Hadin kai game da wuri da kuma yaushe ya bayyana kifin kifi a cikin ruwan Turai, babu. Dangane da ɗayan sifofin, asalin wannan asalin an gabatar dashi ne zuwa yankin Rasha daga ƙasashen gabas azaman kifin akwatin kifaye. Bayan sanya shi a cikin yanayin yanayi, ya dace da sauri kuma ya fara yaduwa sosai.
Homelandasar rotan ana ɗaukarta a matsayin Kogin Amur na Gabas, inda ake samun sa da yawa. Wani bakon abu, mai firgitarwa mai kama da tsoro, a yau yana zama barazana ga sauran nau'in kifin.
A cikin tafki, inda mai bacci mara kyau ya faɗi, nau'ikan jinsin yakan canza a hankali, yana talauta dabbobin ruwa. Saboda haka, masunta ba su da abokantaka sosai da irin wannan kifin na ruwa.
Yawancin masu sha'awar kamun kifi suna nuna ba wai kawai don yanayin kifin mai ban tsoro da mara daɗi ba, har ma da ɗan ɗanɗano. Koyaya, a gefe guda, masunta sun fara lura cewa a cikin wuraren da ruwa ke zaune, wasu nau'ikan kifayen suna da girma masu girma. Ana iya bayanin wannan ta hanyar cin caviar da ƙananan kifi, rotan kuma yana sanya zaɓin yanayi.
Mutanen da suka rayu sun girma zuwa girma masu ban sha'awa. Sabili da haka, ana iya la'akari da tasirin rotan akan yanayin halittar ruwa daga bangarori da yawa. A kowane hali, sani da wannan sabon mai farautar zai kasance mai amfani da kuma sanarwa.
Bayani da fasali
Babban fasalin kifin rotan - ikon canza kamanni a duk wani ruwa da yake ciki. Ya danganta da tsarin launi na muhalli (inuwar ruwa, yanayin ƙasa), launin mai farautar na iya zama launin toka, rawaya, launin ruwan kasa ko kusan baƙi. Godiya ga irin waɗannan dabi'un "hawainiya", kifayen suna ɗaukar babban birki a cikin kowane mazaunin. Kuna iya gane kifin kifi tsakanin wasu ta hanyar abubuwan masu zuwa:
- babban kai bai dace da jiki ba, tare da baki mai fadi;
- gill na rufewa suna gefen gefen jiki;
- a bakin rotan akwai layuka da yawa na kaifi da siraran hakora, waɗanda ake sabunta su yayin da suka tsufa;
- jikin kifin an rufe shi da silsila, mara daɗi, ƙanshi mai ƙamshi, wanda ke taimaka masa sosai don motsawa cikin sauri da sauri cikin ruwa;
- sabanin kifin dangin goby, wanda da wuta yake rikicewa sau da yawa, mai farautar yana da kananan hankulan kafafu wadanda suke nesa kusa da kai, wanda za'a iya lura dasu akan hoton kifin rotan.
Ba shi da girma a girma. Matsakaicin tsayinsa ya zama cm 12-15. Duk da haka, akwai lokuta na haɗuwa da manyan samfuran, waɗanda suka kai 25 cm a tsayi tare da nauyin nauyin fiye da 500 g.
A kan wikipedia kifin kifi an bayyana shi a matsayin mai farauta wanda ke da kyan gani sosai. Wannan yana ba shi damar bincika ƙananan bayanai a ƙarƙashin ruwa a nesa har zuwa mita 5. Hakanan, ingantaccen layin gefe a jiki yana ba da gudummawa don gano yiwuwar farauta.
Nau'in jinsuna
Rotan, wanda ke rayuwa a cikin ruwa, duk da bambancin bambancin dake tsakanin samfuran, yana cikin jinsin guda, wanda ake kira da wuta. Saurin rarraba kifin da ba a sani ba a cikin tafkunan ruwa, tare da ikon daidaitawa a cikin kowane yanayi, ya ba da gudummawa ga gaskiyar cewa ta sami wasu sunaye da yawa: goby, ƙirƙira, sandpiper, katako zagaye, gulper, wrasse, da sauransu.
Babban gobarar da ke zaune a cikin ruwan Rasha launin ruwan kasa ne da matsakaici a girma. Kifin da ke iyo kusa da tushe yana da inuwa mafi duhu. Ba tare da la’akari da launi da sunan da masunta ke sanya wa mai farauta a yankuna daban-daban ba, duk samfuran da aka kama suna da jinsi iri daya.
Rayuwa da mazauni
Hadarin kifin salama, wutar wuta, yana zaɓar tafkunan ruwa tare da ruwa mai kaɗawa a matsayin mazauni: fadama, kududdufai masu fadama, kogin shan ruwa, ƙananan tafkuna. Mafi yawa ƙasa da na kowa kogin rotan a cikin ruwan ruwa tare da matsakaiciyar motsi na ruwa. Wannan shi ne saboda dalilai masu zuwa:
- yanayin ruwan a cikin ruwa mai tsafta ya fi na koguna masu gudana, wanda shine mahimmin mahimmanci ga rowan thermophilic;
- a cikin irin wannan yanayin, wutar wuta tana jin daɗi kamar yadda zai yiwu, ya rage ɗayan ɓarawon tafki.
Rashin sani kifin rotan ga yanayin muhalli an bayyana shi cikin ikon sauƙaƙa haƙuri rashi oxygen a cikin ruwa. Burrowing cikin ƙasa mai laka, mai farauta yana iya tsira daga daskarewa ko kusan kammala bushewa daga tafki. Sabili da haka, rotan baya shan ƙaura, ya fi son yin salon rayuwa.
Masunta daga yankunan arewacin Rasha sun gudanar da nishaɗi mai ban sha'awa na rotan a cikin hunturu. Kafin lokacin sanyi, maigidan yakan samar da tarin mutane a cikin ramin dusar kankara, inda zafin jiki ba ya sauka kasa da -1 digiri Celsius, kuma ya fada cikin yanayin toshiya, wanda zai ci gaba har zuwa Afrilu. Idan a wannan lokacin an cire gobarar daga kankara kuma aka sanya ta a ruwa cikin zafin jiki na yau da kullun, mai farautar ya sake rayuwa cikin kankanin lokaci kuma ya fara motsawa cikin neman abinci.
A yankin Turai na Rasha, wutar wuta ba ta yin bacci; masunta na kama shi a kan tafkuna duk shekara. Sun lura cewa a cikin kananan wuraren tafki masu girman Amur mai bacci kadan ne. Ana samun manyan samfuran a cikin ruwaye masu gudana, inda manya-manyan masu cutar wasu jinsunan ke tsara lambobin su.
A yau rotan ya bazu ko'ina cikin Rasha, inda yake zaune a fadama, koguna da suka yi girma, koramai, kogunan rafi, da duwatsu, da sauransu. A cikin wuraren waha, ana samun wannan kifin a cikin Irtysh, Volga, Don, Styr da sauran manyan ruwa.
A wajan ruwayen inda akwai dogayen hannayen jari na kifi da adadi mai yawa na masu cin karensu babu babbaka, masu jujjuya sun mamaye wani yanki mara kyau a kusa da yankunan bakin teku, inda ciyayi masu yawa da kuma manyan kayan abinci. Sabili da haka, a cikin irin waɗannan magudanan ruwa, ana jin tasirin tasirin itacen wuta a kan yawan sauran kifaye kaɗan.
Gina Jiki
Itacen katako yana da babban ciki, don haka ƙwararren masunci wanda ya kama wannan kifin a karon farko yana iya yin mamaki: Menene kifin rotan yake ci?... Wutar wuta ta fara farauta tana da ƙananan sigogi, ta kai tsawon har zuwa cm 1. Irin wannan soyayyen yana zaɓar ƙwai na sauran kifin a matsayin abinci, kuma cin sa akai-akai yana cutar da yawan su.
Baya ga ƙwai, manyan mutane suna ciyar da larvae na amphibian, leɓe, karamin soyayyen sauran kifaye, da dai sauransu. An lura da al'amuran cin naman mutane a cikin wannan rukunin kifin, lokacin da manyan samfuran ke cin ƙananan wakilan dangin su. Irin waɗannan yanayi sun fi yawa yayin girma rotan a cikin tafkunan roba da ruwa.
A cikin ruwa mai zurfin ruwa inda aka samo rotan, duk sauran nau'ikan kifayen sun ɓace a cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci, ko kuma rage yawan mutane da yawa. A wannan yanayin, manyan samfuran sun kasance, waɗanda sun fi ƙarfin wutar wuta.
A wasu lokuta, waɗannan mazaunan sararin ruwa suna kafa makarantu, suna shirya farautar ƙananan kifi. A cikin wani harin gama gari, suna kewaye da soya daga kowane ɓangare, kuma tare da saurin shanye kifin mai sauri, ba tare da katse harin ba har sai duk ɓangarorin makarantar da ke cin abincin sun ƙoshi. Bayan ire-iren wadannan hare-hare, wutar wuta tana zuwa kasa, ta zauna a can tsawon kwanaki, tana narkar da abincin da ke sha.
Manya suna da ƙarfi, baki mai faɗi tare da hammatar gaba. Wannan yana bawa kifin farauta damar hadiye wakilan sauran kifin santimita 6, koda kuwa suna da kaurin jiki daya. Kama ganima mafi girma shine hanya, wanda baya haifar da cikas ga numfashin kifi, wanda aka bayyana a cikin yanayin motsawar halittar rufin murfin wuta.
Baya ga soya mai aiki, wacce ita ce babbar hanyar abinci ga mai bacci Amur, tana kuma ciyar da tsutsa da aka ɗauke daga ƙasan laka, kwari da ke yawo a saman ruwan. Yana kama abincin da yake cikin ƙasa mai ruwa tare da da ƙwarin.
Kasancewa ta ɗabi'a ba ta wadatarwa da haɗama, wutar wuta ta fi son ta kwaɗaita kanta don amfanin nan gaba. Sabili da haka, bayan yawan ƙiba, ciki na iya ƙaruwa cikin girma sau 2-3. Bayan haka, ba sa iya jimrewa da kumburin ciki, kifin ya nitse zuwa ƙasan tafkin na tsawon kwanaki don narkar da abinci.
Hakanan, irin wannan shayarwar tana taka rawa mai kyau ga mai farauta lokacin da aka sami ƙarancin abinci. Tsarin narkewa yana zuwa kwanaki 2. A wannan lokacin, wutar wuta a zahiri ba ta motsawa.
Yanayin komai na musamman da fifikon dandano na rotan suna taimakawa ga gaskiyar cewa yawanta koyaushe kusan a matakin daya. A cikin keɓaɓɓun wurare ana samun irin wannan sakamakon saboda manyan mutane da ke cin ƙananan “dangin” su.
Sake haifuwa da tsawon rai
Ikon haifuwa a cikin Amur mai bacci yana farawa a cikin shekara ta biyu ko uku ta rayuwa. Lokacin ɓatancin aiki na mai farauta yana farawa a watan Mayu kuma ya ƙare a watan Yuli. Arin yanayi mafi kyau don wannan shine ruwa mai ɗumi mai kyau, digiri 15-20. Wata mace mai girman girman girma a kowane lokaci tana iya haihuwar kusan dubu ƙwai.
A lokacin da ake haihuwa, maza suna samun duhu, kusan launin baƙi; wani nau'in girma yana bayyana a gefen gaban kawunansu. Mata, don kyakkyawan ganewarsu cikin laka, ruwan duhu, akasin haka, ya zama mai haske.
Kwai daga cikin wuta yana da yanayi mai tsayi, mai launi rawaya. Legsafafun zare suna taimaka wa ƙwai haɗuwa da gadon, wanda zai iya ɗaukar soyayyar gaba a kan abin da mace ta zaɓa. Amfani da rotan caviar yana ƙaruwa sosai saboda gaskiyar cewa yana rataye da yardar kaina, kullun ana wankeshi da ruwa, wanda hakan ke tabbatar da isashshen oxygen zuwa gare shi.
Kariyar 'ya'ya ana aiwatar da ita ne ta maza kawai, wadanda koyaushe suna cikin shirin kokawa kafin hare-haren wasu masu cin abincin da suke son cin abinci a kan caviar. Yana da wahala rotan ya iya jimre da hare-haren wuce gona da iri.
Bayan soyayen farko sun fara bayyana daga qwai, namijin da kansa ya ci wasu daga cikinsu. Wannan shine asalin wannan dangin kifi, wanda ke ci gaba da gwagwarmaya don rayuwa na shekaru daban-daban.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa ita ce, ba da jimawa ba ake samun rotan a cikin ruwan gishiri kaɗan. Amma mai farauta ya fi son zuwa ruwa mai ɗaci don ɓoyewa. Tsawancin ran wuta yana gajere, galibi bai wuce shekaru 5 ba. Koyaya, a ƙarƙashin yanayi mai kyau, zai iya rayuwa tsawon shekaru 7 ko fiye.
Kama rotan
Akwai bita da yawa game da masunta game da rotan, mai kyau da mara kyau. Wasu na jin haushin mamayar wannan mahaukacin mai farauta, yayin da wasu kuma, akasin haka, suna cikin damuwa, suna ba da bege don kama manyan kifayen wasu nau'o'in.
Kama itace a lokacin sanyi sanannu ne. A wannan lokacin, mai farautar yana fuskantar ƙarancin abinci, ya zama mai haɗama, kuma cikin farin ciki yana hanzarin zuwa kusan kowane ƙugiya. Sabili da haka, koda mai farawa zai iya kama shi ba tare da ƙoƙari sosai a lokacin hunturu ba.
Duk wani katangar da ta samo asali daga dabba ana amfani da ita azaman katangar rotan: cincin kai tsaye, nama, tsutsotsi, tsutsotsi, da sauransu. Lokacin zabar fareti na wucin gadi, yana da mahimmanci la'akari da gaskiyar cewa rotan ba zai yi iyo ba wucewar amplitude, abin haushi game da wasan.
Wuraren da aka fi so don kifi suna da girma sosai, tsafta, yankuna masu tafki na tafki. Dangane da cewa rarraba katangar gobara a yankin ruwa ba ta da daidaito, kuna buƙatar nemanta ta hanyar yin simintin gyare-gyare a wurare daban-daban.
Daga cikin matsalolin da masunta ke amfani da su a kamun kifi sun hada da:
- shawagi sanda. Yana da mahimmanci a "yi wasa" tare da shawagi, koyaushe yana ƙirƙirar bayyanar motsi na koto.
- Kadi Rotan yana aiki musamman wajen cizon mai wucin gadi, ƙamshi mai ƙamshi tare da babban motsi.
- Fishingasan sandar kamun kifi. Tare da taimakonta, zaku iya kama mafi girman samfurin kifi, amma, ya fi wuya a yi wannan, ƙoshin wuta mai ƙoshin lafiya yana kusa da ƙasan, don haka a wannan yanayin kuna buƙatar zaɓar madaidaiciyar ƙugiya.
Theimar abinci mai gina jiki
Yawancin masunta da suka kama mai farautar da aka ba da labarin nan suna tambayar kansu: Yi rotan cin kifi? Amsar ba ta da tabbas: wannan kifin abin ci ne. Wasu suna kyamar bayyanar yanayin rashin lafiyar mai farautar. Smellan ƙanshi mai laka da ƙaramin kifin suma suna wasa da shi. saboda haka wane irin kifi ne rotan ba su ma dandana ba.
Masoya daga gobarar suna jayayya cewa naman nasa mai laushi ne, mai laushi, mai taushi, kuma a cikin ɗanɗano bai fi na naman sauran nau'in mazaunan ruwa ba. Kafin dafa abinci, rotan an tsabtace shi sosai daga laka da sikeli, an cire kayan ciki, bayan haka ana iya amfani dashi don dalilai daban-daban: dafa abinci, soya, dafa abinci.
Bugu da kari, ya kamata a lura cewa naman rotan yana dauke da bitamin da microelements, wadanda ke da hannu dumu-dumu a cikin tsarin rayuwar dan adam. saboda haka amfanin rotan kifi wanda ba za a iya musuntawa ba, kuma a ƙididdige ƙididdigar wutar wuta ba ta da daraja.
Misali na kayan abinci na rotan
Dangane da gaskiyar cewa rotan galibi ƙananan kifi ne, ana amfani da shi sau da yawa don yin yankakke. Mutumin da bai san irin kifin da aka shirya shi da shi ba zai yi tunanin abin da aka yi daga abin da ba a gani ba, a cikin bayyanar da ba shi da daɗi, kuma ba kowa ne ya yaba wa mazaunan ruwa ba.
Don dafa abinci kuna buƙatar:
- ½ kilogiram na ƙananan itacen girki;
- ½ farin burodi;
- Kofin madara mai dumi (don jiƙa ɗanyun)
- 1 kwai;
- ½ albasa;
- kayan yaji su dandana;
- 1 tbsp man shanu;
- man kayan lambu don soyawa;
- Gurasar burodi don mirgina cutlets.
Dafa kifin kifi bai da bambanci da nama.
- Mun wuce da kifin da albasarta ta cikin injin nikakken nama, ko kuma niƙa su zuwa yanayin nikakke a cikin abin ƙyama.
- Toara a cikin sakamakon naman gurasar nama a baya da aka jiƙa shi a madara da ɗan kwai da aka dan kaɗa.
- Sanya cakuda da kayan ƙamshi, zuba a cikin narkewar mai. Idan ana so, zaka iya ƙara yankakken ganye don ƙara dandano na musamman a cikin kwanon.
- Bayan hada minannen naman zuwa daidaituwar kama, bar shi “hutawa” na mintuna 20-30.
Fasaha ta samuwar yankakken abu ne mai sauki: mun ware wani dan karamin nama daga nikakken nama, sai mu mirgine shi a cikin leda, sai mu mirgine shi a cikin burodin burodin, mu dan matsa kadan da hannuwanku, mu tsara cutlets.
Kuna buƙatar dafa irin waɗannan cutlets ɗin a cikin skillet mai ɗumi mai zafi akan matsakaicin zafi har sai ɓawon zinariya ya bayyana. Anshin ƙanshi mai kamshi mai kyau ya shirya. Yana da wuya wani daga cikin gidanku su yi tunanin cewa an yi amfani da irin wannan kifin, wanda mutane da yawa ba sa so - rotan.
Albarkatun ruwa na ƙasarmu suna da wadataccen mazauni a cikin su. Kuma har ma da kifi kamar Amur mai bacci, wanda ya sami ɗabi'a mara kyau game da kansa, ɓangare ne na tsarin halittu na duniya gabaɗaya, kuma ya cancanci kulawa da girmamawa.
