Maran kaji iri ana amfani dashi sosai a gonaki don samar da nama da ƙwai. Sunan tsuntsayen ba su da ban mamaki ga masarautunmu - wannan saboda an sanya musu sunan garin Faransa ne inda masu kiwo suka kiwata su.
Tunda Maran yana cikin yankin mafi tsananin sanyi na Faransa, kaji suna haƙuri da ƙarancin yanayin zafi sosai. An gabatar da kajin ga jama'a a shekara ta 1914 a taron baje kolin na shekara-shekara - a sakamakon haka ne aka yanke shawarar ba shi kyautar zinariya.
Chur Maran wanda galibi mazaunan ƙasashen Turai ke girma. Saboda dalilai da ba za a iya fahimta ba, ba su da shahara sosai a kasarmu - galibi filayen kaji na musamman sun tsunduma cikin kiwonta.
Bayani da fasali na nau'in Maran kaza
Tsuntsaye suna da yanayi mai natsuwa, amma a lokaci guda suna cikin motsi koyaushe. Plan lilin ɗinsu mai laushi yana ba da haske mai daɗi mai haske. Ana iya fentin kaji na Faransa da launuka daban-daban: baki, jan ƙarfe, ja, azurfa, zinariya, fari har ma da shuɗi mai inuwa.
Baƙar fata da jan ƙarfe maran kaji ana samun su sau da yawa wakilai tare da labulen sauran tabarau. Roosters yana da manyan ɗigon zinariya a ƙirjinsu, kuma gashin fuka-fuka da suke kan baya an zana su a cikin inuwuni masu launin ja. Kaji na wannan nau'in kusan baƙaƙe ne, a yankin wuyan akwai ƙananan yatsu na zinariya kama da abin wuya.
A hoto akwai baƙar fata da tagulla kaji maran
Na biyu mafi girma irin shi ne nau'in Maranov na azurfa da zinariya wanda ake kira launukan cuckoo. Kaza maran cuckoo Sanannen sananne ne saboda yanayin launinsa na layu: fuka-fukan zinariya ko azurfa sun warwatse akan jikin baƙar fata, tare da ƙarin fuka-fukan zinare akan mata, da gashin gashin azurfa akan maza.
Kaza maran cuckoo
Akwai kuma kaji masu launin alkama. Lilin nashi na namiji baƙi ne, an kawata duka kai da nono da ɗigon zinariya. Fuka-fukan matan na zinare ne ko ja ja-ja.
Cancanci kulawa ta musamman kaji blue maran: Lilin waɗannan tsuntsaye shuɗi ne mai haske, kuma an rufe kansa da fuka-fukan masu launin jan ƙarfe. Hakanan akwai ƙananan marans - dwarf.
Kaji shuɗin maran
Hakanan ana ba da wakilai na jinsunan Colombian na maran masu kamanni mai ban sha'awa: kajin sun yi fari fari, a wuyansu, gashin baƙi sun yi zobe. Janar bayanin maran kaji ba ka damar haskaka waɗannan mahimman bayanan:
- Matsakaicin nauyin kyankyasai ya kai kilogiram 3.5 -4, kaza kuma kilo 3 ne
- Idanun launuka ne masu launin lemu-ja-ja
- Fuka-fukai suna kusa da jiki
- An kafa yatsun kafa huɗu a kan ƙafafun launi mai haske
- Jikin tsuntsun yana da tsayi, kan yana karami, wutsiya gajere
- Rooster suna da kawancen daddawa fiye da kaji. Hakanan suna da manyan earan kunne idan aka kwatanta da sauran nau'in.
A hoto marana kaji duba da mahimmanci har ma da ɗan ɗaukaka. Saboda kyawun surarsu, mutane suna kiransu da "sarauta".
Kulawa da kiyaye kaji Maran
Ana buƙatar samar da tsuntsaye da awanni na hasken rana da lokaci mai yiwuwa a waje. A lokacin sanyi, tsawon lokutan hasken rana mafi kyau bai kamata ya zama ƙasa da awanni 11 ba, a lokacin zafi - ƙarin haske, mafi kyau.
Mashahuri kaji marano baki kamar sauran wakilai na ƙasar Faransa, suna son sarari: yanki mai shinge don mazaunin su yakamata ya sami yanki mai ban sha'awa.
Black marana kaji
Hakanan kuna buƙatar saka idanu kan yanayin ɗumi a cikin gidan kaza, idan ya isa sosai yana buƙatar samun iska a kai a kai. Mafi yawan zafin jiki mafi dacewa don girma kaji maran + 15 C.
Abinci mai gina jiki ya zama mai daidaitawa kuma yana ɗauke da ɗimbin bitamin da ma'adanai. Abincin yau da kullun ya kamata ya ƙunshi nau'ikan hatsi da ganye.
Domin kaji ya tashi da kyau kuma ya kara kiba, ana kara kayan cinikayya a cikin abinci, da kuma sinadarin calcium da kuma shell, wanda ake buƙata don ciwan ƙwai akai-akai. Don cimma wannan, ana ciyar da tsuntsayen dafaffen kifi da abincin ƙashi.
Ana kiwon kaji na wannan nau'in don samun kyakkyawan nama da ƙwai mai daɗi. Kaza tana yin kimanin kwai 150 a cikin shekara guda, nauyinsu ya kai 70g, launinsa yana kama da kalar cakulan mai duhu.
A hoto, ƙwai na kaji maran
A cewar masana da yawa kwai na Maran kaji mafi dadi, saboda suna da kyakkyawan ayyana halayyar dandano. Dangane da ra'ayoyin mutanen da ke kiyaye tsuntsaye - dandanon ƙwai kai tsaye ya dogara da launi na kwasfa: ƙwai mafi duhu yana da dandano mafi wadata. A cikin mahaifar tsuntsaye, samfuran su ana cinyewa danye - masana na da tabbacin cewa ƙwanƙollen ƙwarya baya barin ƙwayoyin cuta masu cuta su shiga.
Kiwo da ciyar da kaji Maran
Kiwo kaji Maran a cewar manoma, aikin yana da sauki. Akwai hanyoyi biyu:
1. Hanyar halitta - an bar ƙwai a ƙarƙashin kaza, wanda zai tsunduma cikin samar da zuriya.
2. Hanyar Artificial - ana ɗauke ƙwai daga gidan kaza kuma a saka a cikin incubator, inda ake haihuwar kaji ƙarƙashin tasirin yanayin zafin jiki da aka tsara.
Don kiwon kaji mafi kamanni da na gaske, a cewar masana, kuna buƙatar ɗaukar ƙwai mafi duhu. Kwayoyin kwai sun shahara saboda tsananin karfin su, saboda haka, a lokacin da kaji suna shirin barin wurin jin dadi, ya kamata ka taimaka musu: sanyaya iska a cikin dakin zuwa kashi 75% kuma ka ratsa cikin kwarin da ke gaban baki, inda ake tantance wurin amfani da sautin da ya fito daga kwan.
Idan kaji an kyankyashe su a hanya ta biyu, nan da nan bayan fitowar su, sai a tura su zuwa wani akwati, wanda a baya aka shimfiɗa wani nama. Ana sanya dusa a saman kwalin, sannan kuma a kunna fitilar kuma ana kiyaye zafin a + 30 C.
Yawan zafin jiki na ragu a hankali cikin mako, sannan ana iya ɗaukar kaji a waje ƙarƙashin hasken rana mai ɗumi (+ 20 da sama). Lura cewa ƙananan kaji ba zasu daskare ba, saboda haka kuna buƙatar kulawa da kyau game da lafiyar su.
Ana ciyar da kaji bisa ga wani tsari:
- Kwana biyu na farko bayan haihuwa, ya kamata a ciyar da su dafaffin gwaiduwa.
- Abincin na kwana biyu masu zuwa ya kamata a cika shi da matsakaicin adadin gero. Adadin ciyarwar sau 6 ne.
- Bayan kaji na da kwana 5, sai a zuba yankakken bawonta zuwa abincin da ke sama. Yana da shekaru 10, adadin ciyarwar ya ninka sau 4.
- Yaran kwana goma sun fara nutsuwa a hankali a cikin karas da kayan kwalliya, waɗanda a baya aka sha su da ruwan zãfi.
- Don hana ci gaban cututtuka daban-daban, ana ba da bayani mara ƙarfi na sinadarin potassium sau biyu a mako maimakon sha.
- Mutanen da suka kai watanni 4 sun fara ciyar da abincin "baligi".
Farashi da sake dubawa game da nau'in Maran kaza
Bayan nazarin duka sake dubawa game da kaji maranwanda mutane suka bari na tsuntsaye na dogon lokaci, za'a iya yanke shawarwari masu zuwa.
- Kyakkyawan nama da ƙwai
- Ba sa buƙatar yanayi, kuma suna jure yanayin sanyi da damshi.
- Yi kyau rigakafi ga cututtuka daban-daban
Duk da yawan fa'idodi, amma kuma suna da matukar illa - sau da yawa kaji na mutuwa saboda gaskiyar cewa ba za su iya kutsawa cikin harsashi mai kauri tare da bakinsu ba.
A sakamakon haka, ya zama dole a rinka sanya ido kan tsarin kyankyasar kwaya don yayyaga kwayayen kwan don a samu saukin kaza ta fita.
Idan akwai sha'awar samun irin wannan kyau, sayi kaji maran yana yiwuwa a cikin manyan gonaki na musamman, haka kuma daga ƙananan manoma. Hakanan zaka iya yin siye a ƙasashen Turai da kanka ko ta hanyar mai shiga tsakani.
Farashin kaji Maran kai tsaye ya dogara da shekaru: kaji na mako-mako suna biyan 400-450 rubles, makonni biyu - 450-500, tsuntsu mai shekaru rabin - 5750-6000. Kudin kwan kwan shirya shine 300-350 rubles. Tsuntsaye masu girma tabbas zasu zama manyan abubuwanda ake haskawa a kowane yadi, kuma ƙwai da baƙon abu zasuyi mamakin mawuyacin kayan cin abinci.
