Jamhuriyar Turkawa tana Yammacin Asiya da Balkans. Bangaren Turai yayi kusan 3% na yankin, sauran kashi 97% shine Caucasus da Gabas ta Tsakiya. Turkiya tana bakin mahaɗar Turai da Asiya kuma tana da kwatankwacin mai ragi da kuma Pole na Arewa.
Turkiyya kasa ce mai tsaunuka. Babban ɓangaren yankinta shine Asiya Highananan tsaunuka. Turkiyya tana kan matsakaita 1000 m sama da matakin teku. A saman Dutsen Big Ararat ya kai mita 5165. Babu yankuna da suke ƙasa da matakin teku a ƙasar. Akwai ƙananan filayen ƙasa masu haɗi waɗanda ke haɗe da gabar teku da bakin kogi.
Bahar Rum, Bahar Maliya da yalwar tsaunuka suna shafar yanayin ƙasar. A cikin ɓangaren tsakiya, nahiya ce, tare da bayyanar ɗabi'a mai tsauni: sanannen bambanci a yanayin yau da kullun.
Yankunan Yankin Bahar Maliya suna da matsakaiciyar yanayin teku na teku tare da babban ruwan sama. Tananan subtropics suna yawo a gefen tekun Bahar Rum, inda duwatsu ke da matsuguni. Bambancin yanayi da yanayin wuri ya haifar da fauna polymorphic.
Dabbobi masu shayarwa na Turkiyya
Turkiyya na dauke da nau'ikan nau'ikan gandun daji guda 160, dabbobin daji da dabbobi masu shayarwa a hamada. Waɗannan wakilai ne na gandun daji masu kariya na Turai, tsibirin Asiya da tsaunuka, yankin hamada na Afirka. Daga cikinsu akwai cosmopolitans - nau'in da aka saba da shi a ƙasashe da yawa. Amma akwai 'yan dabbobin da yawa waɗanda ƙasarsu ita ce Transcaucasia da Gabas ta Tsakiya, wato, Turkiyya.
Kerkeci gama gari
Wolves sune mafi girman dabbobi masu cin nama a cikin babban gidan Canidae. Kyarketai na Turkiyya sun kai kilo 40. Mata sun fi maza sau 10%. Wolves dabbobi ne masu ladabi tare da kyakkyawar alaƙar zamantakewar al'umma a cikin ƙungiyar. Wadannan sune mafi yawa dabbobi masu haɗari na Turkiyya... Sun sami nasarar wanzu a cikin yankuna daban-daban na halitta. An samo shi a cikin tsaunukan Anatolia na Tsakiya da kuma cikin dazuzzuka na tsaunukan Pontine.
A arewa maso gabashin Turkiyya, an sami kerkeci na Caucasian. A waje, wannan nau'ikan ya bambanta kaɗan daga dangi na yau da kullun, mai launin toka. Nauyi da girma sun yi daidai da juna, gashin ya zama mara laushi da laushi. Yana iya rayuwa a tsawan sama har zuwa mita dubu 3.5.
Jaketin Asiya
Ana kiran wannan maƙarƙancin da kerkeci na zinariya. Jackal na cikin iyali ɗaya da kerkeci - Canidae. A cikin Turkiyya, nau'ikan Canis aureus maeoticus galibi sun yadu. Jaki ya fi kerkeci sau da yawa sau nauyi: nauyinsa bai wuce kilogiram 10 ba.
A bushe, haɓakar dabbar tana ƙasa da mita 0.5. Saboda doguwar ƙafa, da alama siriri ne, mai saurin wucewa. Gashi yana da launin toka tare da ƙari na inuwar rawaya, shuffron, launuka na taba.
Jackal dabba ce ta gama gari a Kudancin Turai, Balkans, Yammaci da Tsakiyar Asiya. Da sauri ya canza mazaunin sa, a sauƙaƙe yana yin ƙaura don neman wuraren ciyar da abinci.
Ya fi son yankuna masu tudu da filayen bishiyoyi a cikin kogunan ruwa, wani lokacin sukan hau duwatsu, amma ba su wuce mita dubu 2.5 ba. Ya dace da shimfidar halittu na ɗan adam, yana ziyartar wuraren zubar da shara kusa da birane. .Arami dabbobin gida turkey sune batun farautar diloli.
Xungiyoyin gama gari
Halin halittar fox ya hada da nau'ikan 11. Ana samun mafi girman nau'in a cikin Turkiyya, ban da tsaunuka - shine jan foda ko jan fox, sunan tsarin: Vulpes vulpes. Nauyinsa ya kai kilogiram 10, a tsayi yana iya miƙa ta 1 m.
Launin da aka saba shine ja baya, haske, kusan fari, ɓangaren hanji da ƙafafun duhu. A cikin tsaunukan arewacin Turkiyya, ana samun dabbobi masu launin ruwan kasa masu baƙar fata da ƙwarƙwasan melanistic.
Caracal
Na dogon lokaci, ana ɗaukar wannan mai farautar jinsin lynx. Yanzu yana haifar da jinsin Caracal caracal daban. Sunan jinsin ya samo asali ne daga kalmar Turkic "kara-kylak" - kunnen duhu. Caracal babban cat ne, mai nauyin kilogram 10-15, wasu samfuran sun kai kilo 20. Jawo na dabba mai kauri ne, ba dogo ba, mai launi a cikin yashi, sautunan rawaya-launin ruwan kasa.
An rarraba shi ko'ina cikin Yammacin Turai da Tsakiyar Asiya, Larabawa da nahiyar Afirka. A Turkiyya, ana samun sa a cikin tuddai da hamada na yankin Anatoliya ta Tsakiya. Yana farauta da dare don beraye: gerbils, jerboas, gap gophers. Za a iya kai hari kaji, sace 'yan raguna da awaki.
Jungle cat
Wannan haƙiƙanin mai cin abincin an kira shi da lahani da fadama lynx. Ya fi son da dazuzzuka da ciyayi a cikin kwaruruka, ƙananan raƙuman tafki da tekuna. Karami fiye da kowane lynx, amma ya fi kyanwa na gida girma. Weight kimanin 10-12 kg. Yana girma cikin tsayi har zuwa 0.6 m.
A Turkiyya, ana samun sa a cikin koguna na Kogin Yufiretis, Kura, Araks, a ɓangaren ƙananan bakin Bahar Maliya. Daga cikin dazuzzuka da ciyayi, don neman ganima, galibi tana shiga yankunan da ke kusa da filin, amma ba ya tashi sama da mita 800 cikin tsaunuka.
Damisa
Masu cin nama dabbobin turkey sun hada da nau'ikan da ba safai ake samunsu ba - damisa ta Caucasian ko damisa ta Asiya. Mafi girman mashahurin wadannan wurare: tsayin da ya bushe ya kai 75 cm, nauyin ya kusa kusan 70 kg. Ana samun sa a gabashin Armenia Highlands akan iyaka da Iran, Azerbaijan, Armenia. Adadin damisa na Caucasian a cikin Turkiya yana cikin raka'a.
Gwanin Masar
Ana lura dashi sau da yawa a kudu maso gabashin Turkiyya a yankunan Sanliurfa, Mardin da Sirnak. Ana iya samun sa a wasu lardunan kudu maso gabashin Anatolia. Wannan dabbar na dangin mongoose ne, dangi ne na nesa.
Mongoose mai farauta ne wanda ke ciyar da ƙananan beraye da ƙananan ƙwayoyi. An daidaita shi don zama a cikin yankin steppe, amma zai iya zama cikin gandun daji. Ba tsoron yanayin shimfidar yanayi.
Cunyi
Mustelidae ko Mustelidae dangi ne na ɓarnatattun dabbobi waɗanda suka dace da rayuwa a cikin duka, ban da polar, yankuna. A Turkiyya, don wadatar mustelids, akwai shimfidar wurare masu dacewa da albarkatun abinci: beraye, ƙananan dabbobi masu rarrafe, kwari. Mafi na kowa fiye da wasu:
- Otter shine mai farauta mai kyau wanda yake cinye yawancin rayuwarsa a cikin ruwa. Jikin otter mai tsayi zai iya kaiwa 1 m, yawansa ya kai kilo 9-10. Don rayuwa, otter yana zaɓar kogunan daji, amma yana iya farauta da yin kiwo kusa da gabar tabkuna da tekuna.
- Marten Dutse - nauyin wannan maƙarƙashiyar bai wuce kilogiram 2 ba, tsawon jikin ya kai cm 50, wutsiya ba ta wuce cm 30. Marten kawai da ke shirye don rayuwa tare da mutane.
- Marten - ya fi son kaurin daji. A cikin Turkiyya, zangonsa ya ƙare a saman iyakar gandun daji masu tsire-tsire. Ba kamar dutse marten ba, yana barin wuraren da mutum ya bayyana kuma yana gudanar da ayyukan tattalin arziki.
- Kuskuren shine karamin mai farauta wanda yayi nauyi daga 80 zuwa 250. Yana farauta a cikin sarari, gefunan daji, murna, a cikin kogunan ruwa da koguna.
- Weasel shine ƙaramin wakilin weasel. Nauyin mata da kyar ya kai 100 g. Yawan shekarunsu ba zai wuce shekaru 3 ba. Bayyanar ƙaramin mulkin mallaka na weasels yana ba da tabbacin wariyar bera a cikin yankin.
- Bandejin mafarauta ne wanda nauyinsa ya kai daga 400 zuwa 700. Yana zaune ne a cikin tuddai da rabin hamadar Bahar Maliya da Yankin Tsakiyar Anatolia. Bangaren dorsal na jiki launin ruwan kasa ne, mai launi tare da raƙuman rawaya da ratsi. Underarfin ƙarƙashin ƙasa an rina baƙi. Rigunan suna da bakin baki da fari da kuma manyan kunnuwa na weasel.
Maƙarƙashiya mai daraja
Mafi martaba na barewa, wanda zai iya yin alfahari fauna na Turkiyya Shin jan barewa ne ko jan barewa. Tana zaune a ko'ina cikin Turkiyya, ban da yankuna da ke makwabtaka da gabar Bahar Rum.
Akwai 'yar rikicewa tsakanin masu ilimin halitta tare da sanya sunan barewa. Nau'in da ke rayuwa a Turkiya ana kiransa daban: Caspian, Caucasian deer, red deer, ko red deer. Sunan tsarin ta shine Cervus elaphus maral.
Kura
Birkin dawakai faretin kayan fasaha ne na musamman, wanda yake na dangin barewa. Bakin dawakai bai fi na barewa ba: tsayi a bushewar maza bai wuce mita 1 ba, kuma nauyinsa ya kai kilogiram 100. Mata suna da sauƙi 10-15% kuma sun fi maza girma. Kamar kowane barewa, barewar dabbar dabba ce kuma abincinsu ya dogara da ciyawa da ganye.
Roe
Karamin dabba mai kaho, na dangin barewa ne. A bushe, tsayinsa ya kai mita 0.7. nauyi bai wuce kilogiram 32 ba. Barewa na rayuwa duk inda dabbobi ke iya ciyarwa.
A Yammacin Asiya, a yankin ƙasar Turkiya ta zamani, barewa ta bayyana a zamanin Pliocene, shekaru miliyan 2.5 da suka gabata. Halayen cin abinci da wuraren da aka fi so sun yi kama da duk mai-sakewa.
Dabbobi masu shayarwa
Dolphins suna da yawa a cikin tekun da ke kewaye da Turkiyya. Wadannan dabbobi masu shayarwa suna da kyawawan halaye da yawa: kwakwalwar da ta ci gaba, wani babban tsarin zamantakewar jama'a, tsarin sigina mai tasowa, da kyawawan halaye na kwazo. A gefen tekun Turkiyya, ana samun nau'ikan nau'ikan 3 galibi:
- Dabbar ruwan toka dabba ce mai tsawon mita 3-4 kuma nauyinta ya kai 500 kg. Ya bayyana a gabar tekun Bahar Rum na Turkiyya.
- Dabbar dolphin gama gari ko dolphin gama gari. Tsawon bai wuce mita 2.5. Nauyin, in aka kwatanta shi da ruwan hoda mai ruwan toka, ƙanana ne - kimanin kilogram 60-80.
- Dabbar Bottlenose dabba ce ta teku har tsawonta ya kai mita 3, nauyinta ya kai kilogiram 300. An samo shi a cikin tekunan duniya, gami da Baƙin Baƙi da Bahar Rum.
Jemage da jemagu
Wadannan dabbobin suna da halaye guda uku: sune dabbobi masu shayarwa wadanda zasu iya sarrafawa, dogon jirgi, sun mallaki yanayin mahalli, kuma suna da dabarun daidaitawa. Wannan ya baiwa halittu masu ban mamaki damar mallakar duk fadin duniya banda yankuna na polar. Jemagu dabbobin da ke zaune a Turkiyya, na dangi ne:
- jemage 'ya'yan itace,
- jemagu,
- kararraki,
- cin kifi,
- fata ko santsi-hanci.
Waɗannan iyalai sun haɗu da nau'ikan jemage 1200, masu cin ganyayyaki, masu raɗaɗɗu da dabbobi masu cin nama.
Dabbobi masu rarrafe na Turkiyya
Fiye da nau'in 130 na gudu, da rarrafe da dabbobi masu rarrafe suna zama a Turkiyya. Yanayin ƙasar ya fi son wadatar kadangaru da macizai, waɗanda nau'ikan su 12 dabbobi masu rarrafe masu dafi ne. Nau'in ƙasa da na ruwa mai wakiltar kunkuru, amma dabbobi masu rarrafe na teku suna da ban sha'awa musamman.
Kunkuru na fata
Wannan shine mafi girman nau'ikan kunkuru a halin yanzu. Tsawon jiki na iya zuwa mita 2.5. Nauyin nauyi - 600 kg. Wannan nau'in ya banbanta da sauran kunkururan tekun a cikin sifofin jikin mutum. Ba a haɗa kwasfansa da kwarangwal ba, amma ya ƙunshi faranti kuma an rufe shi da fata mai yawa. Kunkuru na fata ya ziyarci tekun Bahar Rum, amma babu wuraren zama a bakin tekun Turkiyya.
Loggerhead ko babban kan kunkuru
Sau da yawa dabbobi masu rarrafe ana kiran su Caretta ko Caretta caretta. Wannan babban kunkuru ne, nauyin sa zai iya kaiwa 200 kg, tsayin jiki ya kusa zuwa mita 1. Sashin dokin harsashi yana da siffa ta zuciya. Kunkuru mai farauta ne. Yana ciyar da molluscs, jellyfish, kifi. Gandun daji yana kwan ƙwai a rairayin bakin teku masu yawa a gabar tekun Bahar Rum na Baturkiya.
Green kunkuru
Dabbobi masu rarrafe nauyi a cikin kewayon 70-200 kg. Amma akwai masu riƙe da rikodi waɗanda suka kai nauyin kilogiram 500 da tsawon mita 2. Kunkuru yana da ƙwarewa - namansa yana da kyakkyawar ɗanɗano.
Saboda haka, wani lokacin ana kiransa kunkalin miya. A gabar tekun Turkiyya akwai rairayin bakin teku da yawa inda kore kunkuru ke shimfidawa: a lardin Mersin, a cikin tafkin Akiatan, a bakin rairayin bakin teku kusa da garin Samandag.
Tsuntsayen Turkiyya
Duniyar tsuntsaye ta Turkiya ta hada da nau'in tsuntsaye kusan 500. Kimanin rabinsu suna gida a kan iyakar ƙasar, sauran nau'ikan ƙaura ne. Ainihin, waɗannan suna yaɗuwa, galibi ana samun su, tsuntsayen Asiya, Turai da Afirka, amma akwai ƙananan nau'ikan, masu haɗari.
Mikiya mai taka leda
Tsuntsun yana cikin dangin shaho. Fuka-fukan fikafikan wannan mai farauta mai fuka-fuki ya kai mita 2.3. Abincin ya hada da beraye, kurege, kuran ƙasa, tsuntsaye. Mikiya ba ta ƙyamar gawa. Gidajen gini an gina su a ƙasa, dazuzzuka da tsaunukan dutse. Yana kwance ƙwai 1-2. Lokacin shiryawa yana ɗaukar kwanaki 60. Matsalar gaggafa ko tudu, ko Aquila nipalensis a layin bacewar nau'ikan halittu.
Ungulu
Ungulu daga dangin shaho take. Bai wuce mita 0.7 a tsayi da nauyin kilogiram 2 ba, wanda shine adadi mafi kyau na mashaya. Carrion shine babban nau'in abinci, amma wani lokacin tsuntsayen yana faɗaɗa tsarin abincinsu da witha fruitsan itace da kayan marmari. Tsuntsayen da suka manyanta sun yi shuru da farin fuka-fukai tare da gefen gashin fuka-fukan. Tsuntsaye suna rayuwa a cikin ƙananan ƙungiyoyi, yayin lokacin saduwarsu an raba su kashi biyu.
Dajin ibis
Ya danganta ne ga halittar bald ibis. Fukafukai suna buɗewa zuwa mita 1.2-1.3. Nauyin ya kai kilogram 1.4. Tsuntsun yana cin kwari iri daban-daban, kananan amphibians da dabbobi masu rarrafe. Don shirya gida-gida, tsuntsaye suna taruwa a cikin yankuna. Gandun daji sune dabbobin Turkiyya, hoto yafi kowa fiye da rayuwa.
Bustard
Al'ada mazaunin steppes da rabin hamada. Yana faruwa a yankunan noma, a cikin makiyaya, filayen noma. Tsuntsun yana da girma, maza na iya nauyin fiye da kilogiram 10. Ya fi son yin tafiya akan jirage.
Yana gina gida a ƙasa, yana yin ƙwai 1-3. Tsuntsu yana da komai: ban da kwari, yana yin korayen kore, hatsi, 'ya'yan itace. A karni na XX, yawan fasa-kwabai ya ragu sosai kuma tsuntsun ya juya daga abin farauta zuwa abun kariya.
Biyan kuɗi mai nauyi
Karamin tsuntsu daga dangin maharbi. Tsuntsu mai sifa iri iri: siraran dogayen kafafu da dogon baki, mai lankwashe. Tsawon jiki bai kai mita 0.4 ba. Don wanzuwar, ya zaɓi ciyawar ciyawa a cikin magudanan ruwa na kogin steppe.
A Turkiyya, bawai gurbi kawai ba, har ma da jinsunan ƙaura. Dukansu suna da matukar wuya, suna kan hanyar ƙarewa. Dabbobin da ba su da gida a Turkiyya yi wa dukkan nau'ikan tsuntsayen da ke garazaye a ƙasa, haɗe da masu lankwasawa.
Dabbobin gida da na gona
Saitin dabbobin da manoma da mutanen birni ke kiyayewa sun fi kowa. Waɗannan su ne dawakai, shanu, tumaki, awaki, kaji, kuliyoyi da karnuka. Kowane ɗan yawon shakatawa wanda ya bayar shigo da dabbobi zuwa Turkiyya, dole ne ya fahimci cewa wanda ya fi so ba makawa zai hadu da 'yan'uwan da ba a kula da su ba. Amma akwai nau'ikan jinsuna da nau'ikan da ke da daraja musamman kuma ba marasa gida ba.
Kangal
Kare mai gadin, galibi ana kiransa da Karen Makiyayin Anatoliya. Kare yana da babban kai, da kayan aiki na muƙamuƙi, da kuma abin rufe fuska baki kamar fuska. Tsawo a ƙeƙasashshe yana da kusan 80 cm, nauyi kusan 60 kg. Hada karfi da saurin aiki. Lokacin aiwatar da aikin kiwo, zai iya jimre wa dodo, kama da murkushe kerkeci.
Turkawa suna lura da adana kwayar halittar dabbobin gida da na gonaki. Bugu da kari, wuraren shakatawa na kasar Turkiyya sama da goma sun fi mai da hankali kan kiyaye banbance banbancen yanayi. Abubuwan ajiyar kuɗi da iyakantaccen tasirin wayewa na ba da fata cewa yawancin dabbobi ba sa fuskantar barazanar halaka.
