Kwaro ko magani? Medvedka shine duka. Ga fannin noma da furanni, kwaro kwaro ne. A lokaci guda, likitoci suna ba da shawara foda daga beyar a matsayin maganin kansar da tarin fuka.
Medvedka babba
Kwaron na dauke da fherase. Enzyme yana narkarda membrane na tubercle bacillus kuma yana hana rarraba ƙwayoyin tumo. Koyaya, bears ba a gane shi ta hanyar magani na hukuma.
Bayani da siffofin beyar
Medvedka - kwari, daidai da wasan kurket. Kamar shi, jarumar labarin tana matsayin Orthoptera. Wannan ɗayan jinsin kwari ne. Medvedka ya yi fice a tsakanin wasu:
- Tsawon jiki daga santimita 4 zuwa 10. Wannan yana la'akari da ƙananan filamentous 2 na ƙarshen ƙarshen ciki. Ana kiran appendages cerci. An kuma yi la’akari da tsawon eriya biyu a kan ƙwarin.
- Launi mai duhu mai duhu a saman kuma mai kore a ciki.
- Manyan idanu. Suna kan cephalothorax na beyar.
- Cutar kayan ciki. Ana tura jaɓa gaba.
- Farkon gora sun rikide zuwa shebur ko fika. Tsarinsu wanda aka shimfida ya baiwa beyar damar tono kasa kamar na laushi. Yana tare da ƙafafun gaba cewa kwaro yana yanke ƙarancin samari kuma yana sanya ramuka a cikin tushen amfanin gona.
- Wide amma taqaitaccen elytra. Fukafukai masu taushi sun fito daga ƙarƙashinsu. Suna nan kusa da bayan kwarin.
- Babban sanarwa. Yana lissafin kusan kashi ɗaya cikin uku na tsawon beyar.
- Harsashi mai wuya a kan cephalothorax. Launi mara kyau, kamar hular kwano, yana rufe kan kwaron.
Bears ya bambanta da sauran kuruketu a gajeren eriya, an faɗaɗa gaba ta baya da kuma kan gaban goshi da aka gyara.A cikin hoton kai ba wai kawai a cikin yanayin ƙwarin baligi ba, har ma tsutsa.
Dauke kwafin ƙwayoyin microscopic na manya
Yaran yara suna kama da waɗanda suka balaga ta hanyar jima'i, amma ba su da fikafikai kuma suna da ƙanana girma.Bear tsutsa fitowa daga kwai. Tsawonsa yakai milimita 3.5. Kwai launi yana rawaya. Ana yin furannin launin ruwan kasa da launin koren ganye.
Nau'in beyar
Kalmar "bear" ta haɗaka kusan nau'ikan 100 na manyan kwari masu ƙwoƙuru. Dukansu na Orthoptera ne kuma suna da iyali ɗaya. An kira shi haka - bears.
Iyali sun kasu gida biyu:
- Gryllotalpa. Iyalan gidan sun hada da na kowa, wanda ya zama ruwan dare gama gari a cikin Rasha.
- Scapteriscinae. Bears na wannan gidan yana zaune kusan duk Kudancin Amurka da wani yanki na Arewa.
- Marchandinae. Wannan rukunin gidan ya hada da beyar mai yatsu goma, gama gari a Amurka da Kanada.
Kwayoyin kowane gida sun rarraba ta jinsin mutum. A cikin Grulotaipa da Scapteriscinae akwai su 6. A Marchandinae akwai 5. Kusan rabin jinsunan burbushinsu ne. Sauran beyar na wadanda ake dasu ne.
Yanayin kwari da mazauninsu
Medvedka kwaro neɓoye a ɓoye. Alamomin kai tsaye na kasancewar kwari sune ramuka da aka tona shi kuma kasar ta warke a saman. Koyaya, beyar ta riga ta zaɓi sako, haske, ƙasa mai ni'ima. Qualityarshen ingancin ya zama dole don yalwar shuke-shuke wanda kwari ke ciyar da su. Halaye na farko 2 na ƙasa sun sauƙaƙa don bear ya ci gaba a ciki.
Baya ga sako-sako, kwaro yana kimanta danshi na kasa. An fi son ƙasar da ke ban ruwa. Daga ƙarƙashin sa, beyar ta bayyana da daddare. Wani lokaci kwari sukan tashi cikin haske. Maza suna kururuwa a lokaci guda, amma ba su da kyau fiye da kwarkwata. Ana iya jin muryoyin beyar a nisan mita 600.
Mai tattaunawar yana matsayin hanyar sadarwa. Kwari sun fi son sadarwa da daddare. Shirun rana yana haɗuwa da tsoron tsuntsaye. Tsuntsayen suna lissafin wurin beyar. Haske shine ƙarin jagorar. Da dare, jin beyar, tsuntsayen ba sa iya ganinsu.
Zaman farko na beyar zuwa farfajiya a yawancin Rasha an rubuta su a watan Mayu, kuma na ƙarshe a watan Satumba. Kwari suna yin hunturu a zurfin mita ɗaya. Wurin da kwayar ta saba zama ta kasance santimita 20 a ƙasa da saman duniya. Wannan matakin manya kenan. Yaran suna cikin zurfin santimita 5-10, kuma hunturu a 25.
Kwarin sun gudu sosai cikin kasa a kusurwar digiri 50-60. Nitsar da kwari a cikin ƙasa ya rikitar da amsar tambayar, yadda za a magance beyar... Za a iya ba yara da larvae ga kaji da tsuntsayen daji ta hanyar haƙa saman ƙasa a farkon bazara.
Insectswarin kwari rabin-rabi ba za su sami lokacin tserewa daga tsuntsaye masu yunwa ba. Amma me za a yi da kwari masu girma da ke ɓoye a cikin zurfin da yawa? Aboutari game da wannan a cikin babin ƙarshe. A halin yanzu, bari mu gano abin da kai ka iya ɓata a shafin.
Abincin Medvedka
Tsutsotsi, ƙananan kwari, larvae, taki, humus, saiwoyi, mai tushe, tsaba iri. nan abin da kai ka ci. Abincin manya da dabbobi dabbobi iri daya ne. Koyaya, saboda girmansu, ƙananan kwari galibi suna wadatar da abincin shuke-shuke, da na manya - tare da dabbobi.
Daga cikin larvae na beetles, ƙwaro ya fi son zuriyar zuriyar Colorado, Mayu da kuma tsuntsayen mata. Don neman abin farauta, kwaron yana zubar da ƙasa don tsire-tsire na al'adu su mutu daga lalacewar tushen tsarin. A takaice dai, beyar ba ta cin abincin da yawa kamar lalata girbi.
Ana ɗaukar Medvedka ɗayan mafi munin kwari na amfanin gona
Ganin amfanin beyar a cikin maganin gargajiya, wasu da gangan sukan hayayyafa da ƙwarin a cikin filayen ko a gida. Wasu lokuta, ana ajiye kwari, kamar yadda suke faɗa, don rai, kamar wasu nau'ikan gizo-gizo, kyankyasai.
Tambayar ita ce yadda ake ciyar da dabbobinka a gida. Dabbar ta ƙi kayan lambu, apples, cucumbers, dankali da strawberries. Su ne, a ra'ayin yawancin lambu masu son sha'awa, su ne abin cin abincin beyar. Koyaya, a zahiri, dabbobin gida sun zaɓi:
- nikakken nama
- Gammarus crustacean an sayar dashi azaman abincin kifi
- karamin hatsin hatsi
- kananan kwari, wanda a gida al'ada ce don hidimar marmarin bears zuwa teburin
Na zabi abinci don beyar, yana da mahimmanci a guji abinci mai ƙamshi. Kwari basu son ƙamshi mai ƙarfi. Wannan, ta hanya, yana ba da shawarar hanyar da za a bi da dabba idan kwaro ne, kuma ba ɗanyen magani ko dabba ba.
Sake haifuwa da tsawon rai
Medvedka kwari ne ko dabbayin gida a ƙasa. Soilasasshiyar ƙasa tana aiki azaman ganuwarta. A ciki akwai ɗaki mai ƙwai. Gida yana kusa da farfajiya, sau da yawa akan gefen gado na rana. Lokacin kiwo don bears yana farawa a watan Mayu kuma ya ƙare a farkon rabin Yuni. A wannan lokacin, kwari suna da murya musamman da daddare.
Yana daukar wata guda kafin tsutsar ta fito daga kwayayen. Yaran da aka haifa basu da fikafikai, suna da tsayi, kamar fara, ƙafafun kafa da baya. Har ila yau, matasa suna da rauni mara. Suna cizon kananan ƙwayoyi, ƙananan tsutsotsi, da tauna takin.
Koyaya, muƙamuƙin beyar babba bai isa ya ciji mutum ba. Amma kwaro na iya tsunkule gaban, gyaggyarawa da yatsan suka gyara. Thewayar ƙaya da ke fitowa a ƙafafun kwarin suna tono cikin fata kamar waɗanda aka fasa. Saboda haka tambaya akai-akai Shin beyar ya ciji... Lambu sun kuskure wani abu don cizon da gaske ba haka bane.
Gwanayen da ba su da kwarewa ba sau da yawa suna rikitar da ƙwayoyin ƙwaro da ƙwayoyin bera
Juyawa zuwa manya, ɗaukar larvae molt sau 8-10, suna samun sabon "harsashi". Yana ɗaukar shekaru 1-2 don girma. Har yanzu akwai sauran 1.5 don haifuwa. Bears ba safai yake rayuwa fiye da shekaru 3.5 ba.
Idan kwaron bai mutu da kansa ba, za a ci shi ba koyaushe tsuntsaye ba. A cikin ƙasashen Asiya, alal misali a cikin Thailand, ana ɗaukar bears a matsayin cin abinci. A wasu jihohin, ana daukar kwari don kamun kifi a matsayin koto. Don haka beyar ta fada cikin bakin pikes da perch.
Yadda za a magance beyar
Ba sa son ƙanshi mai ƙanshi, bears suna barin ƙasashe inda tafarnuwa, albasa, faski, mint, alder, cherry cherry suke girma. Ya isa a hada su a gadaje tare da wasu albarkatu domin kiyaye lambun.
Daga cikin hanyoyin inji na maganin kwari, zamu ambaci zurfin sassautawar kasar gona tare da jujjuyawar yadudduka. Koyaya, yafi mahimmanci don hana kwari mallakan shafin. Sau da yawa ana shigo da su da taki, wanda da ita ne ake yin ƙasar.
Sabili da haka, yana da mahimmanci a wadatar da ƙasa a lokacin bazara, bayan girbi, gab da yanayin sanyi, don ƙwarin ba za su iya daidaitawa da shirya don lokacin sanyi ba. Har ila yau wajibi ne don amfani da abin da ake kira taki balaga.
Daga cikin hanyoyin kariya na kwari, rarraba hatsi na masara mai guba akan shafin ya dace. An jike su a cikin Vofatox ko shirye-shirye makamantan su. Yana da al'ada a gare shi ya aiwatar da hanya a cikin bazara.
Medvedka kwari ne wanda ke iya iyo da tashi
Adadin kwari masu cutarwa akan shafin ya ragu da kashi 80-90%. Amfani da sinadarin ya zama daidai a cikin tsarin epiphytotic na rukunin yanar gizon. Kalmar tana nuna yawan ƙasar kwari. Ya kamata a sami bea 3 ko fiye a kowane murabba'in mita.
Ash na iya maye gurbin sunadarai. Yanayinta na alkaline da ƙamshi suna korar ƙwari. Medvedki ba su kusanci gadajen ba, tare da kewayen da aka gabatar da toka. Koyaya, akan alkaline da tsaka-tsakin ƙasa, yana da yawa, yana ƙara ɓatar da ph na ƙasa, yana tsoma baki tare da ci gaban amfanin gona da yawa. Tunda bears suna son damshi, yana da mahimmanci a kiyaye tsarin shayarwa don shuke-shuke ba tare da ambaliyar ruwa ba.
Wannan yana cike ne kawai ba tare da haihuwar kwari mai cutarwa ba, har ma da tushen ruɓa. Duk da barazanar beyar ga masu lambu, kwari ma na iya zama masu amfani. Fitar da kasar gona cikin matsakaici, bears din ta sako shi. Wannan yana sauƙaƙe damar iskar oxygen zuwa ƙasa, wanda ya zama dole don ci gaban shuke-shuke.
