A cikin ajin filato, rayayyun halittu suna hade hade da taimakon daya ko sama da haka. Akwai wakilai da yawa na wannan aji a yanayi. Wannan rukunin ya hada da yawancin mazaunan yankunan ruwa da na ruwa mai kyau, da kuma wadanda suke amfani dasu wajen kiran parasites.
Sigogi da sifofin jikinsu sun sha bamban. Mafi yawancin lokuta suna cikin siffar kwai, silinda, spindle ko ball. A cikin tsarin rayuwa, jikin flagellate suna cike da nau'ikan abubuwan gina jiki jere daga ɗigon abubuwa masu kama da mai, glucogenes, sitaci, da sauransu.
Fasali, tsari da wurin zama
Mafi shaharar wakilan wannan halittu a cikin halitta shine koren kore. Wannan kwayar halitta mai sauki daya tal har yanzu abune mai daure kai ga masana kimiyya.
Shekaru da yawa, masana kimiyya suna ta jayayya a tsakanin su game da wanene wannan bakon halittar. Wasu masana kimiyya suna da niyyar yin tunani cewa wannan dabba ce, duk da cewa yana da tsari mai sauƙi kuma kaɗan. Sauran koren euglena ake dangantawa to algae, watau ga duniyar tsirrai.
Tana zaune a cikin ruwan sabo. Gurbatattun kududdufai, ruwa mai tsafta tare da ruɓaɓɓen ganye a ciki sune mazaunin da aka fi so na wannan wakilin masu zane-zane. Don motsi, Euglena tana amfani da tuta guda wacce take a gaban jikinta fusiform. Dukkan jikin an lulluɓe da kwasfa na daidaito mai yawa.
An kawata gindin tambarin da ido mai bayyana sosai, launi mai launi ja mai suna stigma. Wannan kogon yana da haske sosai kuma yana tura euglena zuwa iyo zuwa mafi kyawun haske a cikin tafkin, wanda ke inganta ingantaccen hoto.
Hakanan an sanye shi da bugun bugun jini, wanda ke da alhakin tsarin numfashi da hanyoyin fitar da wannan halittar. Wannan daidai yake da juna amoeba da koren kore. Godiya ga wannan sashin jiki, jiki yana kawar da yawan ruwa.
Oppositearshen ƙarshenta sanye take da babban cibiya, wanda ke riƙe da tsananin kulawa da duk mahimman hanyoyin rayuwa na wannan talikan mai rai. Cytoplasm na Euglena ya ƙunshi adadi mai yawa na kusan 20 chloroplasts.
Suna zama tushen chlorophyll, wanda ke bawa euglena koren launinsa. Wannan ya zama amsa ga tambaya - me ya sa koren kore yake? don haka suka kira shi. A cikin launinta, kyakkyawan koren launuka yana da ƙarfi sosai.
Bugu da kari, chlorophyll yana taimakawa muhimmin tsari a jikin euglena - photosynthesis. A cikin haske mai kyau, wannan halittar tana ciyarwa kamar tsire-tsire na yau da kullun, ma'ana, autotrophic.
Da farkon duhu, tsarin narkewa yakan ɗan canza kuma euglena koren abinci, kamar dabba, tana buƙatar abinci mai ɗabi'a, wanda ke juya shi zuwa kwayar cutar hawan jini.
Saboda haka, har yanzu masana kimiyya ba su yanke shawarar wanda za a danganta wannan ainihin halittar ba - ga tsirrai ko dabbobi. Tsarin cytoplasm yana tara kananan hatsi na abubuwan gina jiki, wanda abin yake kusa da na sitaci.
Euglena yana amfani dasu lokacin azumi. Idan euglena yana cikin duhu na dogon lokaci, rabuwa da chloroplastsrsa baya faruwa. Rabe-raben kwayoyin halittun unicel da kansu suna ci gaba. Wannan aikin ya ƙare da fitowar euglena, wanda ba shi da chloroplasts.
Jikin euglena kore yana da siffa mai tsayi, wanda yake kaifi kusa da rabin baya. Sigogin sa suna da karancin karairayi - tsayin yakai kimanin 60, kuma fadin bai wuce microns 18 ba.
Motsi jiki yana ɗaya daga cikin siffofin koren euglena. Yana kwangila kuma yana faɗaɗa yadda ya cancanta. Wannan saboda filaments din furotin da ke cikin euglena koren gini... Wannan yana taimaka mata ta motsa ba tare da taimakon tambarin ba.
Takalman Infusoria da koren euglena - wadannan halittu ne guda biyu wadanda mutane da yawa suke ganin suna da kamanceceniya da juna. A zahiri, sun banbanta. Ana bayyana wannan ta hanyar yadda ake ciyar dasu.
Idan koren euglena na iya ci kamar dabba da tsire-tsire, to 'yar kwalliya ta fi son abinci mai ƙarancin gaske. Ana samun wannan mafi sauki ko'ina. Duk wani ruwa mai tsafta yana iya cike da mazaunan da basu saba ba, gami da koren euglena.
Hali da salon rayuwa
Idan kun lura da rayuwar Euglena kore ta hanyar madubin hangen nesa, zaku iya yanke hukuncin cewa wannan halitta ce mai kwazo da ƙarfin zuciya. Ita, tare da babban sha'awa da sha'awa, tana tsoratar da 'yar sandar da takalmin kuma, a bayyane, wannan yana kawo mata farin ciki na ban mamaki.
A cikin yanayin euglena da aka sanya a cikin duhu na dogon lokaci, chlorophyll ya ɓace gaba ɗaya, wanda ya sa bashi da launi kwata-kwata. Wannan yana shafar dakatar da aikin hotuna. Bayan wannan, wannan fasinjan yana canzawa zuwa abinci kawai.
Motsawa tare da taimakon tutar, Euglena na iya rufe nesa mai nisa. A wannan yanayin, ana nuna alamar alamar a cikin rafukan ruwa, kamar kamannin tirin jirgin ruwan motsa jiki ko masu ɗumama ruwa.
Idan muka kwatanta saurin motsi na koren euglena da takalmin ciliate, to na farkon yana sauri da sauri. Wadannan ƙungiyoyi koyaushe ana jagorantar su zuwa sarari mai haske.
Za'a iya haɓaka saurin euglena ta hanyar amfani da vacuole, wanda ke taimaka wa halittar kawar da duk abin da ke rage igiyar ninkayarsa. Numfashi a cikin wannan protozoan yana faruwa ne saboda shakar oxygen a jikinsa duka.
Euglena na iya rayuwa a kowane yanayi; duk wata kwayar halitta mai rai zata iya hassada da wannan ƙwarewar. Misali, a cikin kandamin da ya daskare na wani lokaci, koren euglena kawai baya motsi kuma baya ciyarwa, dan sauya fasalinsa.
Wutsiyar protozoan, abin da ake kira flagellum, ya faɗi kuma euglena ya zama zagaye. An rufe shi da harsashi mai kariya na musamman kuma don haka yana iya tsira da kowane mummunan yanayi. Ana kiran wannan yanayin cyst. Tana iya zama a cikin kurkuku har sai yanayin yanayinta ya zama mata mai kyau.
Gina Jiki
Idan wuraren tafki suna ƙara zama kore, yana nufin cewa akwai koren euglena da yawa a cikinsu. Daga wannan, bi da bi, zamu iya yanke shawarar cewa yanayin ya dace da mafi sauki, yana da abin da zai ci. Godiya ga chlorophyll a jikin wannan halittar mai ban sha'awa, canjin carbon dioxide zuwa carbon da abubuwan da ke cikin kwayoyin zasu iya faruwa.
Irin wannan abincin na yau da kullun na kayan lambu na flagellate za'a iya maye gurbinsa da wani, kusa da dabbobi. Wannan yana faruwa a cikin yanayin haske mara kyau. Abin farin ciki, akwai isasshen ƙwayoyin halitta a cikin gurɓataccen ruwa, don haka koren euglena bai taɓa kasancewa cikin yunwa ba.
Sake haifuwa
Euglena kore tayi kawai hanyar da ba ta dace ba, wanda a cikin rabewar uwar mahaifa ke faruwa ta hanyar tsayi-tsinkaye zuwa sel 'yan mata biyu. Ya kamata a lura cewa rabuwa na tsakiya na tsakiya yana faruwa kafin fission.
Bayan wannan, kwayar halitta za ta fara rarrabuwa daga gaba. A wannan yanayin, samuwar sabon fitila da kuma sabon pharynx na faruwa, ana samun rarrabuwar kai a hankali. Tsarin ya ƙare tare da rabuwa na baya.
Don haka, samuwar ƙwayoyin daughtera daughtera mata guda biyu, waɗanda sune ainihin kwafin mahaifa. Mataki na gaba yana da alaƙa da haɓakar su a hankali. A nan gaba, ana maimaita irin wannan aikin na rarrabuwa.
