Scarab irin ƙwaro hade da al'adun Misira, fir'auna, tatsuniyoyin dala da mummunan mummies. Mutanen gabas sun yi amfani da alamarsa tun zamanin da, lokacin da aka yi imanin cewa sanya abin layya a cikin siffar kwari yana kariya daga duk masifu. Scarab yana jan hankali ba kawai a matsayin cikakkiyar dabba ba, har ma a matsayin wani ɓangare na yanayin rayuwa tare da halaye da halaye iri daban-daban.
Bayani da fasali
Scarab na dangi ne na dangin beraye, wannan ya faru ne saboda cewa kwaro yana yin kwallaye daga taki kuma yana motsa su ta kan hanya mai nisa har sai ya sami wurin da ya dace don adana kayan abincinsa. Af, kwaron na birgima ƙwallan a koyaushe a hanya guda - daga gabas zuwa yamma, daidai da rana ta faɗi ta faɗi.
Wannan shine dalilin scarab irin ƙwaro a tsohuwar Masar wanda ke da alaƙa da allahn rana, wanda a cikin hotunan yana da jikin mutum da kan scarab. Kwaro a cikin mahaifarsa mai zafi ya kai girman 4 cm, amma a wasu wuraren, mutane sun fi ƙanƙanta - har zuwa 2 cm.
Jikin ƙwayar ƙwaro yana da ma'amala, yana da launi mai zurfin baƙi, a cikin samari matasa yana da laushi, amma tare da shekaru yana samun kyalkyali mai sheki. Kan yana da fitowar gaba ta musamman da idanu biyu, ya kasu kashi biyu, kuma clypeus mai hakora.
A kan dorsum akwai pantereiform elytra, saboda abin da aka kiyaye fuka-fuki daga zafi da lalacewa. Irin ƙwaro na tashi sama koda a cikin lokutan rana mafi zafi kuma yana iya saurin zuwa kilomita 11 / h. An rufe ciki da ƙafafu da gashin vellus, wanda ya bambanta launi a cikin maza da mata - a na farko suna da ja, na ƙarshen kuma suna baƙi.
Tunda bambance-bambancen jinsi basu bunkasa a cikin wannan nau'in kwari, ana banbanta su ne kawai ta hanyar bambancin launi da kuma ɗan ƙaramin tsawan baya na jikin mata. Legsafafu nau'i uku Scasar bera ta scarab suna da hanzari, kuma na gaba biyu suna hakowa, da kuma hakoran hakora, wanda ke basu damar mannewa da yanayin ƙasa mara kyau.
Irin
Ana daukar masana kimiyyar halittu a matsayin nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan ƙwayoyin cuta na Scarab, duk da haka, fiye da nau'ikan kwari 100 masu kama da wannan an banbanta su, an keɓe su cikin wani dangin na daban. Mafi na kowa su ne:
- Scarabaeus (Ateuchetus) armeniacus Menetries;
- Scarabaeus (Ateuchetus) cicatricosus;
- Scarabaeus (Ateuchetus) variolosus Fabricius;
- Scarabaeus (Scarabaeus) winkleri Stolfa.
Baya ga Tsarkakakke, wakilin da aka fi koya game da scarabs shine typhon, girmansa ya fi kyau (har zuwa 3 mm), kuma launi ya fi kama da launin ruwan kasa mai duhu fiye da baƙi. Ainihin, dukkanin jinsunan ƙwaro sun bambanta ne kawai a cikin tabarau da girma, kuma sun kasu dangane da mazaunin, saboda haka ba a yi karatun su kaɗan ba - an yarda da cewa ba su da bambancin ilimin lissafi, kuma hanyar rayuwa iri ɗaya ce ga kowa.
Rayuwa da mazauni
A al'adance ya bayyana cewa scarab irin ƙwaro yana rayuwa a Misira, duk da haka, an daidaita shi ko'ina cikin nahiyar Afirka da kuma a Yammacin Turai, baƙon abu bane haɗuwa da ƙwari a waɗannan wuraren.
A yankin tsibirin Kirimiya, ƙwaro yana kama ido, amma ya fi na Masar girma. A cikin Rasha, sikarar ta sauka a yankin Dagestan da Georgia, an sami ƙananan alƙarya a cikin ƙasan Volga.
An ga wasu mutane a Faransa, Larabawa, Girka da Turkiya - inda yanayin ke da sauƙi, kuma lokacin rani yana da tsawo da zafi.
Wani abin ban sha'awa shi ne cewa masana kimiyya suna ta kokarin gano alamun tabo a kasar Australiya sama da shekaru 20, amma ba a samu wakili ko daya daga jinsin ba, daga inda aka yanke hukuncin cewa wadannan kwari ba sa son kusancin kangaroos.
Kuna iya ganin scarab daga tsakiyar Afrilu har zuwa farkon yanayin sanyi. Kwarin na aiki da rana, amma da daddare, idan har yanzu bai gama dumama ba, zai iya huda cikin ƙasa sosai. Idan ya yi zafi da rana, ƙwaro yakan canza zuwa salon rayuwar dare.
Ana kiran scarab tsari mai kyau, saboda rayuwarsa gaba ɗaya tana tattare da sharar dabbobin ne. Bewaro dubu da yawa na iya zubar da taki a cikin awa ɗaya kafin lokacin ya bushe.
Gina Jiki
Abinda kawai, me scarab beetle ke ci - taki da shanu suka bari. Bayan samun sabon najasa, kwarin yakan samar da kwalliya daga ciki, yawanci yakan wuce girman sa. A wannan yanayin, ana amfani da haƙoran da ke kan kai, kuma ƙafafun gaba, sanye take da ƙugiyoyi masu kaifi, suna aiki a matsayin shebur.
Tushen ƙwallon wani yanki ne na taki mai siffar zagaye: scarab ya kama shi da ƙafafun kafa na baya kuma baya sakewa daga gare su har zuwa ƙarshen samuwar ƙwallon. Bayan an samo tushe mai mahimmanci, ƙwaro ya sauka a saman kuma tare da taimakon "kayan aiki" a gaban jiki ya fara raba kayan abu daga yawancin taki, yana liƙe su da tushe sosai kuma yana yin ƙwallon da ya kewaya.
Yanzu kwari yana bukatar hanzarin kora abin da ya kwashe zuwa wani wuri mai aminci - ana yawan fada a kan abincin da aka shirya tsakanin mutane daban-daban, don haka za ku iya rasa 'ya'yan aikinku. Irin ƙwaro da sauri tana birgima ƙwallon zuwa tazarar mitoci da yawa, kuma mafi nisa daga wurin samuwarta, mafi girman saurin da yake haɓaka.
Abin lura ne cewa a kan hanya, ƙaramin ƙwaro ƙwari zai iya sauka a cikin taki, wannan ba zai tsoma baki ba, sai dai idan kwari sun yi yawa.
Bayan sun sami keɓantaccen wuri don adana kayayyaki, kwarin ya haƙa rami a cikin ƙasa kuma ya binne ƙwallon dung. Don kwanaki 10-14 na gaba, wurin da ke kusa da ganima ya zama gidan scarab, domin a wannan lokacin yana da isasshen abinci. Bayan kwalliya ta gaba ta gaji kanta, sai a sake maimaita zagayowar.
Sake haifuwa da tsawon rai
Abin mamaki, ƙwallan dung sun zama dalilin ɓarna don ƙirƙirar nau'i-nau'i: namiji yana haɗuwa da mace baliga, suna shirya abinci, bayan haka kuma suna haɗa abinci tare don ɗiyan da zasu zo nan gaba.
Don adana abinci, wasu ƙwayoyin kwari sun haƙa rami mai zurfin 10 zuwa 30 cm, a bangon da yake yin hutu. Ruwan tabarau scarab irin ƙwaro a cikin hoton yayi kama da gidan tururuwa tare da babbar kofa don tura kwallaye; mutanen wannan jinsin sun fi son tono su a cikin ƙasa mai yashi.
Bayan an adana isasshen abinci, sai scarab ɗin ya mirgine ƙwallan cikin burrow, mace ta haɗu da namiji, bayan haka mace mace ta zaɓi ɓangarori da dama na taki da aka shirya kuma, tare da taimakon ƙafafun gaba, ta samar da kumburarrun masu fasalin pear daga cikinsu.
A sashinsu na kunkuntar, tana dagewa da tsutsa guda daya, yawanci daga 4 zuwa 20 daga cikinsu. Bayan haka ƙwaro biyu suna binne zuriyar da zasu zo nan gaba tare da kayan abinci kuma su barshi har abada. Hakanan ma'auratan basu tsira ba - daga wannan lokacin zuwa kowane mutum da kansa yake kula da abincinsa.
Tsarin rayuwar scarab yana da matakai 4, yayin aiwatarwa wanda aka kirkiro sabbin mutane:
1.gg (an jinkirta da mace, yana ci gaba da kasancewa cikin ƙwallon mazaunin da mace ta ƙirƙira har zuwa kwanaki 10-12);
2.larva (ya bayyana kusan makonni 2 bayan oviposition kuma baya canzawa tsawon wata guda, ciyar da kayan da iyayen suka bari);
3. kirisalis (a wannan lokacin, kwaron ya riga ya zama cikakke, amma ba shi da sauri don tonowa da fitowa zuwa farfajiya, akasin haka, yana haifar da ƙwanƙwan ƙarya a kanta kuma ya zama mai aiki);
4. tsohon scarab (ya bar matsuguni lokacin da ƙasa tayi laushi tare da ruwan sama na bazara kuma ta fara wanzuwa lokacin da ta girma, da ƙoshin kansu). Rayuwar scarab takaitacciya ce ta ma'aunin kwari - shekaru 2, a cikin yanayi mai yanayi mai sanyi da sanyi, ƙwaro yana jiran sanyi, yin kayayyaki da ɓoyewa cikin zurfafan rami, yayin da tsarin rayuwarsa ba ya raguwa, ba ya yin bacci.
Fa'idodi da cutarwa ga mutane
Scarab irin ƙwaro ba mai hadari ga mutum: ba zai kawo hari ba ko ya lalata kayan abinci ko tsire-tsire ba. Akasin haka, ta amfani da ragowar kwayoyin, yana taimaka wa wadatar ƙasa da ma'adanai kuma yana hana ci gaban ƙwayoyin cuta a cikinsu, ba ma maganar takamammen ƙanshin taki.
Ramin da kwari ke shiryawa ga zuriya sun zama wani irin haske ga ƙasa, yana ba da iskar oxygen ga tushen shuke-shuke. Masarawa scarab irin ƙwaro - alama ce, kiyaye haɗin tsakanin Sun Allah da mutane. An yi imanin cewa kwarin yana tare da mutum a cikin duniya da lahira, yana nuna hasken rana a cikin zuciya.
Yayin da Bamasaren yake da rai, Holy Scarab yana jan sa'a, yana ba da tsawon rai da wadata, yana kariya daga mugayen ruhohi kuma yana kawo kyakkyawan girbi. Bayan mutuwa, kwaron yana taimakawa wajen neman sabon rayuwa, tunda addinin Masarawa ya dogara ne akan rashin kurwa na rai. Ko a yau, musamman masu imani a Misira sun saka hoton scarab da aka yi da yumbu, ƙarfe ko gilashi a cikin jana'izar.
A zamanin da, mutanen bankunan Kogin Nilu suna da al'adar yin musabaka ga masu martaba, sa'annan a sanya karamin scarab da aka yi da karfe mai daraja kuma aka yi wa ado da duwatsu a wurin da aka cire zuciyar. Al'adar tana hade da fahimtar cewa zuciya ita ce babbar gabar rayuwar dan adam, saboda haka tsohuwar scarab irin ƙwaro an kira shi don taimakawa ƙwayoyin cuta na sabuwar rayuwa.
Masarawa na zamani, tare da ci gaban kimiyya da magani, sun fara ɗaukar mutuwa a matsayin babu makawa, amma alamar scarab bai ɓace daga rayukansu ba. An yi imanin cewa hotuna da adadi na irin ƙwaro da ke birgima ƙwallonta na kawo sa'a ga ɗalibai - bayan ma, kwari daga sharar gida yana samar da kyakkyawan yanayin yanayin yanayin geometric, yayin aiki tukuru.
Yana taimaka wa mutane masu kirkiro don cimma burinsu, ƙirƙira da juya abubuwa mafi sauƙi a kallon farko zuwa ayyukan fasaha. Ga mata, scarab shine mai kiyaye kyawawan halaye da tsawon rai, saboda tun asali ana ɗaukarsa alama ce ta rayuwa.
Don jima'i mai ƙarfi, yana ba da sanannun abokan aiki da haɓaka kuɗi mai yawa. Masarawa suna da tabbaci cewa ƙazantar da alamar scarab ta wakilan wani addini yana haifar da fushin manyan masu iko har zuwa la'ana ta ƙarshe.
Me yasa scarab yake mafarki?
Mafarki sau da yawa yakan sa mutum ya magance matsala ko ya yi gargaɗi game da haɗari. Tabbas, kwaro mai tsarki a cikin mafarki yana ɗauke da wata ma'ana, wanda ke da mahimmanci fassara daidai. Don fahimta me yasa scarab beetle yake mafarki, yana da kyau a tuna da dukkan bayanai game da bacci da kuma magana akan litattafan mafarki da yawa:
— Littafin mafarkin Miller: scarab ya bayyana karara cewa za a iya samun nasara ne kawai idan ka ba da kanka ga kasuwancin kai tsaye kuma ka yi ƙoƙari don kammala aikin;
— Littafin mafarki na Gypsy: kwari yayi alƙawarin sa'a kuma ya yarda da hanyar da mai mafarkin ya zaɓa, amma fa sai idan scarab mai tashi sama yayi mafarki;
— Littafin mafarki na gabas: idan ƙwaro ya kasance a cikin bakin, ya kamata a fassara mafarkin a matsayin gargaɗi game da rashin hankali da rashin kulawar kalmomi. Ya kamata ku yi tunani kafin yin jawabai masu zafi, saboda suna iya haifar da sakamakon da ba a so;
— Littafin mafarkin Aesop: sami scarab a cikin gadonka - nan da nan sami rabi na biyu;
— Littafin mafarkin Assuriya: idan ƙwaro daga cizon mafarki, ana iya ɗaukar wannan azaman faɗakarwa game da ɓoyayyen tasirin wasu mutane akan makomar mai mafarkin. Idan cizon ya wuce ba tare da wata alama ba - babu wani abin tsoro, idan an ga ɓoyayye a wurinsa - ayyukan magabta zai kawo musu sakamakon da ake so;
— Littafin mafarki mai daraja: babban scarab yayi alƙawarin sirrin mara kyau game da mutumin da yayi mafarkin. Zasu kawo barazanar rayuwa da mummunan tasiri ga dangantaka da ƙaunatattun;
— Littafin mafarki na zamani: Arawaron ƙwarjin da yarinya ta gani a mafarki ya yi alƙawarin yin aure da wuri, amma idan ƙwaron ya cinye, auren ba zai daɗe ba.
Idan a cikin mafarki scarab din bai tsaya ba kawai, amma ya motsa ko ya yi mu'amala ta kowace hanya tare da mai mafarkin, wannan yana da tasiri a kan fassarar mafarkin:
- kwarin da ambaliyar ta cika da amber yana nufin cewa ba da daɗewa ba zaku ɗauki nauyi na alhakin makomar wani mutum;
- kayan ado masu daraja a cikin sifar mafarki na dukiyar da ba zato ba tsammani - cin caca, gado ko kyauta;
- hoton kwari a cikin kayan gida yayi alƙawarin jituwa da mafarkin a rayuwar iyali da gina alaƙa da yara da mata;
- jin ƙyama a cikin mafarki don scarab ko takamaiman abincinsa yana nuna cewa a zahiri ana yada jita-jita marasa dadi game da mai mafarkin wanda zai iya lalata alaƙa da ƙaunatattu;
- ƙwaro mai daɗaɗawa a cikin farantin ya yi gargaɗi game da yin ma'amaloli masu mahimmanci, musamman tare da mutanen da ba a tantance su ba: akwai yiwuwar samun asarar kuɗi;
- idan scarab ya tsallaka hanya ko kuma yana kan hanya ne kawai, za a yi taron da zai shafi makomar mai mafarkin.
Scarab, duk da yanayinsa mai ban tsoro da launi mai duhu, baya alƙawarin manyan matsaloli ko matsalolin lafiya a cikin mafarki. Ba kamar sauran kwari da yawa ba, ya zama jigon nasara idan kun saka hannun jari a cikin nasararta.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa
- An sanya kwaron beran sikan a cikin littafin Red Book saboda raguwar mutane a duniya, yana karkashin kariya, kuma halakar wakilan jinsin yana da hukuncin tara.
- A kan yankin kasar Rasha, an samo wasu nau'ikan nau'in dung 8 na dung, duk da haka, kusan mawuyacin saduwa dasu a tsakiyar hanya - sun kasance kusa da yankuna masu zafi na kasarmu.
- Kwan kwan da mace ta saka zai iya kaiwa 3 cm a diamita kuma yakai gram 2, amma mafi yawansu sun fi yawa.
- Don hunturu, ƙwaro yana iya gina rami mai zurfin mita 2.5 - 3, ya cika shi zuwa saman da kwallayen dung.
- Nauyin kwallan da scarab ya halitta na iya kaiwa gram 50 tare da nauyin kwaro mai nauyin gram 2-4.
- Tattoo wanda yake nuna ƙwarjin ƙwarya a zamanin da an ɗauke shi alama ce ta tashin matattu, a yau ana yin su ne don samun kwarin gwiwa da ƙarfi don matsawa zuwa ga manufar da aka sa gaba.
- A dung kwaro yana da kunci, an nuna su a kai tare da launuka masu launin ja.
- A cikin dukkan ƙwai da aka sa, sabbin mutane suna bayyana, amma daga cikinsu akwai marasa lafiya ko ma waɗanda suka canza rai - tsawon rayuwarsu bai wuce watanni 3 ba.
- Masana kimiyya na Ostiraliya sun kawo scara zuwa kasar sau hudu a cikin shekarun 1980, lokacin da kwari na gida ba su iya jurewa da sarrafa dabbobin kiwo saboda tsananin zafi, ƙwarowar sun taimaka wajen magance matsalar, amma ba su hayayyafa ba kuma ba su sami tushe a babban yankin ba.
Don haka, beran ƙwaryar ya sami karbuwa sosai ba kawai a matsayin tsari na ƙasa ba kuma mai isar da abubuwa daga ragowar kwayoyin halitta, har ma a matsayin dabba mai tsarki. Bayan lokaci, alamar Misrawa ta Scarab mai tsarki ta fara bayyana a cikin wasu al'adu.
An nuna kwarin akan kayan gida, jarfa da kayan ado. An yi imanin cewa ɗan kwatancen ƙwaro, wanda aka yi wa ado da duwatsu kuma aka yi shi da ƙarfe masu daraja, zai kawo sa'a kuma ya kare daga masifa.
