Dabbobi iri-iri, adadi masu yawa na ma'adanai da kyawawan wurare masu ban sha'awa - wannan shine Yankin Perm. Babban sashinsa yana cikin yankin Turai. Iyakokin wannan yankin sun fi karkata, kowanne yana da dubban kilomita da yawa.
Fiye da kashi 60% na yankin gandun daji ne. Musamman bishiyoyi da dabbobin yankin Perm dauke su Rasha dukiya. Babban ɓangare na gandun dajin anan shine coniferous, amma akwai kuma wuraren fir da pine.
Masu ƙaunar yanayi da wadatarta tabbas zasu sami abin yi a cikin Perm. Baya ga dogayen siririn shuke-shuke, a nan za ku iya sha'awar fure da furannin Berry. Germinate a cikin yankin:
- Blueberries;
- Blackberry;
- Rosehip;
- Black currant;
- Rowan;
- Blueberries, da dai sauransu.
Hakanan, yankin Ural na musamman ne don ajiyar chromite. Baya ga tama, zaka iya samun zinare, tagulla da baƙin ƙarfe a nan. Amma, da farko dai, ana darajar Perm don ajiyar lu'u-lu'u.
Siffofin rayuwa daban-daban anan. Koyaya, saboda karuwar hankalin mutane ga albarkatun dabbobi, wasu nau'in dabbobi na yankin Perm shiga cikin Littafin Ja. Za mu fara magana game da su da farko.
Permian yana cikin haɗarin fauna
A cikin girman wannan yankin zaku iya samun manya da ƙananan dabbobi, kifi, kwari da tsuntsaye. Kowannensu yana da asali na musamman da takamaiman halaye. Wasu dabbobi na littafin ja na yankin perm babu sauran sama da 100. Wannan yana nuna cewa suna matakin karewa.
Kurege
Akwai nau'ikan zomo guda 2 a wannan yankin: farin kurege da kurege. Bari muyi la'akari da kowane nau'i daban:
1. Farin kurege. Ya fi yawa. Irin wannan dabbar tana rayuwa, galibi, a cikin sararin samaniya a cikin gandun daji coniferous da pine. Babban mazauninsa shine shrub mai tsayi. Sau da yawa ana iya samun farin zomo a bakin kogin, inda yake zuwa shan ruwa. Kowace shekara, a cikin Yankin Perm, mafarauta suna kashe fiye da dubu 10 daga waɗannan dabbobin.
2. Rusak. Kuma wannan kurege, sabanin takwarorinsa na fararen fata, ba ya rayuwa a cikin daji, amma a yankin mai tudu. Yanke shi da filaye da ciyayi. A tsakiyar yankin, ba safai ake ganin zomo ba.
Rashan Rasha
Wannan dabba tawadar Allah ce. Yana ciyar da kwari. A cikin yankin, ana iya samun desman na Rasha a cikin ambaliyar ruwa ta ƙananan koguna. Wannan shine ɗayan ƙananan wakilai na dabbobi na Permian, wanda yake a matakin halaka. An jera shi a cikin Littafin Ja a matsayin nau'in haɗari.
Redfoot (mai maganin ganye)
Wannan tsuntsu ne wanda ake samu a gundumar Kishert na yankin Perm. A girma, yana da ɗan ƙasa da tattabara. Matsakaicin nauyin jikin mai maganin ganye shine gram 150. Irin wannan halitta tabbas zata jawo hankalin kowa da kamanninta. Tana da madaidaiciya, matsakaiciyar jiki da bakin-lemu mai ruwan lemo. Legsafafun tsuntsaye na ganye rawaya ne masu haske, masu tsayi. Nono mai ruwan kasa-kasa-kasa.
Mazaunin jan kafa yana da ruwa sosai. Ana iya samun sa ta bakin teku ko kogi, sau da yawa a cikin gulbi. Ta ci:
- Tsutsotsi;
- Dodunan kodi;
- Kaguji;
- Sauro;
- Shellfish.
Irin wannan tsuntsun yana daga cikin masu dogon rai. Matsakaicin tsawon ransa shine shekaru 18.
Tenkovka
Gwarzon wariyar launin fata yana zaune a arewacin yankin Perm. Girmansa karami ne. Lilin tsuntsun ya dushe, fuka-fuki kaɗan ne. 'Yan matan Chiffchaff sun fi cm tsayi da yawa fiye da mata, matsakaicin girman su yakai 12 cm.
Filayen furfura na wannan wakilin na fauna suna da zaren zaitun. Abu ne mai sauƙi a rarrabe shi - kawai kula da ɓangaren gaban jikin. Akwai farar fitila mai haske tsakanin idanun chiffchaff.
Kusa da hunturu, zakin zaitun na tsuntsun ya ɓace. Ya zama maras ban sha'awa da rubutu mara ma'ana. Chiffchaff overwinters a Indiya ko Afirka. Amma kafin tashi zuwa "ƙasashe masu dumi", tana zubar da ƙarfi. A halin yanzu, yawan chiffchaff chiffchaff yana raguwa kowace shekara ta mutane 100.
Fagen Peregrine
Kusan duka dabbobin yankin Perm a hoto ya zama abin birgewa, falkin peregrine ba banda bane. Kowa ya san wannan tsuntsu a matsayin mafi sauri a duniya. A cikin dakika 1, yana tashi kimanin mita 100, kuma matsakaiciyar lokacin aikinta ya fi mita 3000. Ba zai iya kasawa ba don burgewa!
Peregrine Falcon yana cikin dabbobin daji na yankin Perm... Don kama abin farauta, wannan taliki yakan ɓuya a ɓoye, don haka, kafin kai hari, tana iya yin dash kuma ta kashe dabbar da sauri sauri. Yana nitse ƙasa, akasari a kusurwar dama. Lokacin da falkin peregrine ya kama wanda aka azabtar, sai ya matse shi sosai a jikinsa tare da dogayen faratansa.
Akwai lokuta da yawa yayin da aka kawo ƙarshen ɓarnar ɓarnar ɓaunar da aka yanke wa wanda aka azabtar. Yana manne da wuya a wuyanta cewa naman ya yage a wannan wurin. Babban abin farautar wannan dabba mai cin nama shine dabbobi masu shayarwa da ƙananan tsuntsaye.
Idan, a cikin sa'a guda, falkin peregrine bai sami abin ci ba, zai farautar katantanwa. A cikin bayyanar, yana da sauƙin gane fallon peregrine - jikinsa yana ɗan ci gaba gaba, launin fuka-fukan fuka-fukan launin ruwan kasa-kasa-kasa, kuma idanuwa manya da baƙi. Waɗannan sun yi nesa da dukkan nau'ikan da ke cikin haɗari a cikin Yankin Perm. Jerin ana iya samun ƙarin ta: tafarnuwa, jan ƙarfe, beluga, shingen Volga, gudgeon, da sauransu.
Dabbobin gama gari a yankin Perm
Duniyar dabbobin gida ta banbanta. Perm gida ne mai yawan gaske na kifi, dabbobi masu shayarwa, tsuntsaye, kwari da sauran nau'in fauna. Zamuyi magana akansu yanzu.
Mouse
Wannan shine ɗayan dabbobi mafi yawa a duniya. Akwai nau'ikan ɓeraye 4 a cikin wannan yanki:
1. Daji. Tana zaune galibi kusa da koguna da kuma cikin daji. Hakanan, ana iya samun sandaran daji a cikin yankunan coniferous na Perm.
2. Pasyuk. Kuma ana samun wannan sandar a kusan duk duniya. Babban yankin mazaunin sa yayi daidai da mutum. Wannan shine ɗayan dabbobi mafi wahalar halakarwa.
3. Filin. Wurin da aka fi so da irin wannan talikin shine filin, saboda haka sunan sa. Mafi yawan lokuta ana iya samun beran filin a yankin yankewar daji.
4. Brownie. Wannan dabbar, kamar Pasyuk, tana daya daga cikin mawuyacin cutuka masu fada. Yana zaune a yankin matsugunan mutane, yana lalata abinci da gine-gine.
Siberia salamander
Wannan wakilin fauna na yankin Perm yana cikin ƙungiyar amhibians mai ƙanshi. Wannan babbar dabba ce mai girman gaske, wacce ta kai tsawon mita 1 (maza). A gefunan, jikin salamar yana sanye da ƙaramar tsagi.
A wasu wakilai, galibi mata, wutsiya ta fi guntu jiki. Amma mafi sau da yawa yana da tsawo. Misalan samfuran salamander na Siberia suna da halin kasancewar yatsu 4, amma akwai keɓaɓɓu a cikin yanayi. Tare da maye gurbi, wanda yawanci yakan faru tsakanin waɗannan wakilan duniyar dabbobi, adadin yatsu akan gabobin na iya ƙaruwa da 1 ko 2.
Launin wannan dabbar ruwan kasa ne mai ruwan kasa. Yana da haske a lokacin bazara fiye da lokacin sanyi. Sau da yawa ana jan ɗamarar launin ruwan kasa mai banƙyama a bayan salamar Siberia. Amma cikinsa na da haske.
Green toad
Ana samun wannan amphibian a yankin kudancin Perm. Thewarewar wannan nau'in shine kasancewar kunn kunne. Gwargwadon girman dutsen da ya girma ya kai cm 11. Maza sun fi mata girma da ɗan bambanci. Kowane kafa na da tarin fuka. Yawan yatsu 4 ne.
Kuma irin wannan amphibian din yana da dutsal dorsal surface. Launinsa ya fi koren zaitun. Akwai kananan jajaye a jikin jikin mutum. Wani fasali na ɗan koren ɗanɗano ba kawai girmansa ba ne, har ma da kasancewar ƙananan kira a yatsan ƙafa ɗaya.
Tuni talakawa
Matsakaicin tsayin maciji mita 1 ne. Amma a cikin yankunan Permian na kudu, akwai kuma mutane masu tsayi, fiye da mita 2. Wutsiyar macijin tana da kashi 25% na jikinsa. Amma ga scutellum, wannan nau'in yana da 1 kawai.
Mizanin gadon wannan dabba ya fi bayin da yawa. Launin baya launin ruwan kasa ne-baki. A jikin maciji na yau da kullun, galibi zaka ga lemu masu lemu masu girma dabam-dabam. Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa! Na kowa shine ɗayan ƙananan dabbobin da zasu iya zama zabiya.
Beaver
Wannan ita ce babbar sandar Permian. Ya kai girman girma - fiye da cm 90. Babban ɓangaren jikinta shine jiki, wutsiya ita ce 1/3 daga ciki. Maza sun fi mata nauyi, nauyin nauyinsu ya kai kilo 20. Beavers suna zaune kusa da koguna.
A farkon karni na 20, ana farautar wannan nau'in. Saboda haka, ana rarraba beavers na zamani azaman ƙananan dabbobi na yankin Perm... A farkon rabin karni na 20, hukumomin Rasha sun yanke shawarar daukar matakan da nufin dawo da yawan wannan nau'in. Sun ɗan sami nasara a wannan.
Beaver sananne ne ga mafarauta yayin da suke yaba gashinta. Za a iya samun dogon burukan katako a kusa da kogunan Perm. Wannan ba halitta ba ce kwata-kwata, masu yin bea ne ke gina irin waɗannan "bukkoki".
Medyanka
Mai wakiltar fauna na Permian. Copperhead ya kai kimanin 80 cm a tsayi. Wutsiyar tana da kashi 25% na jikinta. Mizanin bayan dabbar wannan dabba yana da santsi sosai. Su karnonin sama biyu ne Akwai garkuwa tsakanin hancinta. Amma garkuwar infraorbital ba ta nan.
Wani fasali na wannan halittar shine bakar fata wacce take tafiya zuwa ilahirin jikin da jela. Hakanan zaka iya rarrabe gubar tagulla da wani maciji idan ka kula da cibiyar bayanta. Fentin sa an zana shi da ƙananan jan aibobi.
Wannan wakilin fauna, kamar sauran mutane, yana zuwa hunturu a yankuna masu dumi. Wannan yana faruwa a ƙarshen Satumba da farkon Oktoba.
Reindeer
Wannan dabbar ita ce kawai irin dawa da ake samu a Perm. Wurin zama shi ne conigarous taiga da tundra. Kadan akasari, zaka iya samun mai rarrafe a cikin duwatsu ko wuraren da ba su da yawa. Kusa da rani, dabbar na yin kudu zuwa rafuka. Abin lura shi ne mafi yawan dabbobin suna samun su a kusa da Kogin Is a cikin Yankin Perm.
Elk
Wannan dabbar tana da girman gaske. Ya kamata a lura cewa giwan giwa shine mafi girman dabba a cikin Perm. Matsakaicin tsayin jikinsa yakai mita 3. Nauyin Moose - 350-400 kg.
Wannan dabba ce mai yawan ciyawa, wanda kusan ana iya samun sa a cikin yankin. Wurin da suka fi so shine gandun daji. Dalili kuwa shine yawan abincin ciyawa da rassa. Moose yana ciyar dasu. A lokacin hunturu, dabbar na yin kaura zuwa kaurin coniferous.
Tun da kullun yana ɗaya daga cikin wakilan masana'antun fauna, kawai ana ba da izinin farauta mai lasisi. Wato, don harbin irin wannan dabbar ba tare da takaddun da ya dace ba "yana haskaka" abin alhaki na laifi.
Koyaya, yawan mutuwar giwa na ƙaruwa kowace shekara. Kuma harin mafarauta ba shine kawai dalili ba. Wannan herbivore yana farautar ta mai farauta - kerk wci. Za a tattauna shi a ƙasa.
Wolf
Mafi yawan tashin hankali dabbar da ke zaune a yankin Perm... Suna tura shi zuwa ga rukunin "karnukan". Amma ga mazaunin kerkeci, yana nisantar yankunan daji. Can, mai farauta kawai yana farauta.
Yankin shimfidar wuraren da yake rayuwa daban-daban. Sau da yawa zaka iya samun kerkolfci a cikin wannan yanki kusa da kogi, wanda ke shan ruwa cikin salama. A yau, a cikin Yankin Perm, babu irin waɗannan mutane sama da 300.
Wolverine
Takamaiman wannan wakilin na fauna shine kusan komai na kowa. Ba a rarraba wolverine kawai a matsayin mai shayarwa ba, amma har ma mai farauta. Nauyin jikinsa daga kilogiram 17 zuwa 21, kuma tsayinsa yakai cm 65-90. Maza sun fi mata girma da nauyi.
A cikin bayyanar, wannan dabba tana kama da beyar. Tafiyar wolverine ba ta da kyau. Wannan saboda yanayin takamaimansa ne - mai lankwasa baya da gajerun kafafu.
Wani fasali na dabba shine wutsiyarsa. Yana da girma kuma yana da laushi. Amma, duk da yanayin jelar na waje, yana haifar da matsaloli da yawa ga dabba a motsi. Wolverine yana da madaidaiciya madaidaiciya tare da gefen mara kyau.
Zan so kuma in tsaya a kan halayen. Wolverine dabba ce mai ban tsoro da taka tsantsan, amma idan ta ji wata barazana ko farauta, tana aikatawa da ƙarfi. Tana jagorantar salon kadaici. Amma wannan ba ya hana dabbar cin abincin da ya rage, wanda sauran masu cin naman suka yi biris da shi, gami da kerkeci.
Brown kai
Wannan dabba mai farauta tana rayuwa a cikin dajin coniferous, a cikin taiga. Mafi yawan lokuta ana iya samun sa a arewacin yankin. Beyar tana ɗaya daga cikin manyan dabbobi masu cin nama a duniya. Matsakaicin nauyin bera mai launin ruwan kasa ya kai kilo 320. Mata suna da nauyin kilogram 200. Yayin lokacin saduwarsu, suna zama masu saurin tashin hankali.
Idan mace tana da zuriya, to za ta kai wa duk wata halitta mai rai da ta kusanci 'ya'yanta kusan mita 100. A wannan yanayin, abubuwa masu motsi mafi kusa zasu fahimta ta a matsayin barazana.
A yanayin zafi mara kyau, beyar ba ta daskarewa kwata-kwata. Wannan saboda yanayin furcin lullube ne wanda yake rufe dukkan jikinsa. Amma a lokacin rani yana samun gajarta. Dalilin kuwa shine rashin buƙatar ruƙuwa a yanayin zafi mai zafi.
A cikin yanayi mai zafi, beyar launin ruwan kasa galibi suna zuwa jikin ruwa, saboda ƙishi yana azabtar da su. Bugu da kari, a can bai damu da cin kifi ba. Wannan dabba tana kulawa da farauta cikin sauki, duk da girmanta.
Beyar tana da sauri, mai saurin gaske da sauri. Shi ba kawai mai tsere mai tsere bane, amma kuma ƙwararren mai iyo ne. Hakanan wannan dabbar tana hawa bishiyoyi daidai. Gwanin ruwan kasa mai ruwan goro a kowace shekara. Wannan yana faruwa a farkon rabin Nuwamba. Yana cikin yanayin bacci har zuwa tsakiyar lokacin bazara.
Baƙin stork
Duk da yaduwar wannan tsuntsayen a cikin Perm, bai yiwu a yi karatun ta natsu sosai ba. Stork yana guje wa zamantakewar mutane, don haka ya fi son zama a wuraren da ba mutane ƙalilan. Mafi yawa a cikin danshi mai kauri coniferous.
Sau da yawa zaka iya ganin gida na baƙar fata ta fata a kusa da tafki ko kan tsaunin tsafi, sau da yawa akan same su a wuraren fadama. Kuna iya sha'awar jirgin wannan tsuntsu har abada. Yana tashi sosai, yana yada fuka-fukan sa kamar yadda ya kamata, yayin da yake mayar da kafafuwan sa, yana yadu kirjin sa gaba.
Abincin sa ya kunshi:
- Invertebrates;
- Algae;
- Kifi mai rai;
- Shellfish.
Ba tare da la’akari da wurin da tururuwa ta yi sheƙarta ba, tana tashi zuwa rafin don ciyarwa, kasancewar akwai komai da zai iya jan hankalinsa da sha’awarsa. Wani fasalin halittar wannan fauna shine auren mace daya. Storks yana ƙirƙirar iyali sau 1. Idan mace ta mutu saboda kowane dalili, damar da ta balaga ta sake haifar dangi kadan ne.
Raccoon kare
Wannan mai farautar, kamar kerkeci, yana cikin aji "canines". A cikin kamanni da girma, wannan dabbar ba ta da bambanci sosai da daidaitaccen kare. Koyaya, akwai bambanci tsakanin su. Don shawo kan kare raccoon ya fi wahala.
Matsakaicin nauyin jiki ya kasance 10-12 kilogiram. Jikin dabbar yana da kaya, kuma ƙafafunsa kafafu ne kuma manya-manya. Godiya ga jikinsa mai ƙarfi, karnukan raccoon na iya motsawa da sauri. Tana da launin ruwan kasa mai laushi, wanda yake haskakawa zuwa yankin ciki.
Wani fasali na gani na wannan dabban shine bakin bakin da yayi kama da abin rufe fuska. Akwai tabon haske a kumatun. Ainihin, kare raccoon ya fi son naman dabba, duk da haka, in babu shi, yana iya cin abincin tsire.
Weasel
Da yake magana game da masu farautar Permian, mutum ba zai iya kasa ambaton wannan kyakkyawar dabba mai walƙiya mai farin dusar ƙanƙara, wacce ta zama ja lokacin bazara. Kusan ba zai yiwu a lura da weasel a cikin hunturu ba, tunda gabaɗaya yana haɗuwa da launin dusar ƙanƙara. Saboda launin sa, dabba a sauƙaƙe take samun abinci a lokacin sanyi.
Jikin dabba yana da sifa matsattsiya. Duk da gajerun kafafu, weasel yana motsawa da sauri. Manyan yawo ba cikas bane a gareta. Tana iya hawa cikin kowane, ko da rami sosai. Wannan saboda yanayin jiki da halinta ne. Weasel dabba ce mai saurin birgewa da son sha'awa.Ba kawai tana hawa da kyau ba ne, har ma tana iyo.
Sabili da haka, a kusa da kogunan Yankin Perm, galibi yana yiwuwa a lura da fari ko ja weasel yana cin kifi. Duk da ƙaramarta, weasel kusan ba shi da tsoro. Ta ma iya fada da kerkeci. Amma ba gaskiyar cewa za ta ci nasara a ciki ba. Rashin tsoro ne ya lalata ɗari da ɗari a cikin waɗannan ƙananan hukumomin.
Kogin otter
Ofayan ɗayan wakilai na yaduwar dabbobi na Permian, wanda ke zaune kusa da ruwa tare da wuraren waha. Otter wata babbar dabba ce mai gajerun ƙafa da doguwar jiki. Matsakaicin tsayinsa shine 80 cm.
Don motsi mai kyau cikin ruwa, otter yana da membranes tsakanin yatsun kafa. Wutsiya tana taka muhimmiyar rawa a wannan. Dabbar tana amfani da shi azaman "rudder", wutsiyar otter ba ta da ulu da ulu.
Jikin dabbar yana da launin ruwan kasa ko baki. Idan ka kalli gashinta, zaka iya samun tunanin karya cewa yana da kauri. Amma idan kun taba otter, za ku iya jin taushin layin gashin kansa. Babban abincin otter shine kifi mai rai.
Marten
Mafificin mazaunin wannan dabba shine gandun daji. Ba a samun marten a wuraren yankan, saboda haka daji da allurai ke jawo shi. Tana zaune ne kawai a wani yanki can nesa daga yankin ɗan adam. Marten yana son wani yanki mai tsayi, inda babu mutane kaɗan. Kuna iya saduwa da wannan dabba a kowane yanki na Yankin Perm. A yau, akwai fiye da mutane dubu 10 a nan.
Lynx
Wannan mai farautar yana cikin ajin "feline". A cikin tafiya, hali da halaye, lynx yayi kama da kyan gida na gida. Dangane da girmanta, bai ƙasa da makiyayin Bajamushe. Lynx na lynx yana da yawa kuma yana da haske, jiki yana da tsayi, kuma kafafu suna da tsayi. Duk wannan yana ba ta damar bin diddigin wanda aka azabtar ba tare da matsala ba kuma su kai mata hari. Dabba tana gudu da sauri-sauri.
Ya kamata kuma mu lura da surar ta kai. Yana da dan tsayi, zagaye kuma an daidaita shi zuwa tip. Duk da halin ɗabi'unta na al'ada, lynx ya bambanta da kyan gida a cikin gajeren gajeren wutsiyarsa.
Duk da yawan dabbobin na Permian, wasu dabbobin gida suna mutuwa gaba ɗaya. Wannan ya faru ne ba kawai ga tabarbarewar yanayin muhalli ba, har ma da farautar dabbobi da yawa. Wannan yanayin ya kamata ya zama dalilin tsoma bakin gwamnati.
