A yau, saboda tsananin tashin hankali game da halittar duniyarmu, da kuma gaskiyar cewa yanayi yana shan wahala sosai daga sakamakon ayyukan ɗan adam, yana watsar da shi da wasu ɓarnar da mutum ya yi, kuma sau da yawa kawai daga halin rashin mutuncinsa game da fure da dabbobi, yawancin jinsunan dabbobi, tun fil azal cikin rayuwa a yankuna daban-daban na Rasha, suna gab da halaka.
Don dakatar da wannan aikin aƙalla kaɗan kuma a koya wa mutane kulawa da namun dajin da ke kusa da su, an ƙirƙiri littafin Red Book na Rasha. Ba ya haɗa da dabbobi kawai ba, wanda yawansu, saboda lalacewar su da mutane, wani lokacin yakan kai ga kawai mutane goma sha biyu, amma har da tsire-tsire, kwari, tsuntsaye, namomin kaza ...
Dabbobi daga littafin Red Book na Rasha
A ƙasa akwai dabbobin da aka jera a cikin Littafin Red Book na Rasha, wanda ya kamata a kula da shi da kulawa ta musamman da kuma tattalin arziki.
Ja ko kerkolfci
Tsawon jiki har zuwa mita 1, nauyi daga 12 zuwa 21 kilogiram, yana kama da fox, a zahiri, ya sha wahala saboda wannan. Bala'i-mafarauta, waɗanda ba su da masaniya musamman game da dabarun ilimin dabbobi, sun sanya wannan nau'in harbin jama'a. Ainihin, kerkeci dutsen ya jawo hankalin mutane da kyakkyawar furfinsa mai haske, ja mai launi mai haske da kuma "haskakawa" - ƙarshen wutsiya, wanda, ba kamar ƙirar ba, yana da launi baƙar fata. Jan kerkeci yana zaune a Gabas mai nisa, China da Mongolia, ya fi son motsawa cikin ƙananan garken - daga mutane 8 zuwa 15.
Zakin teku
Motocin kunne na mita uku na Pacific, mazaunin zama - Kuril da Tsibirin Kwamandan, Kamchatka da Alaska. Tsawon jiki na babban balaraben zakin teku zai iya kai mita uku, kuma nauyinsa tan ɗaya ne!
Amur (Ussuri) damisa
Damisa ta Amur (Ussuri) ƙarancin raƙuman raƙuman ruwa ne waɗanda suka wanzu a yankin ƙasarmu. Sanannen abu ne cewa a tsaunin bakin teku na Sikhote-Alin har yanzu akwai ƙarami mafi yawan waɗannan kuliyoyin daji. Amur damisa na iya zuwa tsayin mita biyu. Wutsiyarsu ma doguwa ce - har zuwa mita daya.
Taimen, ko taimen gama gari
Taimen yana cikin Red Book na Rasha kuma ana kiyaye shi musamman a yankuna da yawa na Tarayyar Rasha. A cewar IUCN, an killace yawan taimen na yau da kullun ko kuma an ragu sosai a cikin koguna 39 daga kogi 57: 'yan kalilan ne ke zaune a yankuna masu nisa ana daukar su masu karko.
Barewa
Musk barewa dabba ce mai ƙafafu wadda a waje take kama da barewa, amma ba kamar ta ba, ba ta da ƙaho. Amma barewar miski tana da wata hanyar kariya - hammata da ke tsirowa a saman muƙamuƙin dabbar, saboda ita wannan dabba da ba ta da lahani ko da yaushe ana ɗaukarsa tamkar vampire tana shan jinin wasu dabbobi.
Dormouse na gandun daji
An tsara dormouse na gandun daji a cikin Littafin Ja na wasu yankuna na Tarayyar Rasha. Waɗannan su ne Kursk, Oryol, Tambov da Lipetsk yankuna. Bangaren kasa da kasa, wannan jinsin yana samun kariya daga Yarjejeniyar Vienna. An kuma jera shi a kan Lissafin IUCN.
Damisa mai nisa
Damisar Gabas mai nisa dabba ce mai hankali, wacce aka jera a cikin Littafin Ja, wanda ba zai taba afkawa mutane ba. Amma mutuminmu yana tunanin haka? A'a! Mafarauta har yanzu, duk da haramtattun abubuwa, suna ci gaba da hallaka waɗannan dabbobin, kuma ba su kaɗai ba. Babban abincin damisa - barewa da barewa - an kuma lalata su da yawa. Bugu da kari, saboda gina sabbin hanyoyi da gidaje, ana lalata dukkanin dazuzzuka, tare da cire dabbobi da dukkan ciyayi.
Farin-fushin dolphin
Dabbar dolfin mai gajeren kai tare da gefen baki da ƙege, tsayin jiki na kusan mita uku. Beananan baki har zuwa 5 cm yana sa su kyakkyawa da sabon abu. A cikin ruwan Rasha, dolphin mai fuskar fari yana rayuwa ne kawai a cikin Tekun Barents da Baltic.
Damisa mai dusar ƙanƙara (Irbis)
Wani maƙerin da aka jera a cikin Red Book of Russia. Wurin da damisar dusar ƙanƙara take ita ce yankunan tsaunuka na Asiya ta Tsakiya. Saboda rayuwa a cikin yanayi mai wahalar shiga da kuncin rayuwa ne yasa har yanzu wannan dabba ta ci gaba da rijistar ta a cikin jerin dabbobin da ke duniyar mu, duk da cewa ba kasafai ake samun su ba.
Tumakin dutse (argali, argali)
Argali shine mafi girman wakilci na rukunin tumakin daji. Latin takamaiman sunan ammon yana bin sunan allahn Amun.
Amur goral
Peananan raƙuman akuya na dutse, suna zaune a cikin Yankin Primorsky, wakilan wannan nau'in sun haɗu a ƙananan ƙungiyoyi - daga mutane 6 zuwa 8. Adadin wannan nau'in a ƙasar Rasha ƙanana ne - kusan mutane 700. Ana samun nau'ikan kama da goran Amur a tsaunin Tibet da Himalayas.
Dappled barewa
A farkon karnin da ya gabata, barewar sika ta kusan bacewa daga fuskar duniya. An kashe shi ne saboda nama mai daɗi, fata ta asali, amma musamman saboda ƙahonin velvety horns (tururuwa), a kan abin da aka yi magunguna masu banmamaki.
Kunkuruwar Gabas ta Tsakiya
A wani muhimmin bangare na kewayonsa, Kunkuru mai Nesa wani nau'in jinsi ne na gama gari, amma a cikin Rasha tsuntsaye ne masu rarrafe - jinsin da ba kasafai ake samun su ba, wadanda yawan su ke raguwa cikin sauri.
Kulan
Peungiyoyin jaki na Asiya ta daji, a halin yanzu kusan ba ya faruwa a yanayi. An rubuta wasu mutane a Asiya ta Tsakiya da Gabas ta Tsakiya. Don dawo da yawan jinsin, daya daga cikin ajiyar yankin Turkmenistan ya tilasta daukar nauyin wadannan dabbobi.
Manul (Pallasov kuli)
A cat cat tare da sosai fluffy kuma dogon gashi - akwai har zuwa 9000 hairs da murabba'in santimita na jiki! Ana samunsa a Tuva, Jamhuriyar Altai da Transbaikalia.
Chessah na Asiya
A baya can, ya rayu a cikin babban yanki tun daga Tekun Larabawa har zuwa kwarin Kogin Syr Darya, yanzu yawan wannan nau'in a yanayin kusan mutum 10 ne, kuma a cikin gidan namun duniya - 23 kawai.
Walrus na Atlantic
Mazaunin shi shine Tekun Barents da Kara. Tsawon jikin walrus na baligi ya kai mita 4, kuma nauyinsa ya kai tan ɗaya da rabi. Zuwa tsakiyar karni na ashirin, kusan an gama wargaza shi, yanzu, saboda kokarin masana kimiyyar muhalli, ana lura da saurin karuwar jama'a, amma babu wanda zai iya fadin ainihin adadin jinsunan, tunda yana da matukar wahala, da wuya a isa ga robobin wadannan dabbobin ba tare da kayan aiki na musamman da masu kankara ba.
Dzeren
Anaramar siririyar siriri da kafa mai haske. Tsayin maza ya kai 85 cm kuma nauyin ya kusan kilogiram 40, ƙahonin baki masu kauri, launin Jawo mai launin rawaya ne. Mata sun kai tsayin 75 cm kuma nauyinsu yakai kilo 30. Waɗannan tuddai, mazaunan ƙauyuka da hamada, ana samun su a baya a kudancin Gorny Altai, amma mutane sun kore su daga can.
Damisar Asiya ta Tsakiya
Damisar Asiya ta Tsakiya, wanda aka fi sani da damisar Caucasian (Panthera pardus ciscaucasica), dabba ce mai cin nama ta gidan Felidae. Wannan ƙananan damisoshin suna rayuwa galibi a yammacin Asiya kuma yana da ban mamaki, amma yana da ƙarancin wakiltar jinsin Panther.
Waɗannan su ne kaɗan daga cikin mazaunan al'ummomin ƙasa waɗanda rayuwarsu ke cikin haɗari.
Bidiyo: Littafin Ja na Rasha
An kare dabbobi a duk duniya
Yawancin wasu nau'o'in dabbobin da ke cikin haɗari suna cikin Lissafi. Koyaya, ana kiyaye kariya ta dabbobi ba kawai a yankin Tarayyar Rasha ba, har ma ta kowace hanya. A ƙasa akwai mutanen da aka kiyaye a wasu ƙasashe.
Zakin Afirka
Zaki ya kasance koyaushe sarkin dabbobi, har ma a zamanin da ana bautar wannan dabbar. Ga tsoffin Masarawa, zaki yana aiki a matsayin mai tsaro, yana kiyaye ƙofar wata duniyar. Ga tsoffin Masarawa, allahn haihuwa na Aker an nuna shi da hancin zaki. A cikin duniyar zamani, yawancin rigunan yaƙi na jihohi suna nuna sarkin dabbobi.
Lemur Laurie
Loriaceae na cikin babban dangi na birrai. Waɗannan mazaunan arboreal dangi ne na dangin galag, kuma tare suka zama wani tsari na inframent na loriformes.
Blue macaw
Macawin shudi (Cyanopsitta spixii) wakili ne mai fuka-fukai na dangin aku, haka nan kuma nau'ikan jinsin halittu masu launin shudi da yawa daga tsari mai kama da aku.
Bengal damisa
Tiger din Bengal (Latin Panthera tigris tigris ko Panthera tigris bengalensis) yanki ne na damisa na cikin umarnin Tsari, dangin Feline da na Panther. Bengal tigers dabba ce ta ƙasa mai tarihin Bengal ko Bangladesh, da China da Indiya kuma suna cikin Red Book.
Kunkuru na Fata ko Ganima
Mutane ƙalilan ne suka san cewa kunkuru mai fatarar fata (ganima) tana faɗuwa a kan duk takaddun aikin Sashen Ruwa na Jamhuriyar Fiji. Ga mazaunan tsibirin, Kunkuru na wakiltar sauri da ƙwarewar kewayawa.
Brown kai
Brown ko bear na kowa, dabba ce mai cin nama daga dangin beyar. Yana da ɗayan mafi girma da haɗari nau'in tushen mai farauta.
Matakan jirgin ruwa
Jigon steppe (Сirсus macrourus) wani nau'in haɗari ne mai haɗari, tsuntsayen ƙaura masu farauta mallakar dangin Hawk da tsari mai kama da Hawk.
Green kunkuru
Urtan kunkuru mafi girma a teku suna da kyau ƙwarai a cikin yanayin muhallinsu, lokacin da suke kiwo a cikin ruwan bakin ruwa a cikin algae mai yawa ko yankewa ta saman ruwa tare da ƙafafun gaba masu ƙarfi waɗanda ke da finciyoyi.
Tsuntsaye curlew
Curlews (Numenius) wakilai ne masu haske da ban sha'awa na tsuntsayen dangin Snipe da umarnin Charadriiformes.
Jeyran dabbar daji
Karamin dabba mai karamci tare da kamanninsa da launinsa kusan yayi daidai da dukkan ra'ayoyin mazaunan game da barewar.
Fitowa kura
Hanya da aka hango wata dabba ce mai cin nama daga dangin hyena. Wannan shine mafi yawan nau'ikan Crocuta. Hakanan ana san su da ƙa'idojin dariya na girman Afirka.
Tsuntsun Puffin
Atlantic Puffin an jera shi a cikin IUCN Red List kuma an san shi azaman nau'in haɗari. Har zuwa 2015, tana da matsayin riskananan haɗari - ba mai haɗari ba.
Marmosets na zaki
Ofungiyar ƙananan birai - marmosets na zaki - suna da wuri na musamman tsakanin birrai. Gashinsu yana walƙiya kamar an yayyafa shi da ƙurar zinare. Abun takaici, irin wannan biri yana kan daya daga cikin manyan wurare a cikin jerin nau'in dabbobin da ke cikin hatsari.
Kunkuruwar zaitun
Kunkurun zaitun, wanda aka fi sani da ridley zaitun, matsakaici ne na kunkuru a cikin teku, wanda yanzu haka yake karkashin kariya saboda barazanar bacewa saboda halakar mutane da tasirin barazanar ta halitta.
Kerkeken maned
Kudancin Amurka gida ne ga wata dabba ta musamman da ake kira kerkecin maned (guara). Yana da siffofin kerkutu da dabba kuma na dabbobi ne masu ban sha'awa. Guara tana da wani yanayi mai ban mamaki: mai kyau, mara kyau ga kerkolfci, jiki, doguwar ƙafa, ƙamshi mai kaifi da manyan kunnuwa.
Goblin shark ko goblin shark
Rashin isasshen ilimi da rashin iya tantance adadin mutanen goblin da ke wanzuwa a yau ya ba masana kimiyya damar yanke shawarar shigar da shi cikin Littafin Red International a matsayin nau'in jinsin da ba shi da kyau.
Bera mai haske
Gwanin da aka hango (Tremarctos ornatus), wanda aka fi sani da suna Andean, ɗan dabba ne mai saurin haɗuwa a halin yanzu, na dangin beyar da na Bege.
