Kogin Bahar Maliya ruwa ne wanda ke da fadin kasa kilomita murabba'i dubu 430. Tsawon layin bakin teku ya wuce kilomita dubu 4. Yawan ruwa a cikin tekun ya kai kilomita dubu 555. Suna rayuwa sama da nau'in kifi sama da 180. Daga cikinsu, 144 ruwa ne. Sauran na wucin gadi ne ko na ruwa. Thearshen suna iyo cikin tafki daga kogunan da suke gudãna a ciki.
Kifin kasuwanci na Bahar Maliya
Kifin kasuwanci na Bahar Maliya kowace shekara ana kama shi a cikin adadin kimanin tan dubu 23. Daga cikin wadannan, kusan dubu 17 kananan jinsuna ne:
1. Tulle. Na dangin herring ne. Baya ga Baƙar fata, nau'ikan suna rayuwa a cikin tekun Caspian da Azov. An bambanta kifin ta gajere da faɗi, da duhu mai duhu haɗe da gefen azurfa da ciki.
Nauyin tulka daya yakai gram 30 tare da tsayin jiki na santimita 12-14. Naman kifin yana da taushi, sananne ne saboda daidaitaccen abun sa. Ya ƙunshi mai yawa unsaturated m acid, bitamin B, abubuwan alamomin.
2. Gobies. Wadannan Black Sea kifi ba shi da rai a cikin ƙarfe. Abin tunawa yana cikin Berdyansk. Wannan birni ne na yankin Zaporozhye na Ukraine. Kifin da aka ɗora daga tagulla yana wakiltar mai ciyar da jama'ar yankin, babban nau'in kasuwancin.
Wakilanta suna da babban kai a sulusi na jiki. Latterarshen yana buƙatar ƙarfin hali. Yawancin jinsunan gobies suna haɗuwa a ƙarƙashin sunan gama gari. Martovik mafi girma ya kai kilogram 1.5 na nauyi.
Koyaya, yawancin gobies basu wuce gram 200, kuma suna da tsayin santimita 20. A gefe guda, kifayen nau'ikan sun yadu, suna da kaso mafi girma na zakin abin kamawa, kuma ana iya ci. Wannan yana nufin cewa ba za a rasa ku daga yunwa ba.
3. Fifa. Kifin yana da shuɗin-koren baya da gefen azurfa tare da ciki. An rarrabe dabbar ta wani dorsal fin da aka canza zuwa finfin caudal, babban baki da manyan idanu. Ga mutanen da basu san ilimin kifi ba, sprat yayi kama da tulka da anchovy.
Koyaya, an gina wuraren tunawa da su a ƙasashen waje. Sprat ya mutu a cikin garin Mamonovo na Rasha. Akwai teburin marmara tare da gwangwani na ƙarfe. Ya ƙunshi sprats. A kan ɗaya daga cikin kifin akwai kambi. Wannan yana nuna ƙimar kasuwancin nau'ikan.
4. Hamsa. An kuma kira shi gavros. Kifin da ke zaune a Bahar Maliya Ka sami jiki mai tsayi har zuwa santimita 17 tsawonta kuma nauyinta ya kai gram 25. Dabbar tana da babban baki, baya mai launin shuɗi-shuɗi da kuma gefen azurfa.
A waje, anchovy yayi kama da sprat, sprat, sprat, amma yana da nama mai taushi. Kwata na kilo a rana ya isa don biyan buƙatun yau da kullun don ƙimar mai ƙima kamar methionine, taurine, tryptophan.
5. Farin ciki. Yana nufin herring, yana da ma'aunan ƙaya a ciki. Suna shirya keel. Layin da yake nunawa yana ƙara ingantaccen kallo zuwa sprat kuma yana sanya shi marar ganuwa idan aka dube shi daga zurfin. Kifi a cikin Bahar Maliya yana da matsakaicin tsayi na santimita 10, yayi kimanin gram 20.
Sprat suna rayuwa cikin garken tumaki, ba a cikin Bahar Maliya kawai ake samun su ba. Misali a gefen tekun Ingila, kamun kifi ya wuce kima na kayan abinci, kuma an basu izinin taki filayen. Wannan shi ne halin da ake ciki a ƙarni na 19. A cikin 21st, adadin sprat yana raguwa.
6. Mullet. An bambanta kifin ta wurin hancin hanci da dorsal fin a layi daya. Wannan shi ne sakamakon lalatacciyar bayan dabba. Yana da jikin toka mai toka. AT nau'in kifin kasuwanci na Bahar Maliya Masara tana ba da gudummawar kimanin tan 290 na girbi kowace shekara.
Kowane kifi yana da madaidaicin kai tare da hanci mai hanci. Bakin dabba karami ne, bashi da hakora. Akwai daidaikun mutane masu nauyin kilogram 7. Koyaya, yawancin kifi suna da nauyin gram 300.
7. Pelengas. Tana da jiki mai kama da torpedo mai kaifi, manyan sikeli wanda har ya rufe kansa. Launin faranti ya yi launin ruwan kasa tare da ɗigon baki ɗaya a kowane sikelin. Akwai ninkeran fata na fata a bayan gefen bakin pelengas, kuma akwai fatar ido mai ƙanshi a idanun.
A tsayi, kifin ya kai santimita 60, yana iya ɗaukar nauyin kilogram 3. Kimanin tan 200 ake kamawa duk shekara.
8. Bakin zakara. Yana nufin perchiformes. Akwai nau'ikan nau'ikan zakaru na teku. Livesaya yana zaune a cikin Bahar Maliya. A tsayi, kifin ya kai santimita 35. A wajen tafkin akwai zakara mai rabin mita.
Sunan yana hade da launi mai haske na fika-fikai. Akwai allurai masu kaifi a kirjin, 3 akan kowannensu. Saka fika a cikin yashi, kifin yana ɗaukar ƙananan ganima, kamar dai a kan skewers. Koyaya, babban bakin yana bawa zakara damar farautar manyan kifaye.
Kodayake ba su da kyan gani, amma dabbobin da ke da ƙoshin haske an bambanta su da dandano kuma ana ba su abinci a gidajen abinci.
Yawancin kifin kasuwanci na tafkin ruwa ba su da matsala. Irin wannan ya yi dauri a yankin bakin kogi, a cikin gabar bakin teku. Don haɓakawa, kifaye suna rugawa zuwa ƙananan kogunan. Labari ne game:
- perch perch tare da ratsiyoyi masu ratsa jiki a kan tsawan jiki
- bream, wanda aka zaba a tsakanin kifi kuma yana da babban jiki mai matse ƙarfi daga ɓangarorin
- rago, wanda yake kama da vobla, amma ya fi girma, ya kai tsawon santimita 38, kuma yana iya auna kilogram 1.5
- mirone-barbel, samun nauyin kimanin kilo 10 tare da tsayin santimita 80, da yawa daga cikinsu gashin baki ne akan leben dabba na sama
Babu fiye da tan 300 na nau'ikan nau'ikan ɓarna a cikin tafki a shekara. Fishi cikin Bahar Maliya, don haka lissafin kusan 1.3% na jimlar samarwa.
Kimanin tan 1,000 na kifaye masu daraja ana girbe su a cikin Bahar Maliya a kowace shekara. An rage kamun saboda wasu ƙuntatawa da hani. Ba a kama kifin da ke cikin littafin Red Book a ma'aunin masana'antu ba. Daga cikin wadanda lambobinsu har yanzu suke a tsaye, mun lissafa:
1. Kifin Takobi. Yana da kama da perch, yana da hanci mai tsayi, wanda a zahiri shine leɓɓen sama. Zuwa gare ta farautar kifin Bahar Maliya a zahiri huda ganima. Koyaya, wani lokacin takobi-hanci suna toshewa cikin matsaloli na rai, misali, jiragen ruwa.
Wannan "anga" tana da tsawon mita 4 kuma tana da nauyin kilogram 500. A cikin Bahar Maliya, kifin takobi yana bayyana yayin ƙaura daga ruwan teku mai zafi. Saboda haka, kamun yana da iyaka, mara muhimmanci.
2. Pelamida. Na maƙarƙashiya ne, daban-daban a cikin mai, fari nama. Mai raba gardama ya kai mita a tsayi, ya kai kimanin kilo 9. Bonito ya shiga Bahar Maliya ta cikin Bosphorus.
Idan mackerel ba ta haihu a cikin ruwan Rasha ba, danginsa sun kasance don haifuwa. Koyaya, a cikin kaka, bonito yayi sauri ya koma Bosphorus.
3. Bluefish. Wadannan kifin Bahar Maliya a hoto da kyar ake iya gane su, amma suna cikin tuna, suna da nama mai dadi iri ɗaya. Kifin yana da girma, ya kai santimita 115, yana da nauyin kilogram 15.
Jikin maharbin ya lafa daga tarnaƙi, mai tsayi. Babban bakin bluefish din yana cike da hakora masu kaifi.
4. Gwanin launin ruwan kasa. Yana wakiltar salmonids a cikin tafkin, in ba haka ba ana kiran sa kifi. A cikin Bahar Maliya, kifin ba shi da matsala, ya kai tsawon mita kuma ya kai kilo 10-13. Fanshan ruwa mai nau'ikan kifi sun ninka karami sau 2-3. Duk kifin kifin yana da ja, nama mai daɗi.
5. Katran. AT sunayen kifin Bahar Maliya bugun shark Katran bai wuce mita 2 ba a tsayi kuma kilogram 15 na nauyi, baya haifar da haɗari ga mutane, amma yana da daɗi. Farin naman kifi mai haske ne, mai taushi.
Saboda kamun kifi, yawan jinsin yana raguwa. Maganar ƙara katran a cikin jerin kifaye masu kariya ana warware ta.
6. Faren kasa. Shagunan yawanci kanana ne. Koyaya, an kama ƙattai sama da tsayin mita 4. Yawan irin wannan kifin ya wuce kilogram 300. Amma, wannan yana wajen Bahar Maliya.
A ciki, mafi girman nau'in yawo tare da sunan kalkan ya faɗaɗa aƙalla santimita 70, kuma yana iya auna zuwa kilo 17.
7. Sargan. Jikin dabbar yana kama da kibiya a cikin sifa. Tsawonsa yakai santimita 70. Kifin yana da kumburin babba mai tsawo kuma, gabaɗaya, kai. Baki yana zaune da hakora masu kaifi. Wannan alama ce ta mai farauta. Babban abin farauta shine hamsa.
Bayan baya na kifin kifi kore ne, kuma tarnaƙi da ciki azurfa ne. Naman kifi fari ne, mai ci. Waɗanda ba su da masaniya da kifin kifi suna rikicewa da launin kore daga kashin bayan dabbar. Koyaya, babu guba a cikin ƙasusuwan.
8. Herring. Manyan halaye na kifi sun '' lullube da 'rashin iya kiyaye sabo. Abin da ya sa keɓaɓɓen ciyawar ke shan giya. Sabon kifi yana zuwa teburin masunta daga ƙauyukan bakin teku.
A can suka "haifar" da rudani cikin fahimtar abin da siffa jinsin ta ke. A zahiri, wannan dangin kifin ganyayyaki ne. Koyaya, masunta suna kiran sprat. Ana kiran saurayin herring herring. Ana kiran kifi na gishiri na musamman anchovy.
Kuma masana kimiyya suna kiran wannan wani keɓaɓɓen dangi wanda ba shi da alaƙa da herring. Kasance hakan kamar yadda ya kasance, akwai ainihin herring. Tsawonsa yakai santimita 40, yana da mai, nama mai ɗanɗano, jiki zagaye kuma mai tsayi tare da ma'aunin azurfa, ya yi duhu a bayansa.
nan wane irin kifi ake samu a Bahar Maliya kuma ya ƙare a shaguna, gidajen abinci. Koyaya, akwai wasu nau'ikan da wasu lokuta ke faɗuwa don sandunan kamun kifi da kuma cikin raga-raga na mazaunan wurin, amma ba su da darajar kasuwanci.
Kifi na Bahar Maliya, ba mahimmancin kasuwanci ba
Kamar nau'ikan kasuwanci, nau'ikan da basu da mahimmancin masana'antu da wuya su zauna ƙasa da alamar mita 200. A can, a cikin Bahar Maliya, wani Layer mai cike da hydrogen sulfide yana farawa. Yanayin yana da ɗan amfani ga rayuwa.
Kifin tafkin da ba shi da darajar kasuwanci ya haɗa da:
1. Karen bilki. Tsawon kifin ya fara daga santimita 20 zuwa rabin mita. Ba a samun mutanen da suka fi santimita 30 a cikin Bahar Baƙin. Akwai raƙuman fata na fata a kusurwar bakin.
Lokacin da kare ya bude bakinsa da karfi, sai su mika. Sakamakon haka babbar murya ce wacce ke kamawa da tsotsar ganima. Kifin sa ya kama, yana ɓoye tsakanin duwatsu na ƙasa. Karnuka masu ci ne, amma suna da ɗanɗano a dandano, banda, ƙoshin lafiya.
2. Ruwan teku. Matsakaicinsa yakai santimita 30. An bambanta jinsin ta ikon canza launi. Zai iya zama daga launin ruwan kasa zuwa rawaya, ja. Hakanan ruff yana iya canza fata, yin ɓace akan duwatsu.
Dadi, nama mai laushi a karkashin fata. Koyaya, saboda ƙananan girman sa, salon rayuwa shi kaɗai da tsarin ƙashi, nau'ikan basa cikin jinsunan kasuwanci.
3. Allura. Wadannan kifin suna da tsawon santimita 60 kuma nauyinsu bai wuce gram 10 ba. Akwai, kamar yadda suke faɗa, babu komai. Faɗin jikin allura tare da fensir. Launin dabbar launin ruwan kasa ne domin canza kama a cikin dajin ciyawar ruwa.
Sunan "allura" gama gari ne Musamman, rukunin ya haɗa da sketts na santimita 20 waɗanda suke kama da kayan dara.
4. Zvezdochetov. Akwai nau'ikan 15. Daya yana zaune a cikin Bahar Maliya. Yana da faffadan kai mai manyan idanu kusa da cibiyar. Suna kallon sama lokacin da kifin ya huda cikin yashi. Ana yin wannan don jira ganima. Daga gefe kamar alama kifin yana kallon taurari. Dabbar tana da daɗi, nama mai daɗi.
Me yasa ba'a sanya tauraron tauraron dan adam a cikin jinsunan kasuwanci? A jikin murfin kifin akwai kaifi, masu guba masu guba. Shafukan huda huda rauni sosai, kumbura. Saboda haka, masunta suna gujewa taurarin taurari.
Koyaya, waɗannan kifi mai guba na Bahar Maliya kar ku wakilta Ko da cin ƙayawar mashin ɗin, wanda mutane ba sa ƙoƙari su yi, "sami" gubar mafi ƙarancin abinci. Akwai barazanar da ta fi tsanani a cikin Bahar Maliya. Game da su - a cikin babi na gaba.
Kifi mai guba na Bahar Maliya
Guda masu guba kaɗan ne a cikin Bahar Maliya. Baya ga masanin taurari, haɗarin shine:
- dragon, ya kai santimita 40 a tsayi kuma an ɗora shi da kaɗa-kaɗa mai guba wanda yake kan gills da kai
- stingray, wanda ya kasance stingray, wanda ya saba da burrowing cikin yashi, ya bar kawai wutsiya a sama da allurar santimita 35 cike da guba
- Bahar Baƙin Baƙin Bahar Maliya, wanda ya kai mita 1.5 a tsayi, yana da dogayen ɗakunan ido da yawa da yaɗuwar dafi, allurai a jiki
nan abin da kifi a cikin Black Sea mai hadari. Guba daga cikin ɓarayi ne kaɗai ke iya haifar da mutuwa, sannan kuma idan har wanda aka azabtar ya sami damuwa a cikin aikin zuciya da tsarin numfashi. Guba ta babban ɓarnar na iya kashe yaro ko dattijo ba tare da taimakon likita da ya dace ba.
Dodanni da kunama masu harbawa, suna haifar da ƙari ga ƙaiƙayi da kumburin raunuka:
- zafin jiki
- ciwon gabobi
- amai
- rashin lafiya
- jiri
A wasu lokuta ana iya samun kunamar Bahar Maliya a cikin ruwa mara ƙanƙani, kusa da bakin teku, amma galibi yana rayuwa ne a zurfin sama da mita 50. Sabili da haka, ganawa tare da mazaunin teku mai guba abu ne mai wuya. Stingrays da dodanni sun cancanci nema kusa da bakin teku. Alurar dusar ƙanƙara da wuya ake iya gani tsakanin yashi. Draananan dragon yana kama da goby na yau da kullun - nau'in kasuwanci. Wannan rudani ne.
Kifi na Bahar Maliya, da aka jera a cikin Littafin Ja
Yin farauta ba shine babban abin da ke haifar da raguwar yawaitar nau'ikan nau'ikan Tekun Baƙin Fata. Ruwan da yake kwarara zuwa cikin teku ya gurɓata ta hanyar magudanar ruwa kuma galibi an rufe shi da madatsun ruwa. Na farko guba rayuwar kifi a cikin Madatsar Ruwa.
Na biyu ya sanya matsala ga nau'ikan halittar da ba su da ɗabi'ar haihuwa. Na biyun shine dalilin raguwar adadin sturgeons. A cikin Bahar Maliya, ana samun su:
1. Beluga. Tana da fadi da baki a cikin siffar jinjirin wata, an tura ta kai. Yana da eriya mai ɗauke da abubuwa masu kama da ganye. Bony outgrowth ya wuce bene zuwa ga dukkan jiki, yana kaiwa mita 6.
A lokaci guda, beluga na iya auna kilogram 1300. Irin wannan katon ba zai ratsa ta dam din ba. An kama manyan belugas na ƙarshe a cikin Bahar Maliya da raƙuman ruwa kimanin ƙarni da suka gabata.
2. horaya. Tana da hanci wanda aka zagayo dashi mai kaifi. Ana ganin launi mai launin ja a bayan kifin. Bangarorin suna da haske. Ciki fari ne. A tsayi, dabbar ta kai mita 2, tana da nauyin kilogram 50.
3. Sturgeon dan Rasha. Hakanan ya kai mita biyu, amma yana da nauyin kilogram 80. A cikin Bahar Maliya, ba kasafai ake samun mutane sama da mita daya da rabi da kilo 37 ba. An bambanta kifin ta wani gajeren hanci, launin toka-launin ruwan kasa.
4. Sevruga. Mai kama da sturgeon na Rasha, amma ya fi tsayi, xiphoid. Wannan ya shafi jiki da hancin dabbar. Tsawon karshen shine 60% na tsawon kai. Babu yanki a kan gajeren eriya na stellate sturgeon. Akwai mutane sama da mita 2 da kilo 75.
Har ila yau an saka kifin Salmon na Bahar Maliya a cikin Littafin Ja. Yawancin lokaci akan sami mutane masu tsawon santimita 50-70. Yawan kifi ya kai kilo 3-7. Matsakaicin mai yuwuwa shine santimita 110 tare da nauyin kilogram 24. An rarraba su akan jiki mai kaurin gaske, murabba'I.
Daga cikin gobies, ɓacewa yana yiwa gobiyya barazana. Wannan kifin ya fi son ruwa da gishirin da ya kai kashi 30%, saboda haka yana zaune kusa da bakin teku. Ruwa a nan shi ne mafi ƙazantar, wanda shine dalilin ƙarewa.
Wasu kifaye na Bahar Rum suma suna gab da halaka. Sun shiga Bahar Maliya, sun yi jijiya a ciki, amma za su tsira? Labari ne game:
- bakin teku
- zakarin teku
An ba da bayanin su a cikin surorin da suka gabata. Hakanan yana cikin littafin Red Book na Bahar Maliya. Masana kimiyya sunyi la'akari da matsakaicin yawan kifin. Tulka, alal misali, yana da yawa a cikin ruwan Rasha kuma yana da wuya a cikin teku kusa da Blolgaria.
