Penaramin penguin (.aramar Eudyptula karami) memba ne na dangin penguin kuma ana kiransa da penguin mai shuɗi ko penguin aljana don launinta mara iyaka da ƙarami.
Sun daɗe suna ƙarƙashin kulawar masana kimiyyar da ke sha'awar bayyanar su da kuzarinsu, kuma sun kasance abin yin wahayi ga 'yan asalin.
Bayani da mazaunin karamin penguin
Kamar yadda riga ya ce, penguin karami kuma menene ƙari, shine mafi ƙanƙanci a cikin danginsa. Girman jikinsa ya bambanta daga 30 zuwa 40 cm a tsayi, kuma nauyinsa ya kai 1 kg. Launi ya banbanta karamin penguin daga sauran wakilan jinsunan, bayansa mai zurfin shuɗi ne, kuma ciki da kirji farare ne. Fins da yatsu na yatsu guda uku baƙi ne, kuma idanuwa da baki baki ne shuɗi ko toka. Legsafafu suna da aikin jagora.
Fuka-fukai da fuka-fukai, waɗanda suka rikide zuwa flippers, sun dace da iyo da neman ruwa. Launin mai da yawan yalwar ruwa suna kare kariya daga shigar ruwa, yayin da kitse mai subcutaneous a jiki yana taimakawa riƙe zafi.
Yawan jama'a shuɗi ƙananan penguins gama gari a Kudancin Ostiraliya, Chile, New Zealand, Philippines, Chile, sun zaɓi rairayin bakin teku inda suke farautar ɓawon burodi da kifi a cikin ruwa mara ƙanƙanci.
Yanayi da abinci mai gina jiki na ƙananan penguin
Penguins sun kafa nau'i-nau'i don haifuwa, wanda ya rabu ne kawai lokacin da ɗayan tsuntsayen ya mutu, kuma suka zauna a bakin tekun kusa da ruwa, suna gida a cikin duwatsu. Amma ƙila ba za su hau kan ƙasa na dogon lokaci ba, suna ɓatar da lokaci a cikin ruwa.
Suna yin farauta kai kaɗai, sun fi son 'yanci, don kadoji, kifin ruwa-ruwa, molluscs da dorinar ruwa. Ana samun abinci a zurfin ta hanyar shiga cikin ruwa zuwa zurfin mita 70.
Amincewa da su, wanda yake da sauri idan aka kwatanta shi da sauran tsuntsaye, yana sa samari suyi farauta har tsawon kwanaki, musamman yayin zafin nama. Penguins suna bin salon rayuwar dare, kuma da rana sun fi so su huta a cikin gidajensu.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa game da ƙananan penguins shi ne cewa zafin na faruwa ne daidai bayan da kajin suka gama cika a watan Disamba, kuma bayan haka kuma manya suna yin doguwar farauta a cikin teku, yayin da suka samu kusan kilogiram 1.
Tun daga farkon canza fuka-fukai, wanda ya kai har tsawon kwanaki 18, tsuntsayen sun daina cin abinci, suna rasa karfi, kuma suna saurin watsar da abin da suka tara. Yana faruwa sau da yawa cewa penguin baya samun isasshen taro a shirye-shiryen narkar da narke, sannan mutum ya mutu saboda yunwa. Bugu da kari, penguins suna da hayaniya sosai. Suna yin kururuwa saboda kowane dalili: kare yankin, neman mata, sadarwar tsakanin mutane.
Baya ga kururuwa, penguins suna da nau'ikan alamu da dokoki a cikin kayan ajiyar su. A lokacin zawarci, maza suna daukar duwatsu a cikin bakunansu ga mata, suna jiran amsar su; kaɗa fikafikan su da ƙarfi, suna yin sautuka; gina nests ƙoƙarin jawo hankalin biyu. Blue penguins suna son taruwa a cikin ƙungiyoyi da shirya "fareti", yana faranta ran masu yawon buɗe ido da mazauna gari waɗanda ba sa mantawa da yi hoto na ƙananan penguins.
Sake haifuwa da tsawon rayuwar karamin penguin
Ma'aurata masu auren mata daya suna sanya ƙwai biyu kowanne farawa a watan Yuni. Wannan wata dabi'a ce ta kiyayewa da yawan jama'a, a cewar kididdiga, daya daga cikin kajin baya rayuwa, yayin da dayan ya balaga. A cikin shekara guda, ma'aurata na iya samun kajin 6. Bayan kwanaki 36, kaji suna kyankyashe a cikin duniya, waɗanda basu da taimako ba tare da iyaye ba. Kamawa yana faruwa ne ta hanyar mace da namiji.
Ciyar da kajin na hali ne ga wakilan jinsin - iyayen biyu sun sake mayar da abinci a bakin yara, suna kokarin barin zuriya ba tare da kulawa ba, amma bayan kwanaki 10 sarrafawa ya yi rauni, kuma kajin ana kara barin su kadai.
Kuma bayan watanni 2, kajin sun zama masu cin gashin kansu gaba daya kuma suna barin gida. Ba tare da iyaye ba, suna rayuwa cikin 'yanci har zuwa shekaru 3, kuma bayan haka sun girma har zuwa lokacin da su da kansu suke shirye su hayayyafa.
Yana da ban sha'awa cewa nau'in penguins suna da mummunan ra'ayi game da baƙon kajin, suna kore su daga yankin su, tunda sun rage yiwuwar rayuwa ta kajin su ta hanyar cin abincin da ya dace, ɗaukar wurare masu aminci.
Barazana ga ƙaramin penguin da masu farautar sa waɗanda ke hallaka shi
Predananan masu farauta a cikin ƙasa (beraye, karnuka, kuliyoyi), kifayen kifayen kifayen kifayen teku masu haɗari ga samartaka yara da manya. Saboda mutane, yankin penguins yana raguwa, wanda hakan babbar barazana ce ga yawan jama'arsu, kodayake yanzu adadinsu yana da yawa a hankali.
A cikin hoton jaririn penguin
Barazana da gurɓataccen mai, shara a cikin jikin ruwa, da dabbobin gida marasa kyau suna afkawa tsuntsayen daji, suna yanke su kuma suna kashe su. Sau da yawa ana samun penguins mai kafa daya ko kuma mai fuka-fuka sau da kafa a cikin ragar kamun kifi na masunta ko wasu dabbobi.
A cikin mazauninsu na asali, tsuntsaye suna rayuwa na ɗan gajeren lokaci har zuwa shekaru 4-7, amma an rubuta lamura a lokacin da suke cikin bauta shekarun penguins sun kai shekaru 25. Yawan penguins ya wuce mutane miliyan 1.
