Mun kasance muna tunanin cewa zomaye ƙananan halittu ne kyawawa, haruffa a cikin tatsuniyoyin yara. Lumushin Fur tare da kunnuwan elongated, mai taushi da kunya, suna da sauƙi da daɗin riƙewa a hannuwanku. Bari in ba ka mamaki - nau'in zomo na Flanders ya fi kama da ƙarami ko ƙaramin kare.
Suna kiran shi wannan - ƙaton ɗan Beljium ko kuma ƙaton Flemish. Kuma me yasa yake dauke da wadannan sunaye, menene dabba mai ban mamaki, me take ci da kuma yadda za'a kula da ita, zamuyi kokarin fada muku.
Tarihin irin
Katon ɗan asalin Beljiyam ya fito ne daga Flanders, yankin arewacin Belgium, in ba haka ba ana kiransa Flemish. Ana iya ɗaukarsa ɗayan tsoffin jinsuna, tunda an san cewa zomo na farko masu girman gaske an haife su a cikin karni na 16 kusa da garin Ghent.
An yi imani da cewa flandre ya fito ne daga mafi yawan mutanen Old Flemish jinin da aka haifa a zamanin da, kuma a halin yanzu ba su tsira ba. Zai yuwu an kara jinin zomo na Patagonian da aka kawo daga Argentina zuwa asalinsu.
Akwai wani abin da ya fi ban mamaki cewa waɗannan zuriyar zomo ne na tsohuwar duwatsu, waɗanda suke da girma kuma suna rayuwa a cikin kogo. Kodayake yanzu yana da wahalar fahimtar yadda suka haye tare da dabbobin gida. Kasance haka kawai, an gudanar da aikin kiwo tsawon ƙarni uku, kuma a cikin ƙarni na 19, jita-jita game da wannan mafi ƙarfi ya ɓullo daga Belgium.
Sananne ne tabbatacce cewa an fara rikodin rikodin farko na zomo mai nau'in Flemish a cikin 1860 kawai. Ba a iya lura da mai irin wannan fitaccen bayanan waje, kyakkyawar fur da nama mai yawa. Koyaya, an ba da hankali kaɗan a farkon.
An rubuta ƙa'idodin farko na asali a cikin 1893, bayan an fitar da ƙaton Flemish zuwa Ingila sannan kuma zuwa Amurka. An haye shi tare da wasu nau'in kuma ya sami sabbin nau'in, rassan daga flanders sun fara. Ya fara bayyana a baje kolin tun 1910.
Flandre zomo
A cikin 1915, Federationungiyar ofasa ta Flemish Rabbit Breeders ta shirya, wanda har yanzu ke haɓaka nau'in. Hakanan an kawo shi zuwa yankin tsohuwar Soviet Union, kawai ba shi da tushe saboda yanayi mai wahala, amma ya yi amfani da shi don kiwo na cikin gida launin ruwan toka.
Bayani da siffofin nau'in
Zomo flandre - wakili ne mai karfi na duniyarsa, wataƙila za a iya kiran sa mafi girma daga cikin zomayen cikin gida. Kwararrun ƙwararrun ƙwararru an san su da biyayya da haƙuri, don haka suna farin cikin kasancewa cikin dabbobi.
Ba don komai ba suma ana kiransu "gattawan ƙattai" da "zomayen duniya". Ana iya amfani da su don dalilai iri-iri - duka a matsayin dabbar dabba, da kuma halartar shirye-shirye iri-iri, da kiwo, da kuma kamar fur da dabbar nama.
Waɗannan jaruman an rarrabe su da babban taro da wani "rashin daidaituwa" a cikin adadi. "Jaririn" yana da nauyi daga kilo 6 zuwa 10, wasu samfuran suna girma har zuwa kilogiram 12. A Biritaniya, an yi rikodin nauyin kilo 25. Jiki ya yi tsawo. Baya baya madaidaiciya, amma wani lokacin ar baka. Wuya gajere ce kuma tana “nutsuwa” cikin jiki.
Manyan kunnuwa kamar ganyen burdock suke. Kan yana da girma, tare da kyawawan kunci da hanci mai faɗi. Wunkuna kanana ne kuma ba a iya gani sosai. Idanun suna da duhu a launi, an dan zurfafa. Kirjin dabba ya fara daga 35 zuwa 45 cm a girth, wanda babban alama ne.
Etafafu masu kauri ne kuma masu ƙarfi, ƙafafun gaba suna gajeru, ƙafafun baya na tsaka-tsaki. Wutsiyar doguwa ce kuma mai lanƙwasa. Yanayi mai mahimmanci ga jinsi shine launi na farata. Yakamata su zama inuwa iri ɗaya da Jawo. Matsakaicin launin Jawo fari ne, yashi, yashi mai yashi, duhu mai duhu da baƙi.
Girman nau'in Flanders yana da ban sha'awa
Kwanan nan, azurfa, toka, ja-yashi, shuɗi da ma samfurin orange sun bayyana. Gashi yana da yawa, mai taushi kuma mai kauri ga taɓawa. Tsawon gashin gashi har zuwa 3.5 cm. Flandre a cikin hoto yayi kama da mizani - kyakkyawa mai ladabi da sassauƙa. "Burness" ɗinta yana ƙara kyakkyawan "homey".
Don zaman jama'a, kauna da abota, ana siyan zomo a matsayin dabbar gida, maimakon kare ko kyanwa. Yana dogara dangane da maigidan, mai hankali, biyayya, yana son wasa da yara. Bugu da kari, ba shi da hadari ga katon mutum ya kasance a cikin gida tare da wasu dabbobi. Yana haifar da girmamawa ga girmanta.
Alamun ingancin kiwo
Dole ne Flanders masu tsabta su cika waɗannan buƙatu masu zuwa:
- Kunnuwa suna da faɗi, tsayayye, balaga, tare da gefen babba tare da iyakar baki, girman daga 17 zuwa 25 cm;
- Kumatun suna da girma da kauri;
- Kirjin yana da girma da fadi;
- Jiki ya kai 90 cm tsayi;
- Nauyin zomo mai watanni takwas daga 6 zuwa 7 kilogiram;
Babu ƙin yarda da launi, kowane irin matsayin da aka yarda dashi maraba ne.
Laifi yana dauke:
- Weightananan nauyin zomaye, an yar da ƙananan mutane;
- Rashin samun karin nauyi yayin girma;
- Matsakaicin girman kai, rashin kiyaye ma'auni ana daukar shi aure;
- Tsawon kunne kasa da 17 cm;
- Halin son yin zalunci, taurin kan dabba.
Irin
Kamar yadda aka riga aka ambata, nau'in Flemish ya ba da ƙarfi ga ƙirƙirar manyan zomaye da yawa. Suna da gama gari gama gari sunan "kattai", amma wurin haifuwa daban. Baya ga ƙatocin Beljiyam, an san waɗannan nau'o'in:
- Farin kato... Irin zabiya mai dauke da jajayen idanu. Hakanan ana kiɗa a Belgium a farkon karni na 20. Masu shayarwar sun zaɓi dabbobi tare da fararen fata kawai daga cikin flanders kuma sun gyara sakamakon. An gudanar da irin wannan aikin a Jamus. An rarrabe su da ƙananan ƙasusuwa masu ƙarfi, tsarin mulki mai daɗi da nama mai ɗanɗano.
- Vienna shuɗi mai girma... Hakanan ɗan zuriyar ɗan kato da gora na Beljium, yana da cikakken jikeji na launin shuɗi mai launin shuɗi. Yana da karfin jiki, haihuwa da kuma koshin lafiya. Juriya ga ƙananan yanayin zafi. An haife shi a ƙarshen karni na 19 a Austria.
- Katon Bajamushe (nau'in Riesen). An karɓa a cikin Jamus a ƙarshen 19th - farkon ƙarni na 20. Yana da launuka iri-iri - launin toka, shuɗi, baƙi, rawaya, zinariya. Ya banbanta da na Belgium ta hanyar saurin ƙaruwa, amma ƙarshen balaga. Bugu da kari, suna iya samun matsalar lafiya.
- Babban ruwan toka ko katuwar Poltava. An haife shi a tsakiyar karni na 20 daga masanin zootechnician na Ukraine A.I. Kaplevsky. Yana da girma girma, dogayen kunnuwa da halaye masu kyau da aka gada daga Beljam. Ya bambanta da kakanni a cikin annuri mai haske, launin shuɗi mai shuɗi, kawai tare da madaidaiciya baya (tuna cewa a cikin Flandre ana iya “baka”), fata mai ƙarancin inganci, mazaunin “Poltava” yana samun nauyi da sauri kuma yana da gajeren ƙafa.
- Katon azurfa... Jiki yana da girma, amma karami. Bred a cikin tsohuwar USSR kusa da Tula da kuma a cikin yankin Poltava. Yanzu ana sake buga shi a cikin Tatarstan. Ingancin murfin na biyu ne kawai ga sanannen chinchilla da nau'in baƙar fata-launin ruwan kasa.
Bugu da kari, akwai nau'ikan "ragon-zomo", wanda aka sanya wa suna bayan siffar kwanyar. Ya haɗa da ƙananan ra'ayoyi da yawa - Faransanci, Jamusanci, Ingilishi, Meissen. Waɗannan dabbobin gida sunkai kilo 5-8, suna da hali iri ɗaya, dogayen kunnuwa da fur mai kauri. Tsarin da ba na daidaito ba na kunnuwa ya haifar da gaskiyar cewa suna jin mummunan abu, sabili da haka ba su da tsoro.
Ribobi da fursunoni na irin
Kyakkyawan kaddarorin irin sun hada da:
- Rashin fahimta a cikin abinci.
- Kyakkyawan haihuwa.
- Yalwa mai yawa na zomayen jarirai - mata suna da madara mai yawa, wanda ake ɗauka mai kyau a cikin inganci.
- Kyakkyawan rayuwa na zomaye.
- Saurin girma na jarirai.
- Hali mai yarda.
- Juriya ga cuta da canjin yanayi.
Nauyin nau'in Flanders ya kai 10kg
Halaye mara kyau
- Ya isa lokacin balaga.
- Naman naman shine 55-60%. Ko da yake la'akari girman zomon flanders, adadin ya fi girma. Matsakaicin mutum yana da kusan kilogiram 4 na tsarkakakken nama. Ya fi girma zomo, samfurin da ke da amfani.
- Hanyar haihuwa da gaɓoɓi. Ya faru cewa zomo yana da jarirai masu ƙarancin ƙafafu.
- Matsakaicin ingancin fata. Da yawa fluff tare da babban adadin masu tsaron gashi. Bugu da ƙari, murfin na iya zama mara daidai.
- Cutar ciki da yunwa akai akai.
- Babban farashi na "hanyoyin".
Kulawa da kulawa
Da farko kana buƙatar yanke shawara kan mazaunin zomaye. Don wurin kejin, an zaɓi wuri mai dumi da bushe, ba tare da zane ba. Kejin ya zama babba don dacewa da dabbobin gida. Girman da bai gaza 170x80x60 cm ba.Idan akwai zomo tare da yara a cikin keji, to ma fiye da - 170x110x60 cm.
Sizearin girman kejin ya zama dole don kare zuriyar daga tattake mahaifiyarta da nauyi. Ya zama dole a samar da kejin da masu shaye-shaye da masu ciyarwa. Mai sha ya kamata ya koshi koyaushe, musamman don zomo mai jinya. Akwai lokuta wadanda, saboda rashin ruwa, mace ta cinye jariran.
Wajibi ne a tsabtace wuraren a kai a kai, zomaye dabbobi ne masu tsabta. Ana ciyar da zomayen manya sau biyu zuwa uku a rana a cikin keji mai kariya daga iska da hasken rana kai tsaye. Ana amfani da kayan ƙasa azaman shimfidar ƙasa - itace, gado mai bushewa. Babu kayan aikin roba ko raga. Wannan na iya haifar da rashin lafiya da rauni ga dabba.
Nau'in ba shi da girman kai don kulawa, yana jure kusan dukkanin yanayin yanayi, ban da tsananin sanyi. Tiparamin ƙarami - samar da haske da dumamawa zuwa kejin, a takaice kwanakin hunturu basu da haske da zafi.
A kusan shekaru 45, ana yin zomo kan allurar rigakafin myxomatosis (cuta mai saurin yaduwa tare da yawan zafin jiki, samuwar kumburin kumburi, kumburin ciki da kai da rikitaccen idanu). A lokaci guda, ana yin rigakafi don cututtukan jini.
Wani lokaci ana yin hadadden rigakafin - allurai 2 bayan kwana 15. Amma duk hanyoyin kamar yadda aka tsara su kuma suna karkashin jagorancin likitan dabbobi. Idan ka lura da kasala, rashin son kai, duk wani ci gaban, kaikayi ko kuma inda ba'atamme a jikin dabba, je asibitin nan da nan.
Gina Jiki
Babban fasalin abincin flanders shine rashin haƙuri. Suna son abinci, amma suna buƙatar abinci da yawa. Da safe ana basu abinci mai daɗi kuma wasu suna mai da hankali (50-60 g), a lokacin cin abincin rana - sabo ne ciyawa ko busasshiyar hay, da yamma kuna iya basu silale sannan kuma 50-60 g na maida hankali. Kuna buƙatar ciyar da su a lokaci guda.
Sababbin ganye sun riga sun bushe kadan a rana. Ana shigar da sababbin abinci a cikin abincin a hankali. Ba a ba da izinin ba da tushen datti ga dabba mai ado ba. Da farko kana buƙatar wanke samfurin sosai ka niƙa shi. Sha'ir da biredin ma ana niƙa su, kuma ana shayar da ɗanyun na awoyi 3-4.
Bincika abincin ɗanɗanon ɗanɗano, kada a taɓa amfani da m ko ruɓaɓɓen abinci. Kuma kada ku ciyar da saman narkakkun dare (tumatir, eggplant, dankali), da kuma rassa tare da bishiyun fruita fruitan stonea stonean dutse, dattawa da ganye masu dafi. Kada ayi amfani da abinci mai sanyi. Anan ga ɗayan girke-girke na mash kayan lambu na flandra:
- Kabewa ko zucchini - rabo 1;
- Boiled dankali - 1 gungumen azaba;
- Fodder gwoza - 5 hannun jari;
- Karas - kashi 1.
Hakanan zaka iya ƙara abincin fili a can. Ana yin hatsin hatsi daga sha'ir ko alkama, hatsi - sassa 2 kowanne, da masara da kek - kashi 1 kowanne. Kuma kuma muna tunatar da ku game da ruwa. Ga babban dabba, yana da mahimmanci.
Sake haifuwa da tsawon rai
Don farawa zomayen kiwo na Flanders, kuna buƙatar sanin muhimmin nuance. Idan aka kwatanta da sauran nau'ikan, matan ƙirar Beljiyam sun yi balaguro, ba daɗewa da watanni 8 da haihuwa. Amma wannan ƙarin fa'ida ne ga haihuwa da ɗaukan lafiyayyun zuriya. Ciki yana ɗaukar kwanaki 25-28 kuma ba shi da wahala.
Haihuwar haihuwa ma sauki ne, akwai aƙalla zomaye 8 a cikin kwandon shara. Kowannensu yana da nauyin 80-100 g. A cikin makonnin farko uwa tana kula da ƙananan yara. Tana ciyar dasu madara mai gina jiki. Canja ruwa sau da yawa, aƙalla sau 3 a rana. Bayan makonni 3, jariran suna rarrafe daga cikin gida kuma suna ƙoƙarin ciyar da zomayen manya.
Maigidan yana buƙatar cire giyar uwar kuma ta kashe dukan ɗakin. Yara masu girma suna buƙatar bincika kowace rana. Idan ka lura da wata matsala, ka hanzarta ganin likita. A matsakaici, zomaye suna rayuwa shekaru 5-6, amma tare da kulawa mai kyau, ana iya ƙara lokacin zuwa shekaru 8.
Farashi da sake dubawa
Farashin zomo Flandre yana dauke wajen babban. Don zomo mai watanni uku, zaka iya biya daga 800 zuwa 1200 rubles. Zai fi kyau sayan dabbobi daga amintattun masu kiwo akan gonakin zomo. Sannan zaku tabbatar da ingantaccen kiwon lafiya na dabbobin gida.
Kafin sayayya, tambayi gogaggen masu mallakar game da keɓaɓɓun abubuwan kiwo kuma duba sake dubawa akan Intanet. Misali, akan gidan yanar gizo na otzovik, zaka iya karanta arias mai zuwa:
- Wani mazaunin Lipetsk, Olga: “Na fara kiwon irin ne shekaru 3 da suka gabata, kafin hakan bai san ni ba. Na sayi zomaye kuma ban yi nadama ba. Pretaunar girma mai girma. Mafi qarancin saka hannun jari na lokaci. Mata uwaye ne na gari. Duk zomayen suna raye ... ".
- Rostov-on-Don, Emil: “Na zama mai farin ciki mai mallakar zomo mai duhu Flandre. Ban ma yi tsammanin irin wannan kyakkyawan halin a cikin zomo ba. Mai wayo, mai biyayya da girma, kawai mafarki ne ... ".
- Snezhnoe, Ukraine, Igor: “Na yi ƙoƙarin kiwo zomo na Flanders kusan shekaru 3. Akwai zomaye da yawa, amma sun daɗe da daɗewa. Ya fi girma, ya gyara kejin fiye da sau ɗaya. Suna cin abinci da yawa. Amma sauran nau'in kirki ne masu natsuwa ... ”.
