Gwanin launin toka - tsuntsayen rana. Suna haɗe da haɗi biyu, suna iya yin gida a wuri daya sau da yawa. Kira da juna da babbar murya, waƙoƙin kara. Suna yin ƙaura, ba zaɓaɓɓu ba ne a cikin abincin su, suna dacewa da yanayin canjin yanayin mazaunin su da kuma yanayin abincin wannan yankin.
Bayani, fasali da mazaunin launin toka
Launin tsuntsu launin toka ne, a hankali ya zama baƙi. Kan yana da duhu, amma layin fari yana saukowa daga sasannin idanu a gefen kai da wuya. Babu fuka-fukai a saman saman kai; fatar da ke wannan wurin ja ce, da kyawawan gashi.
Gilashin launin toka shine tsuntsu mai tsayi kuma babba, wanda tsayinsa yakai 110 zuwa 130 cm .. nauyin mutum daga 5,5 zuwa 7 kg. Fukafukan suna da tsawon 56 zuwa 65 cm, cikakken span daga 180 zuwa 240 cm. Duk da wannan girman, katako ba ya tashi da sauri, koda kuwa a lokacin hawa jirgi.
Wuya doguwa ce, kai ba babba ba ne, bakin ya kai 30 cm, launin toka-koren launi a hankali a hankali zuwa haske. Idanun suna matsakaici, launin ruwan kasa masu duhu. Yaran yara sun bambanta da tsuntsaye baligi masu launi, gashin fuka-fukan samari dabbobi masu launin toka ne da ja, babu wata alamar halayya ja a kai. Tsuntsayen sun fara tashi da gudu, kafafu da kai suna cikin jirgi ɗaya, a cikin sanyi za a iya lanƙwasa gaɓoɓin.
A cikin hoton akwai kujeru masu launin toka a lokacin kaka
Babban mazaunin crane shine arewacin da yammacin Turai, arewacin Mongolia da China. Ana iya samun ƙananan garken dabbobi a cikin Yankin Altai. Akwai shaidar cewa kwanukan kwana na kowa gida a Tibet da wasu yankuna na Turkiyya.
A lokacin hunturu na hunturu, kwanya suna yin ƙaura zuwa wasu ƙasashe da yanayi mai ɗumi da ɗumi. Yawancin mutanen suna yin ƙaura don lokacin hunturu zuwa Afirka, Mesopotamiya da Iran. Da kyar suke yin ƙaura zuwa Indiya, wasu garken suna ƙaura zuwa kudancin Turai da Caucasus.
Yanayi da salon rayuwar launin toka
Cranes suna gida a cikin yankunan dausayi da kuma kan gabar ruwa. Wasu lokuta ana iya samun gidajen Crane kusa da filayen da aka shuka. A kowane hali, tsuntsaye suna yin gida gida a cikin yanki mai kariya.
Cranes suna yin kama a kusan yanki ɗaya; wani lokacin ana amfani da tsohuwar gida, koda kuwa an lalata ta a bara. Sun fara yin gida gida da wuri, tuni a karshen watan Maris, tsuntsaye sun fara gina sabuwar ko tsara tsohuwar gida.
Unƙun tsuntsaye na iya kasancewa tsakanin tazarar kilomita 1 daga juna, amma galibi wannan nisan yafi girma. Don hunturu, sun zabi tsaunuka, a cikin ciyayi mai danshi. A cikin manya, molt yana faruwa kowace shekara, bayan lokacin shiryawa da ƙwai. A wannan lokacin, tsuntsayen sun rasa ikon yin sama, suna tafiya can nesa da wahalar shiga, dausayi.
Babban gashin fuka-fukai suna girma kafin farkon lokacin sanyi, kuma ƙaramin ci gaban yana girma a hankali, har ma a lokacin sanyi. Matasa suna yin zance ta wata hanya daban, sun ɗan canza fuka-fukai tsawon shekaru biyu, amma har zuwa lokacin da suka balaga suna cikawa kamar manya.
ZUWA fasali mai ban sha'awa na launin toka mai toka ana iya danganta shi da babbar murya, godiya ga sautin ƙaho, cranes na iya kiran juna tsakanin radius na kilomita 2, kodayake mutum na iya jin waɗannan muryoyin a nesa mafi nisa.
Tare da taimakon murya, kujeru suna kiran juna, suna faɗakar da haɗari, kuma suna yin kira ga abokin tarayya yayin wasannin mating. Bayan an sami ma'aurata, sautunan da aka yi suna canzawa zuwa waƙa, wanda duka abokan aikin ke aiwatarwa a madadin.
Ciyar da katako na kowa
Wadannan tsuntsayen suna da komai. Babban abincin yayin saduwa da kwan kwaya shine tsutsotsi, manyan kwari, beraye iri-iri, macizai da kwadi. Cranes galibi suna ciyar da nau'ikan kifaye.
Abincin tsuntsaye yana da wadataccen abinci na asalin tsirrai. Tsuntsaye suna cin tushen, tushe, 'ya'yan itace da ganyaye. Wani lokacin suna ciyar da itacen ɓaure. Barazana ce ga shukar da aka shuka, idan gida a yankunan karkara, hakan na iya haifar da babbar illa ga shukokin da ake shukawa, musamman hatsi.
Sake haifuwa da tsawon rai na launin toka mai launin toka-toka
Grey cranes suna ɗaya daga cikin birdsan tsuntsayen da suke da mata ɗaya. Sau da yawa, bayan samuwar ma'aurata, haɗuwar tana da tsawon rayuwa. Mutuwar ɗaya daga cikin kwakwalwan ne kaɗai zai iya haifar da jakar motar.
Da kyar ma'aurata ke rabuwa saboda jerin samfuran da basu yi nasara ba don samun zuriya. Tsuntsaye suna balaga a cikin shekara ta biyu ta rayuwa. Yaran dabbobi ba sa yin ƙwai. Kafin fara jima'i, cranes suna shirya wurin nesting. Gida an gina shi har zuwa mita 1 a diamita kuma ya ƙunshi rassa mai ninkawa, reeds, reeds da gansakuka.
Bayan al'adun jima'i, mace zata ci gaba da kamawa. Don kiyaye su daga masu farauta, tsuntsaye suna lulluɓe labulen da laka da kuma ƙwanƙwara, wannan yana ba su damar da ba za su iya zama sananne sosai ba a lokacin kwantawa.
A cikin hoton, namiji da mace na farar launin toka
Yawan ƙwai kusan koyaushe 2 ne, da wuya ƙwai 1 ko 3 a haɗo. Lokacin shiryawa shine kwanaki 31, duka iyayen sun kyankyata kajin, namiji ya maye gurbin mace yayin ciyarwar. Duk tsawon lokacin dasukayi, namiji baya matsawa nesa da gida kuma yana kiyaye zuriya koyaushe daga haɗari. Qwai na crane gama gari suna da tsayi kuma sun kankance zuwa sama. Launin kwai ruwan zaitun ne mai ruwan ja tare da ja-ja. Nauyin daga 160 zuwa 200 g, tsawon har zuwa 10 cm.
A cikin hoto, kajin farko na crane mai ruwan toka, na biyu har yanzu yana cikin ƙwai
A ƙarshen kalmar, kajin suna kyankyashe da abin da yayi kama da fluff. Kusan nan da nan, za su iya barin gida na ɗan lokaci. Yara jarirai suna haɓaka cikakken loma cikin kimanin kwanaki 70, bayan haka suna iya tashi da kansu. Tsuntsaye cranes masu launin toka a cikin daji suna rayuwa daga shekara 30 zuwa 40. Ba daidai ba, amma cikin ƙaura tare da kulawa mai kyau, zasu iya rayuwa har zuwa shekaru 80.
A cikin hoton, kaza mai launin toka mai launin toka, wadda ake ciyar da ita a cikin ɗakin ajiyar tare da taimakon uwa mai wucin gadi, don kar mutane su saba da ita
Ana daukar wakilan wannan nau'in na kowa, amma yawansu yana raguwa sosai. Grey crane a cikin littafin ja ba a jera shi ba, amma protectedungiyar Kare Lafiyar Duniya ta kare.
Ragowar raguwa a cikin jama'a yawanci shine saboda raguwar yankin don cike gurbi da haifuwa. Yankunan dausayi suna ta zama kasa da kasa saboda bushewa ko magudanan ruwa.
A cikin hoton, uba mai launin toka mai launin toka mai zuriya
