Duniyar dabbobi ta nahiyar Afirka
Yanayin Afirka, wanda yake a wani yanki na babban haske da hasken rana ke bayarwa, yana da matukar dacewa ga mazaunin nau'ikan halittu iri daban-daban a yankunanta.
Abin da ya sa fauna na nahiyar ke da wadataccen arziki, kuma game da dabbobi a Afirka akwai tatsuniyoyi da ban mamaki da yawa. Kuma ayyukan ɗan adam ne kawai, wanda baya shafar canjin yanayin halittar ta hanya mafi kyau, yana taimakawa ga ƙarancin nau'ikan halittu masu rai da raguwar yawan alumman su, yayin haifar da cutar da ba za a iya magance ta ba.
Koyaya, don kiyayewa a cikin sifarsa ta musamman duniyar dabbobi na afirka Kwanan nan, an ƙirƙiri wuraren ajiya, wuraren bautar namun daji, wuraren shakatawa na ƙasa da na ƙasa, koyaushe yana jan hankalin yawancin masu yawon buɗe ido tare da damar don sanin masun arzikin da ke cikin babban yankin da kuma zurfafa nazarin musamman duniya ta yanayin wurare masu zafi da yanayin ƙasa.
Masana kimiyya a duk faɗin duniya sun daɗe da sha'awar wannan nau'ikan halittu masu ban mamaki, wanda shine batun yawancin ilimin kimiyya da hujjoji masu ban sha'awa cike da kyawawan abubuwa rahotanni game da dabbobin Afirka.
Fara labarin game da dabbobin wannan nahiya, ya kamata a sani cewa zafi da danshi a wannan babban yankin, kusa da mashigi, an rarraba ba daidai ba.
Wannan shine dalilin samuwar yankuna daban-daban na yanayi. Tsakanin su:
- bishiyoyi, dazuzzuka masu cike da danshi;
- gandun daji marasa iyaka;
- manyan savannas da dazuzzuka, suna zaune kusan rabin adadin yankin na duk nahiyar.
Irin waɗannan halayen na halitta babu shakka sun bar martabarsu a kan bambancin ra'ayi da keɓaɓɓun sifofin yanayin nahiyar.
Kuma duk waɗannan yankuna masu canjin yanayi, har ma da waɗanda suka hura zafin rashin tausayi na hamada da rabin hamada, suna cike kuma suna cike da ƙwayoyin halitta. Anan ga wasu sanannun wakilai na fauna na nahiyar mai zafi, dabbobin daji na afirka.
Zaki
Sarkin namun daji yana cikin madaidaicin matsayi a cikin manyan mahautan nahiyar. Wurin zama mai kyau kuma mafi soyuwa ga wannan dabba ta ƙasa tare da halayyar mutum mai kauri, wanda nauyin jikinsa wani lokaci yakan kai kilogiram 227, shine shroud, wanda ke jan hankalin waɗannan halittu masu ƙyalƙyali tare da shimfidar wuri mai buɗewa, wajibi ne ga freedomancin motsi, kasancewar ramuka na ruwa da kuma babbar dama don farauta mai nasara.
Yawancin nau'ikan mazauna suna rayuwa anan da yawa dabbobin Afirka Shin waɗanda ke fama da wannan mummunan ɗanye. Amma ya kamata a sani cewa saboda yawan zubar da zakuna a Afirka ta Kudu, Libya da Misira, irin waɗannan masu son freedomancin daji da ƙaƙƙarfan halittu da kansu sun zama waɗanda ke fama da sha'awar sha'awa da zalunci, kuma a yau galibi ana samun su ne kawai a Afirka ta Tsakiya.
Kuraye
Dabba mai tsayi har tsawon mita daya da rabi, wanda yake mazaunin savanna da dazuzzuka. A bayyane, waɗannan dabbobin suna kama da karnukan diski.
Hyena na cikin jinsin masu farauta, yana ciyar da mushe kuma yana tafiyar da rayuwar sa cikin dare. Launin dabba na iya zama jajaye ko rawaya mai duhu tare da aibobi ko ratsiyoyi masu ratsa jiki a gefen.
Jakarwa
Wannan dangi ne na kyarketai masu launin toka, wanda ke da kamanni na waje da su, amma ba shi da muhimmanci a cikin girma. Tana zaune galibi a yankin arewacin Afirka, an rarraba ta kan yankuna da yawa, kuma yawancin dawakai ba sa fuskantar barazanar halaka. Ana cin abincin dabbobi, galibi ungulate, kwari da nau'ikan 'ya'yan itacen iri iri a cikin abincin.
Giwa
Shahararren giwar Afirka mazauni ne na shroud mai tsawon mil biyu da kuma dajin mai cike da ciyayi masu zafi.
Tsayin waɗannan dabbobin masu darajar tattalin arziki, duk sanannun halaye na zaman lafiya da girman su, dabbobi kusan mita 4 ne.
Kuma nauyin, wanda ya kai ga jikinsu mai ban sha'awa, an kiyasta ya kai tan bakwai da ƙari. Abin mamaki, tare da ginin su, giwaye suna iya motsawa cikin dazuzzuka na ciyawar ciyayi kusan shiru.
Hoton giwar Afirka ce
Farin karkanda
Mafi girman dabbobi masu shayarwa bayan giwaye daga dabbobin da ke rayuwa a cikin girman Afirka. Tana da nauyin jiki kusan tan uku.
Idan aka yi magana takamaiman, launin wannan dabbar ba cikakkiyar fari bace, kuma inuwar fatarsa ta dogara da nau'in ƙasan yankin da yake zaune, kuma zai iya zama mai duhu, ja, kuma mai sauƙi. Irin waɗannan ganyeyen tsire-tsire galibi ana samunsu a buɗe sararin shroud a cikin dazuzzukan daji.
Farin karkanda
Black karkanda
Dabba ce mai iko kuma babba, amma nauyinta galibi baya wuce tan biyu. Adon da babu kokwanto akan irin wadannan halittun guda biyu ne, kuma a wasu lokuta har ma da ƙahoni uku ko biyar.
Leben saman rhinoceros yana da kamannin proboscis kuma ya rataya a kan ƙaramin, wanda ya sa ya zama da matukar sauƙi a tsinke ganye daga rassan shrubs.
Hoton baƙon karkanda ne
Damisa
Baƙon abu a cikin kyanta, babbar damisa mai kyan gani, galibi ana samunta a ko'ina cikin nahiyar, gami da ma, hasken rana mai tsananin zafi, yankin da ba shi da ruwa na Mashahurin Sahara.
Launuka na lokacin farin ciki Jawo irin wannan dabbobin Afirka, masu farauta a ainihinta, abin birgewa ne matuka: bayyananniyar tabo baƙaƙiya sun bazu ko'ina cikin asalin rawaya, duka masu ƙarfi da kamannin zobba a cikin sifa.
Cheetah
Irin waɗannan wakilai na dangin ma suna yaba da tsananin alheri, amma sun bambanta da danginsu ta hanyoyi da yawa, suna da kamanni na waje da kare mai toka kuma kamar su, an daidaita su da saurin gudu.
Cheetahs suna son hawa bishiyoyi kuma suna da gajere, tabarau mai dogo da doguwar wutsiya. Ana iya samun su a cikin sutura da hamada, baƙi ne masu saurin farauta, yawanci suna zuwa farauta da rana.
Rakumin dawa
Dabbar, sanannen tsawon wuyanta, na mallakar halittun dabbobi ne na artiodactyl. Tsayinsa daga ƙasa na iya kaiwa kusan mita 6, wanda ke taimaka wa waɗannan ganyeyen ciyayi ganyaye ganyaye da fruitsa fruitsan itace daga dogayen bishiyoyi.
A Nahiyar Afirka, yana yiwuwa a hadu da nau'ikan raƙuman launuka daban-daban, waɗanda masana ilimin halitta ke dangantawa da nau'ikan halittu daban-daban waɗanda ke iya haɗuwa da juna. Masana kimiyya har ma suna jayayya cewa kusan abu ne mawuyaci a samu ko da irin wadannan dabbobi masu dogon wuya masu inuwar jiki iri daya.
Zebras
An tsara halittun da al'ada kamar yadda suke daidai. Dabbobi daban-daban na zebra na iya rayuwa a yankunan tsaunuka, haka kuma a cikin hamada da filaye.
An san su ko'ina don launin taguwar tasu, inda launuka baƙi da fari ke canzawa tare da juna, tare da kowane mutum mai mallakar tsarin mutum. Wannan launi game da asalin yanayi yana rikita masu cin nama kuma har ma yana iya karewa daga kwari mai ban haushi.
Buffalo
Herdsayan garken waɗannan dabbobi masu ƙarfi tare da manyan ƙaho suna yawo a kan kangon, waɗanda ke zaune galibi kudu da Hamadar Sahara. Waɗannan abokan adawar ne masu ban tsoro ga abokan gaba, har ma suna iya kai hari ga zakoki a cikin rukuni, amma suna ciyar da ciyawa da tsire-tsire.
Buffalo suna gasa cikin sauri da mota, kuma kaurin fatar wadannan halittu na basu damar buya a cikin irin wadannan daji na daji, wanda ba kowace dabba ce za ta yi wuf ba.
Buffalo na Afirka
Tsuntsaye
Daban-daban nau'ikan halittun masu kaho kofato suna da girma ba tare da son kai ba kuma suna da tushe a yanayi daban-daban.
Sun saba da hamada mai bushewa, matattakala mara iyaka, suna yawo a cikin dazuzzuka da kuma shrouds a tsakanin gandun daji. Tsuntsaye suna dangin bijimai kuma suna cin shuke-shuke.
Barewa
Animalsananan dabbobi masu ƙyallen kafafu masu ƙyallen karami tare da ƙahonin siffa mai kayataccen siffa, mallakar dangin dangi. Suna da launin ruwan kasa mai launin ruwan kasa ko launin toka-toka da farin ciki, suna iya shawo kan manyan matsaloli, kuma tsayinsu na iya kaiwa kimanin mita bakwai.
Lemun tsami
Halittu masu kauri fur mai launuka iri-iri da doguwar jela mai walƙiya sun cancanci kasancewa cikin rukunin dabbobi masu ban sha'awa na Afirka.
Suna da fuskar fox da fika a dukkan yatsu, kuma ɗayansu, wanda ake kira da tufafi ɗaya, ana amfani dashi don tsefewa da gyaran gashi. Abun takaici, sakamakon raguwar da yawa daga nau'ikan lemurs, an sanya su cikin Littafin Ja.
A cikin lemurs na hoto
Kyanwa
Girman birni daga yanayin halittar dabobi, mai tsawon jiki kimanin 75 cm da babban wutsiya. Mafi yawancin lokuta, irin waɗannan dabbobin suna da launin rawaya, ana samun su a cikin dazuzzuka na kudanci da gabashin Afirka, kuma galibi ana samun su a wuraren buɗe ido na waɗannan yankuna.
Dabbobin Baboon suna cikin rukuni-rukuni, inda shugaba yawanci ya fi karfi da har zai iya fada da damisa.
Kyanwa
Yana zaune a Afirka ta Kudu. Tana da dogon hanci irin na kare, wanda aka lullube shi da gashin kansa mai kauri, yana da hakora masu ban sha'awa, muƙamulai masu ƙarfi, wutsiya mai lanƙwasa da kaifi.
An kawata bayyanar maza da babban farin gogewa. Babban makiyansu su ne kada, da kuraye, da damisa da zakuna, wanda bawon da ke da karfin tunkuɗewa da kaifin haushinsa.
Dabbaren hoto
Gorilla
Firamare da ke rayuwa a cikin dazuzzuka na nahiyar mai zafi. Gorillas ana ɗaukarsu manyan antropoids. Tsayin jikin maza ya yi daidai da tsayin mutum mai tsayi, a wasu yanayi ya kusan kai mita biyu a girma, kuma nauyin jikinsu mai girma ya kai kilo 250.
Amma mata sun fi yawa kuma sun fi sauƙi. Kafadun gorilla suna da fadi, kai yana da girma, hannaye suna da girma cikin girma da hannaye masu karfi, fuska baƙi.
Chimpanzee
Babban birin, wanda aka saba da shi a yankin nahiyar na tsaka-tsakin, ana samun shi a cikin dutsen da gandun daji na damina. Tsawon jiki kusan mita daya da rabi ne. Hannayensu sun fi kafafunsu tsayi sosai, kunnuwansu kusan kamar na mutane ne, gashinsu baƙi ne, kuma fatarta tana birgima.
Chimpanzee biri
Biri
Masana kimiyya na cikin manyan birai kuma suna da ƙarami. Wasu nau'ikan birai suna da wutsiya, amma ƙila ba ta nan. Rigarsu doguwa ce kuma mai kauri. Launi na Jawo ya bambanta: daga fari-rawaya da kore zuwa duhu. Birai na iya zama a cikin dazuzzuka, dausayi, da kuma wuraren tsaunuka da duwatsu.
Okapi
Manyan dabbobin artiodactyl masu nauyin kilogram 250. Okapi dangi ne na rakumin dawa, na dabbobin daji na Afirka da ciyar da 'ya'yan itace, ganye da harbe-harbe na tsire-tsire iri-iri da ke girma a cikin kirjin yanayin wurare masu zafi.
Shahararren matafiyi Stanley ne ya fara gano su a cikin dazukan budurwa kusa da Kogin Congo. Wuyan waɗannan dabbobi, ba kamar raƙuman daji ba, daidai yake da tsayi. Bugu da kari, suna da manyan kunnuwa, manyan kalmomin bayyana masu karfi da jela tare da tassel.
Dabba okapi
Duiker
Dabbar dai mallakar dangin dangi ne. Waɗannan rayayyun halittu ne masu girman ƙarami, galibi suna rayuwa ne a cikin daji mai wahalar isa. Dukers suna da hankali da kunya.
Kuma sunan su a cikin fassarar na nufin "mai nutsewa". Dabbobin sun sami irin wannan laƙabin saboda iyawarsu, guduwa, don ɓoyewa a saurin walƙiya a cikin ƙirjin maɓuɓɓugan ruwa daban-daban, su ma da sauri suna ɓacewa cikin dajin daji ko kuma dajin daji.
Bakin akuya
Kada
Dabba mai rarrafe mai haɗari, wanda galibi ake samu a cikin rafuka da yawa na nahiyar Afirka. Waɗannan tsoffin dabbobin ne waɗanda ake ɗaukar su dangin dinosaur, sun daɗe daga fuskar duniyarmu. Juyin halittar irin wadannan dabbobi masu rarrafe, wanda ya dace da rayuwar jikin ruwa na yankuna masu zafi da na karkashin kasa, ana kidaya shi a cikin miliyoyin karni.
A halin yanzu, irin wadannan halittun sun dan canza a waje, wanda aka bayyana yanayin zaman su a yankuna inda yanayi da yanayin muhalli suka samu sauye sauye kadan a cikin babban lokacin da ya gabata. Kadoji suna da jiki irin na kadangare kuma sun shahara da karfin haƙoransu.
Danshi
Wadannan dabbobi kuma ana kiransu hippos, wanda shima suna ne sosai. Zuwa yau, wakilan dangin artiodactyl, saboda mummunar halakar, suna zaune ne kawai a yankunan gabas da tsakiyar nahiyar Afirka., Kuma ana iya kiyaye su galibi a wuraren shakatawa na kasa. Ana bayyanar da bayyanar su da babban jiki da gajerun gaɓoɓin kafa.
Hijira na Pygmy
Ya bambanta da talakawa na musamman a cikin girma kuma yana da girman mita ɗaya da rabi ko ƙari kaɗan. Wuyan dabbobi dogo ne, kafafu basa dacewa da karamin kai.
Fatar tana da kauri sosai kuma tana da launin ruwan kasa mai duhu ko duhu. Hippopotamus na pygmy yana zaune a cikin tafki tare da tafiyar hawainiya; ana iya samun irin wannan halittar a cikin dazuzzuka na wurare masu zafi.
Hoto hoto ne na hippopotamus
Marabou
Daga cikin tsuntsayen ƙasar, ana ɗaukar marabou mafi girma, ya kai tsayin mita ɗaya da rabi. Kan ba ya da gashin fuka-fukai, babban baki mai girman girma, yana hutawa a cikin kwanciyar hankali a kan yanayin jijiyar wuyan wuyansa, an rufe shi da gashinsa kuma yana wakiltar wani matashin kai. Bayanin gaba ɗaya na plumage fari ne, kawai baya, wutsiya da fikafikansa suna da duhu.
Tsuntsun Marabou
Jimina
Tsuntsu shine mafi girma a cikin masarauta mai girman sararin samaniya. Tsayin tsuntsu mai ban sha'awa ya kai cm 270. A da, ana samun waɗannan halittun a cikin Arabiya da Siriya, amma yanzu ana same su ne kawai a cikin faɗin yankin Afirka.
Sun shahara ne saboda doguwar wuyansu kuma suna da karfin bunkasa matukar akwai matsala. Jimina mai haushi na iya zama mai saurin tashin hankali kuma, cikin yanayin tashin hankali, yana da haɗari har ma ga mutane.
Jimina ta Afirka ita ce mafi girman wakilcin tsuntsaye
Flamingo
Wannan kyakkyawan tsuntsu dangin stork ne. Irin waɗannan kyawawan halittu ana iya samun su a kusa da ruwayen zurfin tafkin gishiri da kuma cikin lagoons. Ko da rabin karnin da ya gabata, flamingos suna da yawa sosai, amma bayan lokaci, yawan wadannan masu mallakar fuka-fukan ruwan hoda masu haske na musamman sun sami mummunar lalacewa.
Ibis
Ibis dangi ne na stork, kuma an san waɗannan tsuntsaye da girmamawa sosai a zamanin da a Misira. Suna da karamin jiki, siriri, siriri da dogayen kafafu masu hade da ruwa, wadanda suke da matukar amfani ga tsuntsayen da suke kwashe mafi yawan rayuwarsu a cikin ruwa. Wuyansu masu kyau ne kuma dogaye, kuma launin labulen na iya zama fari-fari, mulufi mai haske ko launin toka-ruwan kasa.
A cikin hoton akwai tsuntsu ibis
Ungulu
Wadannan tsuntsayen masu cin nama sun gwammace su ciyar da mushe. Ultungiyoyin ungulu ƙarami ne, suna da rauni da siriri baki, tare da dogon ƙugiya mai kama da taƙama a ƙarshen.
Ba a rarrabe su da tsananin karfin jiki ba, tsuntsayen sun zama sanannu saboda kaifin basirarsu, misali daya daga cikinsu shi ne irin karfin da suke da shi na fasa kwai jimina da abubuwa masu kaifi.
Tsuntsun ungulu
Kunkuru
Nahiyar Afirka gida ne ga nau'ikan kunkuru masu yawa iri-iri da launuka. Galibi suna zaune a tabkuna, koguna da gulbi, suna cin abincin da ke cikin ruwa da kifaye.
Wasu daga cikin wadannan dabbobi masu rarrafe suna isa da ban mamaki, girman girma, masu tsayin bawo na tsawon mita daya da rabi da nauyin su yakai 250. Turtuna sanannun mutane ne masu shekaru ɗari da yawa, waɗanda yawancin su suna rayuwa sama da shekaru 200.
Python
Yana ɗayan manyan dabbobi masu rarrafe a duniya kuma yana da alaƙa da boas da anacondas.Wasu tsaffin suna da tsayi zuwa mita 6. Launinsu na iya zama nau'ikan tabarau iri-iri, mai ɗaurewa kuma tare da kyawawan alamu.
Abu ne mai ban sha'awa cewa girman wannan girman da maciji na waje ba guba ba ne, amma suna iya shake maƙarƙashiyar da ƙarfin tsokoki.
Python ana ɗaukarsa ɗayan manyan dabbobi masu rarrafe
Gyurza
Ba kamar python ba, yana da guba mai kisa. A Nahiyar Afirka, Gyurza yana rayuwa galibi a gabar arewacin. Dabbobi masu rarrafe suna da girma, galibi fiye da mita. Kan su yana da sifa uku-uku kuma yana da launi iri ɗaya, baya baya launin ruwan kasa ne mai haske ko toka, zane a sifofin tobobi da layuka mai yiwuwa ne.
Gyurza na ɗaya daga cikin macizai masu dafi sosai
Macijin
Wani maciji ne mai tsananin haɗari da haɗari na gidan asp, ana samun sa ko'ina a cikin nahiyar. Yin amfani da lokacin da ya dace, macizai suna rugawa ga waɗanda aka azabtar da su kuma suka yi mummunan rauni a bayan kansa. Dabbobi masu rarrafe sukan kai mita biyu a tsayi.
Cobra a cikin hoton
