Kowa ya san dawa. Tun daga yarinta, kowane mutum yana da ra'ayin abin da ƙugiya take kama, godiya ga tatsuniyoyin jama'a da waƙoƙi. Ya isa ya tuna "geese mai cike da fara'a ya zauna tare da kaka". Amma mutumin da ba shi da alaƙa da kayan ɗabi'a da alama ba zai iya amsawa game da wanene sukhonos ba.
Fasali da mazauninsu
Sukhonos - mafi girma a cikin dangin agwagwa. Bayyanar da busasshiyar hanci ta yi kama da taƙudawar da aka saba da ita ta cikin gida, amma har yanzu akwai bambance-bambance: ƙara mai tsayi mai daɗi da baƙin baki mai nauyi, wanda ya shaƙata da farin ɗamara a gindi. Bakin bakin, idan aka kwatanta shi da sauran Anseriformes, ya fi girma girma, a geese da yawa ya kai cm 10. Bakin maza kamar ya ɗan kumbura ne.
Nauyin wannan kuzarin daji ya kai kilogiram 3,5.5.5.5.5.5.5.5.5.5.5.5.5.5.5.5; Tsawon jikin ya kai mita 1, tsayin fukafukinsa ya kai mita 1.5-1.8. Fushin busasshiyar hanci yayi kama da dangin ta na gida mai ruwan toka, tare da launukan launin toka da launin ruwan kasa da ke cikin launi.
Taarfin gwaiwa, na sama da na ciki sun yi fari fat; baya, bangarorin da fikafikan suna launin toka mai duhu tare da siraran haske mai ratsa ratsi. Kirjin da wuyan suna fawn, daga gindin wuya zuwa bakin akwai mai fadi a kasa mai launin ruwan kasa a sama, lamuran da ke karkashin baki launi daya ne.
Mata da maza na busassun baki suna da launi iri ɗaya, amma ana iya bambanta tsuntsaye samari da manya - samari tsuntsaye ba su da wata kyakkyawar iyaka ta kusa da bakin. A matsayina na dangin agwagwa na gaskiya, tsotse-tsotse yana da karfi, kafafu masu tsoka da kafafun kafafu.
An zana su a cikin kalar ruwan lemu mai wayo. Abin takaici hoto na bushewar hanci ba zai iya isar da girman kan da ƙugiyar ke tafiya a ƙasa don neman abinci ba. Koyaya, mahimmin tafiya tare da ɗan kirji na gaba gaba ɗaya yana cikin dukkanin Anseriformes.
Ana samun busassun beet din ne a Kudancin Siberia, Kazakhstan, Mongolia, Arewa maso gabashin China, Koriya, Japan, Laos, Thailand da Uzbekistan. A cikin Rasha, sun yi gida-gida a Transbaikalia da yankin Amur, a kan Sakhalin, kuma suna tashi zuwa China da Japan don yin hunturu, inda yanayin yanayin ya fi sauƙi.
Sanya busassun-hanci tsuntsaye, kamar yawancin tsuntsayen ruwa, a kusa da ruwan ruwa, inda ciyayi suka fi kauri. Suna kiwo a filayen ciyawar bakin teku, a cikin ɗan ƙarami, sau da yawa akan ruwa. Wuraren dutsen, steppes da taiga sun dace da mazauninsu, babban abu shine akwai kogi ko tabki a kusa. Sukhonos ƙwararrun masu iyo ne da yawa. Ganin hatsari, sai suka nitse gaba ɗaya cikin ruwa suna iyo zuwa mafaka mai kariya.
Hali da salon rayuwa
Wani fasali mai ban mamaki na Sukhonos shine bashi da tsoron mutane. Wannan tsuntsun yana da matukar son bincike kuma yana iya tashi kusa ya zagaya wani abu da yake sha'awa, mutum ne ko kuma babban dabbar daji. Son sani da rikon amana sun yi wasa mai ban dariya tare da masu bushe-busassun - sun kasance an hallaka su fiye da sauran masu ba da amsa, tunda ba wuya a farautar su.
A cikin hoton, kuzarin namiji ne
Sukhonos ƙwararrun masu iyo ne da yawa. A lokacin narkar da dabbobin, dabbobin samari sun rasa ikon tashi, saboda haka suna kusantowa da wani tafki ko kan ruwa. Ganin haɗari, kusan an nitsar dasu cikin ruwa, suna barin wani ɓangare na kai a saman, kuma suna iyo don haka zuwa mafaka mai aminci. Zai yiwu don wannan fasalin tsotsan tsotse kuma ya sami sunan Rasha. Harshen Ingilishi ya fi dacewa - swan goose.
Ban da lokacin kiwo, busassun ƙwaro suna rayuwa cikin ƙananan ƙungiyoyi, aƙalla mutane 25-40. Don ƙaura ta kaka, tsuntsaye suna taruwa cikin garken tumaki da yawa. Tattara don hunturu a yankuna masu dumi, tsuntsaye suna ta da hayaniya da damuwa, suna fitar da wata ƙara mai ƙarfi. Garken yakan tashi sau da yawa, yayi wasu da'ira kuma ya sake zama. A cikin jirgin, geese ya zama tsintsiya.
Tare da irin wannan tsari, yana da wahalar gaske ga shugaba, sauran tsuntsayen suna tashi akan raƙuman ruwa daga raƙuman ruwa a gaban waɗanda suke tashi. Lokacin da karfin shugaban yake karewa, sai ya sake gini a karshen garken, wani tsuntsu kuma zai maye gurbinsa. Ya zamana cewa tsuntsaye basa jere a wani kwatsam kwatsam, irin wannan yanayi na motsi yana basu damar rufe nesa ninki biyu kamar tsuntsu daya tilo.
Abinci
Abincin abinci na busassun hanci ya hada da hatsi, algae, ciyawa (galibi sedges), berries, da tsutsotsi, beetles, da caterpillars. Don ingantaccen abinci mai gina jiki, geese na buƙatar samun damar buɗewa zuwa yankunan bakin teku, waɗanda ke cike da ƙananan ciyawa, inda suke kiwo kamar dabbobi.
Ana iya sauƙaƙa nono da shayarwa a cikin fursuna, a cikin gidan zoo da kuma gandun namun daji. Su ne suka zama magabatan ƙasar China. Baya ga abin da ke sama, busassun kifin da ke zaune kusa da mutum ana saka shi cikin babban abincin tare da abinci mai hadewa, latas, kabeji, alfalfa.
Sake haifuwa da tsawon rai
Sukhonos sun zaɓi wa kansu abokin aure a lokacin tashi daga hunturu ko kuma nan da nan bayan sun isa. Gida an gina ta a gadaje masu tsayi a cikin ruwa kusa da ruwa. A kan waɗannan dalilai, mace ke haƙƙa ƙaramin ɓacin rai a cikin ƙasa. Don gini, ana amfani da ciyawa mai bushewa, mai tushe na tsire-tsire masu ruwa, fuka-fukai da ƙasa.
Mace tana yin ƙwai a farkon watan Mayu, a cikin kama yawanci akwai ƙwai fari 5-8 da matsakaicin nauyinsu ya kai kimanin g 14. A yayin lokacin shiryawar, wanda ya ɗauki kwanaki 28-30, uwar kuzari ba ta barin gida, yayin da namijin ke zama kusa da gida duk lokacin. An sami lokuta inda namiji maciji idan akwai haɗari, sai ya kwaikwayi rashin yuwuwar tashi, ta haka ya kawar da abokan gaba daga gidan da yake shimfidawa.
A cikin hoto, tsehon tsegumi
Sabon ƙarni zai ƙyanƙyashe cikin kusan wata ɗaya. Sau da yawa, yara da yawa suna taruwa a cikin ƙaramin garken tumaki, wani nau'in makarantun yara, tare da tsuntsaye da yawa. Busassun hancin sun kai balagar jima’i cikin shekaru 2-3. Tsammani na rayuwa a cikin daji shine shekaru 10-15, har zuwa 25 suna rayuwa a gidan zoo.
Sukhonos mai gadi
Wurare, a ina sukhonos ke zama, duk shekara akwai masu karancin abubuwa. Yankunan da suka dace da gidajen su an huce don filaye, suna hana tsuntsayen mafi tsada - gida. Mafarauta wani muhimmin abu ne a cikin raguwar yawan waɗannan geese daji.
An dauki Sukhonos a matsayin tsuntsu wanda ba safai ake saminsa ba kuma an lasafta shi a matsayin jinsin masu rauni a cikin Littafin Ba da Lamuni na Duniya. Dangane da sabbin bayanai, adadin sukhonos geese bai wuce mutane dubu 10 ba. Babu fiye da gida biyu na gida biyu a ƙasarmu sukhonosov, a cikin Littafin Ja A cikin Rasha, an lasafta wannan nau'in azaman cikin haɗari.
Domin kariya ta bushe Komawa cikin 1977, an ƙirƙiri ajiyar yanayi a tafkin Udyl a cikin yankin Khabarovsk. Wani muhimmin bangare na wuraren shukar Sukhonos a Rasha, Mongolia da China suna da kariya ta Dauria International Nature Reserve.
