Bears na cikin canine, ma’ana, suna da alaƙa da fox, kerkeci, diloli. Sabanin haka, kwancen kafa ya fi wadata da ƙarfi. Kamar sauran dabbobin canine, beyar suna cin karensu babu babbaka, amma wani lokacin suna cin abinci akan 'ya'yan itace, namomin kaza da zuma.
Akwai kuma wadanda ke da kafar karya, wadanda ba su da alaka da canines har ma da dabbobi masu farauta. Ana ba da beyar kawai saboda kamannin waje da ainihin wakilan jinsin.
Real beyar
Sunan bears na biyu shine tsire-tsire. Samun kafafu masu fa'ida, kwancen kafa gaba daya ya taka su. Sauran dabbobin canine, a matsayin mai doka, suna taɓa ƙasa da kawai wani ɓangare na ƙafafunsu, kamar suna tafiya a ƙafa. Wannan shine yadda dabbobi ke saurin. Bears, a daya bangaren, ba zai iya kaiwa gudun sama da kilomita 50 a awa daya ba.
Brown kai
Kunshe a ciki jinsunan bears a Rasha, mafi yawa kuma sananne a ƙasar. Koyaya, an kama babban kwancen kafa a wajen Tarayyar, a tsibirin Kodiak na Amurka. Daga can suka dauki dabbar domin gidan namun daji na Berlin. Na kama wata beyar da nauyinta yakai kilogiram 1134 a kan kudi kilos 150-500.
An yi imanin cewa launin ruwan kasa mai launin ruwan kasa ya zo Amurka kimanin shekaru miliyan 40 da suka gabata ta hanyar Bering Isthmus. Dabbobi sun fito ne daga Asiya, suma ana samun wakilan nau'in.
Ana samun mafi girman ƙafafun kafa na Rasha akan Tsibirin Kamchatka. Kattai suna rayuwa a can tsawon shekaru 20-30. A cikin bauta, tare da kulawa mai kyau, bears suna rayuwa har zuwa rabin karni.
Polar bear
Dangane da mazaunin sa, ana kiran sa polar. Sunan kimiyya na jinsin a cikin Latin an fassara shi azaman "beyar teku". Masu haɗi suna haɗuwa da dusar ƙanƙara, da girman teku. A cikin ruwa, polar bears farauta, kama kifi, like.
Tekun ba ya tsoma baki tare da hijirar kwancen kafa na ƙafa. A kan ruwa, suna rufe ɗaruruwan kilomita, suna aiki tare da ƙafafun kafa masu faɗi, kamar oars. Legsafafu na baya suna aiki kamar rudder. Fitowa kan sandar kankara, beyar ba zata zamewa ba saboda suna da ƙafafun kafa.
Dabbar ita ce mafi girma a cikin masu cin ƙasar. A tsayi, mai farautar ya kai mita 3. Matsakaicin nauyi kilogram 700 ne. Don haka ra'ayi na iyakacin duniya bear madalla. A dabi'a, dabba ba ta da abokan gaba sai mutane.
Karatun jinsunan bears, Iyakacin duniya ne kawai zai sami ulu mara daɗi. Gashi babu komai aciki. Da fari dai, yana ba da ƙarin layin iska a cikin gashin gashin. Gas is a talakawa shugaba na zafi, ba ya barin shi ya fita daga fata na wani farauta.
Na biyu, ana bukatar kofofin da ke cikin gashin gashin marainiya don nuna haske. A hakikanin gaskiya, gashin kwancen kafa bashi da launi. Farin gashi kawai yana kallo, yana barin mai farauta ya haɗu da dusar ƙanƙara mai kewaye.
Himalayan beyar
An kuma kira shi baƙar fata na Asiya. Ana rarrabe shi da manyan kunnuwa, da kyakkyawar jiki ta ma'aunin kafa, da kuma tsawa mai tsawan ciki.
Mazaunin beran Himalayan ya faro daga Iran zuwa Japan. Mai farauta ya zaɓi yankunan dutse. Saboda haka sunan nau'in. A cikin Rasha, wakilanta suna rayuwa fiye da Amur, a matsayin ƙa'ida, a cikin yankin Ussuri.
An sakawa beyar suna baki don launin sa mai duhu. A kan kai da wuya, ya fi tsayi, yana haifar da wani irin motsi. Akwai farin tabo a kirjin mai farautar. Koyaya, akwai ƙananan raƙuman dabba ba tare da shi ba.
Matsakaicin nauyin beyar Himalayan shine kilogram 140. Dabbar ta kai tsawon mita daya da rabi. Amma ƙafafun mafarauta sun fi girma da girma fiye da na mutane masu launin ruwan kasa da na pola. Dalilin yana cikin salon rayuwar baƙar fata. Mafi yawan lokacinsa yana cikin bishiyoyi. Wsunƙun hannu suna taimakawa wajen hawa kansu.
Foasar kwancen Asiya ba babbar masifa ba ce. Na abincin dabbobi, beyar yakan cinye kwari ne kawai. Tushen abincin shine ganye, Tushen, berries, acorns.
Baribal
Sunan madadin shine baƙar fata. Tana zaune ne a Arewacin Amurka, musamman a gabashin nahiyar. Bayyanar mai farautar ya kusa da bayyanar kwancen kafa mai ruwan kasa. Koyaya, kafadun baribal sun fi fice, kunnuwa suna ƙasa kuma, kamar yadda sunan yake, baƙar fata. Koyaya, akan fuska ya fi sauƙi.
Baribal bai fi bear mai launin ruwan kasa ba, nauyinsa bai wuce kilo 409 ba. Matsakaicin nauyi shine kilo 140-200. Rayuwa kuma ba ta kai ƙaran ƙafa ta Rasha ba. Galibi baribal ba sa tsallake alamar shekara 15. Koyaya, yanayi ya shimfida shekaru 30. Yunwa da farauta na hana su isa gare su. Baribals Suna harbi sosai a Amurka. Wasu dabbobi ana kashe su da motoci. Yara zakoki da kerkeci suna tsokanar samari.
Baribal sun fi son cin abincin dabbobi a cikin sihiri. Wasu lokutan bera masu baki suna kama kwari da kifi. Koyaya, yawancin abincin shine abincin shuka.
Bera mai haske
Bayyanar kai bambanta a cikin iko ɓarke jaws. Hakora ma suna da ƙarfi. Wannan yana bawa dabba damar tauna akan haushi da zuciyar itacen dabino kamar bishiyar bramelia. Sun fi ƙarfin wasu dabbobi. Ta wannan hanyar, kyan gani mai ban sha'awa ya rage gasar abinci.
An sanyawa dabbar mai kyan gani saboda launi. Ya yi duhu, amma akwai da'ira masu haske a fuska waɗanda ke zagaye da idanu, kamar firam. Fur a kusa da hanci shima beige ne.
Spectayan daga cikin beyar yana da 13 maimakon 14 haƙarƙari guda biyu. Wannan bambancin halittar jikin yana nuna kusanci da gajeren kwancen kafa. Dukansu sun mutu. Bears mai haske shine wakilin ƙarshe na jinsi.
Wakilan jinsunan suna zaune ne a Kudancin Amurka. Babu sauran beyar a nahiyar. Masu hangen nesa sun koyi hawa manyan cacti, suna ɗiban 'ya'yan itatuwa a samansu. Clubafar kwancen Kudancin Amurka kuma suna son naman rake da zuma, kawai wasu lokuta suna kama kwari.
Wasu lokuta ana sanya mutane masu gani a ciki nau'ikan beyar masu launin ruwan kasa... Koyaya, takalmin gyaran kafa, grizzly, Malay da ƙafafun kafa na Himalayan sun fi kusa da su. Ketarewa zai yiwu tsakanin su don samun zuriya mai amfani. Akwai keɓaɓɓiyar keɓancewa tsakanin nau'ikan launuka masu launin ruwan kasa.
Malay kai
Daga cikin masu daure kai, shi ne mafi karami. Nauyin dabba bai wuce kilo 65 ba. A tsawon, dabba daidai take da mafi ƙarancin mita 1.5. Koyaya, masu girma dabam suna yaudara. Kwancen Kafa na Malay shine mafi tsananin tashin hankali tsakanin beyar. Koyaya, wasu mutane basa tsoro.
Ana ajiye beyar Malay a filayen maimakon karnuka. Asians suna yin wannan. A can ne ƙananan beyar suke rayuwa. Suna kama da Vietnam, Indiya, China, Thailand, Indonesia da China.
An bambanta beyar ta Malay ta kasancewar ƙarin fata akan wuya. Murfin a nan yana da launi iri-iri, mai kauri, kamar giwa. Wannan shine yadda jinsin kafafun kafa ke kare kansu daga harin da kuliyoyin daji ke kamawa a wuya.
Malay dabba - beyar mai wuya, an jera shi a cikin Littafin Red Book na Duniya. A can ake kiran dabbar biruang. Wannan shine sunan asalin nau'in.
Gubach
A waje, beyar tana kama da anteater ko sloth, amma ta hanyar dabi'ance kuma ta halaye iri ɗaya nasa ne na beyar. Mutane da yawa suna kiran dabbar da siradi. Leben beyar da alama suna gaba, suna ɗan lankwasa. Kwancen kafa na Asiya shima yana da dogon harshe. Tare da su, dabbar take kaiwa zuma a amya, tururuwa da tururuwa a cikin gidajensu.
Bears maras kyau sun yi kama da launi kamar na dutsen Himalayan. Gashi mai duhu guda ɗaya, an faɗaɗa a kai da wuya tare da farin tabo a kirji. Koyaya, kunnuwan bera mara kyau sun fi girma kuma suma suna da gashi mai tsayi. Gashin beyar gaba ɗaya ya fi na Himalayan tsayi da shegi. Hannun dabba ya fi tsawo. An riga an ambaci lebe.
Nauyin Sloth bai wuce kilo 140 ba, amma a mafi yawan lokuta daidai yake da mai tsakiya ɗaya kawai. Kuna iya haɗuwa da dabbar a cikin dazukan Ceylon da Hindustan.
Panda mai girma
Har zuwa tsakiyar karnin da ya gabata, masana kimiyya sun danganta shi ga raccoons. Gwajin kwayoyin halitta ya tabbatar da akasin haka kuma ya zama cewa babban panda beyar gaskiya ce. Koyaya, kamanni da halaye a tsakanin kwancen kafa na dabba sune mafi mahimmanci.
Misali, Panda mai girma, ba ta cin abincin gora ita kaɗai. Don mannewa cikin kututtukan ta, beyar ta samu 6 maimakon yatsu 5 a gaban gabobin.
Ba kamar sauran bears ba, katuwar panda na tafiyar hawainiya a ƙasa. Matsakaicin saurin dabba yana daidai da saurin mutum.
Girman katuwar panda ana kamanta ta da bear mai matsakaicin nauyi. Idan ƙwallon ƙafa na yau da kullun alama ce ta Rasha, to dabbar gora alama ce ta Sin. Kasar ba ta sayar da manyan pandas ba, tana bayar da hayar su ne kawai. A kan irin waɗannan haƙƙoƙin, gidajen namun daji na ƙasashen waje za su sami dabbobi. Kowace shekara, kowane panda na baƙi yana kawo baitul ɗin PRC kusan dala miliyan.
Grizzly
Wannan beyar mai ruwan toka ce. Launi shine ɗayan manyan bambance-bambance daga kwancen kafa mai ruwan kasa. Jinsi masu hatsari Koyaya, hukumomin Amurka, inda dabbar take zaune, sun shigar da ƙara suna neman a cire mai farautar daga littafin Bayanai na Bayanai. Dalilin shi ne cewa yawan jama'a na murmurewa a cikin Yankin Kasa na Yellowstone. Kotun ta karyata hukuma.
A wajen Amurka, gemuzzly bear yana rayuwa a Alaska. Masana ilmin namun daji suna jayayya game da nau'ikan dabba da ka'idojin tantancewa. Wasu suna kiran dabbobi masu dausayi wadanda ke rayuwa a cikin babban yankin .. Tsibiri da mutanen da ke bakin teku an rubuta su a matsayin launin ruwan kasa mai sauƙi. Sauran masana kimiyya ba sa ɗaukar grizzly a matsayin jinsin daban, amma kawai ƙananan ƙafa na Rasha.
Don haka ya zama bayyane nawa bears zauna a duniya. Akwai su 9. Wasu kuma ko dai sun nutse ne a cikin mantuwa, ko kuma a zahiri ba masu wahala bane.
Beyo-Bear
Manoma a China sun kira katuwar fanda da beyar tun kafin masana kimiyya. Wasu masanan ilimin dabbobi har yanzu suna rarraba dabbar a matsayin raccoons. Mutane masu aiki na Daular Celestial koyaushe suna kiran Panda da beyar gora. Koyaya, rikicewa ya taso, saboda har yanzu akwai ƙaramar panda.
Pananan panda
Ba kamar ɗan uwanta ba, na pandas ne. Hukuncin kuma sakamakon gwajin kwayar halitta ne. Ya nuna cewa jan fanda ba shi da alaƙa da beyar, ba raccoons ba. Tare da na baya, dabbar tana kama da halayya.
Red panda yana da abokantaka kuma yana da sauƙin hora. Hakanan akwai kamanni na waje zuwa raccoons, misali, wutsiya, jiki mai tsayi, kunnuwa masu kaifi. Jan Panda yana kama da beyar tare da cikakken motsi kuma, kuma, tare da fasali na waje.
Girman ƙaramin panda kwatankwacin na babban kyanwa. Saboda rashin saurin hawa bishiyoyi, ana kiran dabbar haka - beyar-cat. Shahararren sunan barkwanci ba za a iya canza shi ba, komai abin da masana kimiyya suka ce.
Koala
Ana kiran sa marsupial bear. Abubuwan da ke cikin sunan gaskiya ne. Koala na ainihi na marsupial ne, ajin mafi sauƙin dabbobi masu rai waɗanda suka rayu kawai a Ostiraliya.
Sunan dabbar yana kama da sunan dangin da aka sanya shi. Babu sauran membobin gidan. Wannan, ba zato ba tsammani, shima ya shafi ɗan panda. Ita ma wata irin ce.
Babban dangi na koala shi ne mata, kuma ba a kowane yanayi ba har ma da ƙaramar panda.
Kimanin shekaru miliyan 30 da suka gabata, nau'ikan "bears" guda 18 sun rayu a doron duniya. Hakanan akwai wasu kwancen kafa na gaskiya da mutumin zamani bai gani ba. Daga cikinsu, nau'ikan 5-6 sun bace.
Bearshen beyar
Adadin dadaddun beyar bashi da ma'ana kasancewar wanzuwar jinsin guda abin tambaya ne. Akwai wani ɗan haske da ke nuna cewa kwancen kafa na Tibet yana nan har yanzu, kodayake na dogon lokaci bai ɗauki idanun mutane da ruwan tabarau na kyamarar bidiyo ba. Idan kayi, bari masana su sani. Beyar tana kama da launin ruwan kasa, amma ɓangaren gaba na jikin mutum ja ne. Witaƙasasshen dabbar sun kusan baƙi. A cikin duri, gashi ja ne. Sauran gashin a bayan mai farautar launin ruwan kasa ne mai duhu. Beyar ta rayu a gabashin tsaunin Tibet.
California grizzly
An nuna shi a kan tutar California, amma ba a samo shi a cikin jihar ba ko fiye tun 1922. Sannan an kashe wakilin na ƙarshe nau'in dabba.
Biya bambanta da launin zinariya na gashi. Dabbar ta kasance cikakke a tsakanin Indiyawa. Redskins sun yi imanin cewa sun fito daga zuriya, don haka ba su farautar kakannin ba. Fararen fararen fata ne suka kashe ƙafar kwancen.
Gishirin Mexico
An bayyana rasuwa a hukumance a cikin shekaru 60 na karnin da ya gabata. Dabbar babba ce, tana da nauyin kilogram 360.
Bearaƙƙarfan beran na Mexico yana da faratan fari a ƙafafunsa na gaba, ƙananan kunnuwa, da kuma goshi mai tsayi.
Beyar Etruscan
Burbushin, ya rayu a cikin Pliocene. Wannan lokacin ilimin ƙasa ya ƙare shekaru miliyan 2.5 da suka gabata. Sunan na biyu na mai farautar shi ne ɗan gajeren fuska. Wannan shine wanda yake da kashin hakarkari 13.
Ana samun kwarangwal din Bears na Etruscan ne kawai a ƙasan kudu. Saboda haka, masana kimiyya sun ɗauka cewa dabbar tana da zafi sosai. Kuma an san cewa dabbar da ta mutu tana da girma, tana da nauyin kilogram 600.
Atlas Bear
Kasashen da ke zaune daga Maroko zuwa Libya. Mutum na ƙarshe waɗanda mafarauta suka kashe a 1870. A waje, dabbar ta bambanta da jan gashi a ƙasan jiki da launin ruwan duhu a sama. Akwai wani farin wuri a fuskar beyar.
Ba kamar yawancin bears ba, ƙirar Atlas sun fi son hamada da yankunan bushe. Sunan jinsin yana hade da jerin tsaunuka inda kwancen kafa yake zaune. Masana ilmin namun daji sun sanya su cikin ƙananan beyar mai ruwan kasa.
Giwan polar bear
Bayyanar beyar beyar ya kasance kama da na zamani look. Dabbar ce kawai ta kai mita 4 a tsayi kuma nauyinta ya kai kilogiram 1200. Irin waɗannan ƙattai sun rayu a duniya shekaru dubu 100 da suka gabata.
Ya zuwa yanzu, masana kimiyya sun gano ulna ce kawai ta katuwar beyar. Samu ƙashi a cikin asusun Pleistocene na Burtaniya.
Har ila yau, wanzuwar beyar zamani ta belar abar tambaya ce. Adadin nau'in yana raguwa sosai. Wannan ya faru ne sakamakon canjin yanayi. Glaciers suna narkewa. Dabbobin dole su yi ninkaya da tsayi. Yawancin masu farauta sun isa bakin teku a gajiye. A halin yanzu, ba sauki ga beyar cike da ƙarfi don samun abinci a cikin ƙanƙanowar dusar ƙanƙara.
