Mujiya na mujiya Salon mujiya na mujiya

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Bayani da siffofin mujiya

Mujiya dangin tsuntsu ne na dare mujiya... Tana da laushi mai laushi mai laushi, ta fuskar canza kamanninta zuwa mai ban sha'awa da ƙarfi, ƙaruwa a girma, kodayake halittun ba su da nauyin da bai wuce kilogram ba kuma suna da ƙaranci da girma ga dangin danginsu na mujiya, suna da tsawon kusan rabin mita.

Siffofin bayyanar tsuntsaye kwatankwacin na mujiya ne. Koyaya, basu da gashin "kunnuwa". Bakin tsuntsun yana da tsayi, an daidaita shi daga bangarorin; sako-sako da plumage yana da launin ja ko launin toka, wanda aka watsa shi da ƙananan alamun launin ruwan kasa.

Motsawa cikin duhu mujiya tawny yana amfani da cikakkiyar kwatancen kwalliyar ƙasa wanda aka gada daga yanayin hangen nesa. Waɗannan su ne auricles, an shirya su ta hanya ta musamman, ɓoye a ƙarƙashin fuka-fukan ɓangaren gaba kuma an rufe su da fata.

Abin sha'awa, yankin hagu na kunnuwan mujiya koyaushe yana ƙasa da na dama. Wannan asymmetry na al'ada ne ga duk mujiya, amma a cikin mujiya ana furtawa har ta haifar da nakasar kwanyar. Iris na idanun halittun dare launin ruwan kasa ne.

Owl salon da mazauninsu

Mazaunin tsuntsayen da aka bayyana suna da fadi sosai, gami da Turai da Asiya, suna yada kudu zuwa yankin Arewacin Afirka. Hakanan ana samun owls irin wannan a nahiyar Amurka.

Daga cikin jinsunan tsuntsaye, gemu, doguwar-wutsi da mujiya masu launin toka suna zaune a Rasha. A cikin yankin Turai na ƙasar, yaɗu mujiya - tsuntsu wanda yake da girman mujiya matsakaita.

Owls na Asiya, Ural da Siberia galibi suna da launin shuke-shuke masu ruwan toka. Kuma jan mujiya mazauna ne, a matsayinka na doka, na ɓangarorin yamma da na kudancin babban yankin. A cikin Caucasus, wakilan wannan nau'in, waɗanda masana kimiyya suka gano a matsayin ƙananan ragi na musamman, suna da damar bugawa tare da launin ruwan kasa-kofi.

Owls Tawny owls suna rayuwarsu suna haɗuwa biyu-biyu waɗanda ba sa rabuwa a tsawon tsawon rayuwar su. Lokacin zabar wurin zama, waɗannan tsuntsayen masu farautar sun fi son wuraren da ke kusa da makiyaya ko gefen daji, tunda suna buƙatar sarari don farauta mai nasara.

A cikin hoton, mujiya mai ruwan toka tare da kajin

Rayuwar tsuntsaye tana tafiya ne gwargwadon aikin mujiya na yau da kullun, tunda lokacin ayyukansu a gare su daidai dare ne. Sun fara shirye-shiryen dare don kwasar ganima da ake so tun daga faduwar rana, suna yin jirage masu saukar ungulu sama da kasa, a lokacin da suke zayyana yiwuwar wadanda abin ya shafa na kai harin.

Tsarin fukafukai masu dacewa yana taimaka wa tsuntsayen su kusanci manufa ba tare da girgiza iska ba, wanda ke sauƙaƙa kai hare-haren su. Siffar halayyar mujiya ta yau da kullun ita ce yanayin shiru.

Koyaya, tare da fitowar alfijir, idan kun yi sa'a, za ku iya jin kiran da ake yi wa waɗannan halittu masu ban mamaki. Galibi, ba sa barin wuraren zama, suna yin ƙananan ƙaura ne kawai lokaci-lokaci. Koyaya, babu tsarin halayyar kirki ga irin waɗannan tsuntsayen.

A cikin hoton, mujiya na yau da kullun

Zasu iya yawo, su zauna a cikin kurmin kurmi na kurma, amma kuma suna samun mafaka a kusa da mazaunin mutane da gine-gine. Halittu ne masu saurin tashin hankali waɗanda a koyaushe suke kan faɗuwa. Ko da rana, lokacin da suke ɓoye a tsakanin rassan bishiyoyi, tsuntsayen koyaushe suna shirye don yiwuwar haɗari. Idan, a cewar tsuntsun, an lura da wani abu mai wuyan gani a kusa, sai ya ɓoye, har ma da gani, kamar yana ƙarami, ya ragu a cikin girma, ya zama ba shi da motsi, yana kusan haɗuwa da gangar jikin, sannan ya tashi gaba ɗaya cikin nutsuwa.

Mujiyatsuntsuwa ya san yadda za ta tsaya wa kanta. Tana kare gidanta da tsananin tashin hankali, ba ma tsoron beyar. Abokan gaba da masu son sani sun fi zama nesa da gidan kajin ta, saboda akwai haɗarin samun tabo mai zurfi ko rasa ido.

Yayin artabu tare da shaho, badass masu yawan fuka-fuka sukan fito da nasara. Owls suna ƙoƙari su bi kan iyakokin ƙasashen da suka kafa, kuma baƙi waɗanda ba a gayyata ba yana cikin ƙuƙumi ta hanyar ayyuka masu ƙarfi, halayyar tsoratarwa ko kawai ihu mai zafi. Suna kai farmaki kan dawakai, karnuka da kuliyoyi, suna afkawa mutane, amma ba ruwansu da cuwa-cuwa masu ban haushi, galibi basa amsa tsokanansu.

Na mujiya

Owls nau'in tsuntsaye ne, wanda ya hada da nau'ikan 22, wadanda, daga baya, suka kasu kashi-kashi. Misali, mujiya ta yau da kullun tana da iri iri da ake samu a sassa daban-daban na duniya.

Daga cikin nau'ikan mujiya da ke zaune a Rasha, mafi girman ana ɗaukarsa babban mujiya... Ya kai kimanin 60 cm kuma yana da fika fuka-fuki kusan mita daya da rabi. Fitowar ta kamar ba 'yar izgili bace saboda girman kawunta. Kuma kunkuntar jiki an rarrabe ta da siririn siriri na mujiya.

Hanyoyin halayyar wannan nau'ikan sune: idanun rawaya masu sifa iri-iri a cikin nau'ikan raɗaɗɗun raɗaɗi da kasancewar duhu a gaban. Bakin fuka-fukai a ƙarƙashin bakin tsuntsu suna kama da siririn gemu, wanda ya haifar da sunan.

Launi na gashin fuka-fuka na mujiya na hayaƙi mai launin toka, baya yana da launin toka-ruwan-toka tare da fatar motley, ciki mai haske ne, fuka-fuki sun yi duhu, ƙasƙancin ƙasa. Ba kamar sauran mujiyoyi ba, wannan tsuntsun maraice ne.

Saurari muryar mujiya mai gemu

Da dare ba ta da aiki sosai, kuma yakan faru cewa ba ta barci da rana. Irin waɗannan tsuntsayen suna da fika masu ƙarfi kuma suna yin sautuka masu ban sha'awa. Wadannan tsuntsayen da ba safai suke rayuwa ba a cikin dazukan tsaunuka na yankunan taiga.

A cikin hoton, mujiya mai gemu

Jinsin da aka samo asali a cikin Urals shine mujiya mai dogon lokaci... Tsuntsayen sun fi girma girman (fikafikansu sunkai 40 cm tsayi), dusar haske akan fuska da idanun baƙi.

Fukafukansu suna da fari-fari-fari, amma sun ɗan fi sauran haske na launin toka mai launin fari. Ciki yakan zama gaba daya fari. Mujiya mai dogon lokaci yana farke kuma yana farauta da daddare kafin fitowar rana ta farko.

Saurari muryar mujiya mai dogon lokaci

Tana zaune a cikin gandun daji da aka gauraye, amma a lokacin hunturu galibi yakan tafi tafiye-tafiye don neman wurare masu ɗumi. Irin waɗannan mujiyoyi suna da hankali, a sauƙaƙe suna amfani da mutane kuma suna iya zama masu ɗaci.

A cikin hoton, mujiya mai dogon lokaci

Ana la'akari da ƙaramin nau'in mujiya mai toka... Girman irin waɗannan tsuntsayen bai wuce kimanin cm 38. Suna da idanu masu duhu, babban kai wanda zai iya juya kashi uku cikin huɗu na da'irar, da launin toka.

A lokacin saduwar aure, maza na dogon lokaci, mata suna amsawa da gajerun gajiyar nishi. Irin waɗannan tsuntsayen ana samun su a cikin gandun daji masu daɗaɗɗu, daɗaɗɗu da gauraye da ke girma a Turai da Asiya ta Tsakiya, tsuntsayen ma galibi suna zama a wuraren shakatawa da lambuna.

Saurari muryar mujiya mai toka

Gidaran mujiya na kodadde ya hada da Masar, Isra'ila da Siriya. A cikin wadannan bangarorin, tsuntsaye suna zaune cikin kwazazzabai na dutsen, da dabbobin daji, har ma da hamada. Irin waɗannan tsuntsaye ana rarrabe su da launuka masu launi, idanun rawaya da ƙarami (a matsakaita kusan 30 cm).

Owl yana ciyarwa

An yi imanin cewa kalmar "mujiya" an fassara ta ne daga Tsohuwar Rasha a matsayin "wata halittar da ba za ta iya ci ba." Amma duk da cewa tsuntsun ɗan fashi ne na dare, amma bai isa ya zama mai sha'awar farauta ba.

Lokacin da dare ya zo gandun daji mai zurfin zurfin, tsuntsayen, suna sauraron duk wata hargitsi, suna ta zirga-zirga tsakanin bishiyoyin, suna neman ɓeraye, voles da shru Sau da yawa suna kai hari cikin ɓacin rai ga waɗanda aka ci zarafinsu, suna sa musu ido daga kwanton bauna.

Sannan kuma tare da dusar ƙanƙara sau ɗaya sai suka riski abincinsu a wurin da jinsu mai ban sha'awa ya nuna musu. Yawancin lokaci, jifa na mujiya da ke harin bai wuce mita shida ba a tsayi, kodayake akwai isassun alamomi.

Da yake ba su da nisa da ƙasar noma, irin waɗannan tsuntsayen suna ba da fa'ida ga mutane, suna lalata berayen da ke gonaki. Mujiya da ke farauta, bin diddigin wuraren tarin kananan tsuntsayen dare, galibi tana sake ziyartar su don samun riba.

Masu farautar fuka-fukai sukan bata ran mafarautan, suna barinsu ba tare da fatun sabulu da wasu kananan dabbobi masu dauke da fur, suna shiga cikin tarkuna kuma sakamakon wannan, ganimar yan fashin fuka-fukai. Abincin mujiya ya hada da kananan ƙananan invertebrates, amphibians da dabbobi masu rarrafe.

Sake haifuwa da tsawon rayuwar mujiya

Ana iya samun gurɓin mujiya a cikin rami na bishiyoyin gandun daji, kusa da gansakuka, sharewa da gefuna, galibi a ɗakunan gidajen da aka watsar. Ya faru cewa qwanan irin wadannan tsuntsayen an shimfida su a gidajen wasu tsuntsayen, misali, goshawks, masu cin ciyawa, ungulu, haka ma mujiya da wasu nau'ikan wadannan wakilan dangin mujiya. Lokacin farkon lokacin saduwa ya ta'allaka ne da yanayin canjin wurin zama wanda wasu nau'ikan mujiya na mujiya suke ciki.

A cikin hoton, gida ne na mujiya mai gemu

Mujiya 'yar kasar Brazil mazaunin dazuzzuka ne na Sabuwar Duniya tare da kyakkyawar yanayi mai dumi, saboda haka tana fara hayayyafa a cikin watan Agusta kuma ta ƙare a watan Oktoba, tana shirya kanta da sheƙan cikin ramuka na itace. Makonni biyar bayan haihuwa, kajin sun riga sun bar gidan iyayensu, kuma bayan watanni huɗu suna jagorantar rayuwa mai zaman kanta gaba ɗaya.

Ciyar da rayuwarsu a cikin dazuzzuka na Turai, jinsunan tsuntsaye daga jinsin mujiya na mujiya, a cikin lokacin da yanayi ya ba su don kiwo, suna cika kurman kurmi da muryoyinsu, suna fara wasan kidan nasu. Gaskiya ne, sautukan da suke yi: jan hankalin maza da gajere, kumbura kukan budurwansu, ba za a iya kiransu da karin waƙa ba.

Saurari muryar namijin mujiya

Lokacin renon zuriyar mujiya na farawa da wuri. Farin manyan ƙwai, waɗanda yawanci kusan guda huɗu ne, ƙyanƙyashe har ma a lokacin sanyi, kuma zuwa ƙarshen Afrilu, a matsayin mai mulkin, kajin farko sun riga sun bar gidan iyayensu.

A cikin hoton, gida ne na mujiya na Brazil

Maza suna taimaka wa budurwansu a lokacin mawuyacin hali na zuriya a cikin komai, koyaushe suna kawo abinci ga waɗanda suka zaɓa. Yaran naman mujiya na yau da kullun sun bayyana ga duniya cikin fararen kaya masu walƙiya, daga baya, an rufe su da ratsiyoyi na ciki. Lokacin da suke jin yunwa, yaran suna yin kuwwa ba tare da wata murya ba, suna tambayar iyayensu su ciyar dasu.

Tuni a cikin shekarar farko ta rayuwa, zuriya mai saurin girma ta zama ta balaga. An yi imani, kodayake ba a tabbatar da tabbaci ba, cewa mujiya na rayuwa na kimanin shekaru biyar. Koyaya, akwai sanannun lokuta na tsawon rai, lokacin da shekarun tsuntsaye suka kai kimanin shekaru ashirin ko fiye.

Amma a cikin daji, irin waɗannan mujiyoyin sukan mutu, suna zama waɗanda ke fama da haɗari da ɓarna. Kusa da tsarin mutane, suna mutuwa, suna buga waya da kuma karo da inji. Yawancin jinsunan wadannan tsuntsayen ana daukar su wadanda ba safai suke ba, misali mai daukar hankali wannan shine gemu mujiya. Littafin Ja yana kula da kariyar su.

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Kalli bidiyon: Kuji Tsoron Allah Mata Dagaske Yafaru Kalli Yadda Wasu Layoyi Suka Zubo Daga Jikin Matar Nan (Nuwamba 2024).