune mafi ƙanƙan halittu. Furkinsu yana da kauri, tare da kyakkyawar zaki mai kamar wuyan wuyansu. Akwai nau'ikan guda biyu, masu kunnuwa-kunnuwa kuma tare da tsayayyen kunnuwa.
Zomayen gida
Da alama yana da sauƙi a zaɓi zomo mai kyau, dukansu kyawawa ne, amma ba duk nau'in zomo ba ne kyawawan dabbobin gida don masu farawa ko iyalai da yara. Wasu nau'ikan suna son shi idan aka riƙe su, wasu suna son yin tsefe, amma ba sa son zama a hannayensu saboda yanayin halinsu.
Yaren mutanen Poland
Zomo yana da kwayar halittar dwarf, don haka matsakaicin nauyi bai wuce kilogiram 3.5 ba. Fushinsu mai laushi ne da sauƙin kulawa fiye da wasu nau'in, yana buƙatar gogewa kusan sau ɗaya a mako ko kowane mako biyu. Afauna, yanayi mai natsuwa ya sa jinsi ya zama kyakkyawan zaɓi ga manya ko iyalai tare da manyan yara.
Trianta
Matsakaiciyar zomo an santa don jan launi da Jawo na lemu. Akwai ƙananan lafazi masu launin rawaya ƙarƙashin wutsiya da ƙafafu. Aananan ƙananan ne tare da ƙananan, kunnuwa madaidaiciya. Zomaye suna da ban sha'awa, masu nuna soyayya da son zama da mutane; idan aka kiyaye su a gida, suna buƙatar haɗuwa da wani zomo.
Kirfa
Launi na gashin jikin shine "kirfa ta ƙasa" tare da alamar lemu, bakin bakin, kunnuwa, ciki da ƙafafu duhu ne mai duhu. Wannan baƙon abu ne, babba, nau'in zomaye, don haka suna buƙatar lokaci mai yawa a waje da keji a cikin gida. Suna da abokantaka da son sani, suna sanya nau'in babban zaɓi ga iyalai, ma'aurata ko marassa aure.
Zomaye suna da halaye na musamman da sauyawa waɗanda ke taimaka musu rayuwa
Suna da ƙananan ƙafafun gaba, amma dogaye, ƙafafun bayan baya. Suna amfani da ƙafafunsu na muscular don gudu da tsalle cikin saurin gudu. Lokacin da zomaye ke gudu, yatsun yatsunsu kawai suke a ƙasa, ba duka ƙafafunsu ba.
Waɗannan halittu suna da manyan idanu, an ɗora su bisa kawunansu, zomaye suna iya ganin kusan duk abin da ke kewaye da su. A zahiri, kawai makafin wuri shine ƙaramin yanki a gaban ƙarshen hanci.
Dogayen kunnuwa na taimakawa jin masu farauta daga nesa, don kar su zama abincin dare, dabbobi masu shayarwa masu sanyi a yanayin zafi.
Mazaunin Zomo
Yawancin jinsuna suna rayuwa akan:
- makiyaya;
- farin ciki;
- gandun daji;
- yankunan duwatsu;
Wadannan dabbobi masu shayarwa suma sunadauki tsari na musamman na halittu. Wasu jinsunan sun fi son waɗannan wuraren:
- dausayi;
- fadama;
- estuaries;
- yankuna masu aman wuta;
- wuraren shakatawa na gari;
- lambuna;
- unguwannin bayan gari.
A waɗanne yankuna ne na duniya ake samun zomaye?
Suna zaune a Eurasia, Afirka, Arewa, Tsakiya da Kudancin Amurka. Hakanan mutane sun gabatar da zomaye zuwa wasu yankuna na duniya azaman nau'ikan cutarwa.
Wasu nau'ikan suna rayuwa a cikin manyan yankuna ko kuma duk ƙasashe. Sauran suna rufe ƙananan yanki kawai. Kowane nau'in yana da kewayon musamman da rarrabawa.
Abin da zomaye ke ci
Zomayen suna da ciyawar ciyawa kuma suna cin shuke-shuke. Abincin su ya kunshi:
- ganye;
- weeds;
- ganye;
- shuke-shuke masu furanni;
- sauran ciyayi.
Wasu nau'ikan suna ciyarwa ne kawai akan wasu tsire-tsire, yayin da wasu ke cin kusan duk abin da aka narke a cikin hanyar narkewar abinci.
Matsalar ita ce cewa tsire-tsire suna da matukar wahalar narkewa gaba ɗaya. Saboda wannan, zomaye suna sake cin abinci da narkar da najasa bayan abinci ya ratsa tsarin narkewar abinci a karon farko.
Zomo da kurege, kwatantawa
Latsa hoton don fadada shi
Da farko kallo, zomo zomaye ne masu doguwar ƙafa da kunnuwa. Baya ga bayyanar su, waɗannan halittu sun bambanta a cikin wasu halaye.
Ban da wasu 'yan jinsuna, zomaye dabbobi ne na zamantakewa. Suna rayuwa ne a cikin kananan kungiyoyi, galibi a cikin ramuka ta karkashin kasa. Kurege na zaune shi kadai kuma a saman kasa. A cikin burukan su, zomaye suna haihuwar zomaye marasa taimako kuma suna kula da su har tsawon makonni. Kurege suna haifar da cikakkun andan kwalliya masu motsi waɗanda ke buƙatar ƙarancin ado.
Haɗuwa da Zomo-Mutum
Mutane suna amfani da waɗannan dabbobi masu shayarwa azaman tushe:
- abinci;
- furs don yin tufafi, barguna da sauran abubuwa.
Manoma suna daukar zomo a matsayin kwari saboda suna ci ko lalata amfanin gona.
Tasirin mutum a kan yawan jinsin zomaye ba ɗaya bane. Wasu daga cikinsu suna cikin aminci, yayin da wasu ke gab da halaka.
Zomo mai zuga
Mutane suna kula da waɗannan dabbobi masu shayarwa a lokacin tsohuwar Rome, ana amfani dasu don abinci da fur. Koyaya, tun ƙarni na 19, zomaye sun zama dabbobi. A wannan lokacin, masu kiwo sun yi kiwo fiye da 300.
Kulawa da Zomo
Zomaye ya kamata:
- zauna a cikin keji;
- samun abinci mai kyau;
- sami abokan hulɗa
Yawancin masu mallaka suna ajiye zomaye a cikin keji amma suna ba su damar yin tafiya da yardar kaina yayin rana yayin da mutane ke gida. Ana lakafta zomaye don shiga bayan gida a wani wuri da aka keɓe a waje da keji don ba su da ƙazanta kuma suna buƙatar ƙarancin ado.
Yana da mahimmanci a samar wa zomo da damammaki da yawa na taunawa, kayan wasa da sauran abubuwan motsa jiki don su kasance masu aiki, samar da abinci mai gina jiki tare da daidaitattun bitamin da ma'adinai, da kuma ba da sabbin kayan lambu.