Echinococcus na cikin nau'in halittar jinsi, dangin teniid. Wannan dangin sun hada da kungiyoyi 9 na tsutsotsi masu cutar parasitic. Tsutsa wanda ya shiga jikin mai gida yana haifar da ci gaban cutar echinococcosis.
Yana girma a hankali, don haka cutar ta bayyana bayan kwana 50. Wasu masana kimiyya suna magana game da echinococcus, yana nufin mafitsara da aka kafa daga helminths.
Fasali, tsari da mazaunin echinococcus
Yankin rarraba mutane masu daidaituwa ba shi da iyaka. Ana iya samun wakilan tsutsotsi a nahiyar Amurka, Afirka, Kudancin Turai, China, da Gabas ta Tsakiya.
Cutar ta shafi gonakin dabbobi da yawa a Bulgaria, Girka, Spain, Cyprus, Brazil, Argentina, Australia, India. Game da Rasha, ana iya gano yankunan da suka fi kamuwa da cutar: Tatarstan, Bashkortostan, Khabarovsk Territory, Altai Republic.
Wani mutum ya kamu da cutar ta hanyar tuntuɓar dabba mara lafiya, ko cin naman kaza, 'ya'yan itace,' ya'yan itacen da suka rigaya sun kamu. Babu wata tsattsauran ra'ayi game da farkon cutar.
Yara galibi suna bugun karnuka da suka ɓata, don haka haɗarin kamuwa da cutar hawan echinococcosis yana ƙaruwa. Hanta da huhu sune wuraren da tsutsa mafi yawa suke "kwana". An yi shari'ar lokacin da aka gano echinococcus a cikin jakar zuciya. Tsarin da bayanin biohelminth ana tantance su ta matakan ci gaban su.
Kunnawa hoto mutum echinococcus a karkashin madubin hangen nesa
Caramar cystode tana wakiltar sassan 3-4 waɗanda aka haɗa da juna. Tsutsa yana da tsayi 2.5-5 mm, faɗi daga 0.7 zuwa 1 mm. Samfurin samfurin yana “sanye take” tare da ƙugiyoyi 40 da kofuna masu tsotsa 4. Bangarori biyu na farko basu da karfin haifuwa, na uku hermaphroditic, na hudun kuma ya balaga. Mahaifa ne cike da ƙwai.
Yanayi da salon rayuwa na echinococcus
Echinococcus shine tsutsa mai laushi. Zai iya daidaitawa a kusan kowane ɓangaren mahaɗa. Hanta, kodoji, saifa, gabobin ciki, kodan - waɗannan ba duka misalan wuraren da tsutsa take ba.
Echinococcus yana neman kafa ƙauyuka:
- gida-mafitsara na nufin nau'ikan ɗaki ɗaya na rayuwa;
- tara cysts guda ɗaya;
- hade version of rayuwa.
Idan tsutsa na rayuwa a matakin larva na mai gida, rayuwarta na iya zama tsawon lokacin na mai gidan. Siffar tebur na ƙwayar cuta yana rayuwa har zuwa watanni 3, sa'annan ya balaga ta hanyar jima'i Echinococcosis yana da halin ci gaba.
- Naman jikin dan adam sun riga sun kamu, amma babu wani gunaguni game da yanayin kiwon lafiya tukuna.
- Alamomin farko na mamayewa sun bayyana: rauni, tashin zuciya, rashin jin daɗi, ciwo mai tsari tsakanin haƙarƙarin.
- Abubuwan da ke jin zafi suna cikin gida a cikin wani sashin jiki. Cutar sau da yawa yakan zama mummunan cutar neoplasm.
- Ciwon daji na ƙwayar cuta wanda ba ya amsawa ga farfadowa.
Kwayar cututtuka cututtuka echinococcosis suna da takamaiman bayyanannuwa kuma sun dogara da wurin, yawan mafitsara, tsawon lokacin cutar. Echinococcosis na hanta yana bayyana ta hanyar haɓakar tsari, yayin da alamun cutar ba su da ƙarfi.
Echinococcosis yana da haɗari ga sakamakonsa:
- pneumothorax;
- tara ruwa a cikin peritoneum;
- Cutar botin;
- hadawa da gabobi;
- mediastinum, idan akwai echinococcosis na huhu;
- peritonitis;
- ci gaban hanyoyin tafiyar da cuta a cikin rami.
Echinococcus m sarrafawa a cikin hanta, huhu da ramin ciki. Wani lokaci yakan kai hari ga tsokoki, ƙasusuwa, gabobin tsarin haihuwa, mafitsara, ciki. Fitsarin echinococcal zai iya lalacewa ya fashe.
Seeding yana faruwa a cikin ramin gabobin ciki. Echinococcus yana da halin haɓaka cikin kyallen takarda. Echinococcus na hanta yana neman shiga cikin huhu, kodan, metastasize zuwa diaphragm. Keta mutuncin mafitsara na da haɗari sosai, saboda yana haifar da damuwa na rashin lafiyan da ƙumburi.
Tsarin rayuwa da ci gaban echinococcus ya ƙunshi matakai da yawa:
- kwai;
- yanayi;
- tsutsa;
- babban mutum.
A cikin tsarin rayuwar echinococcus, akwai runduna biyu. Kwayar cutar ba za ta iya rayuwa ba kuma ta sake haifuwa da kan ta. Hostaya runduna tana matsakaici, ɗayan kuma ƙarshe.
A cikin jikin echinococcus na farko yana zaune a cikin lokaci na ƙwai da tsutsa, a jikin na biyun - a matsayin babba. Yana kuma hayayyafa a can. Biohelminth ta zaɓi mutane da dabbobi a matsayin mai mallakar matsakaici. Ga kwayar cutar, sasantawa a jikin mutum shine karshen. Babban mai echinococcus shine kare.
Abincin Echinococcus
Tsutsotsi ba su da tsarin narkewar abinci. Suna tsotse abinci a saman jiki. A cikin wallafe-wallafen kimiyya babu wani ingantaccen bayani game da wane nau'in abincin biohelminth yake. Mafi mahimmanci, yana da komai. A jikin mutum, echinococcus yana tsotse cikin narkewar abinci. Bugu da kari, yana da hakoran hakora wanda da shi yake lalata jijiyoyin jiki.
Sake haifuwa da tsawon rai
Wani babban tsutsa na echinococcus yana rayuwa a cikin karamar hanjin kare, kerke, kerkeci. Balagaggun cututtukan jima'i suna barin ƙwai a cikin hanjin mai gida. Wannan aikin yana faruwa ta hanyar raba kashi daga zuriyar.
Sassan na iya motsawa, motsawa cikin ciyawa da ƙasa. Rushewar mafitsara yana ba da gudummawa ga gaskiyar cewa ƙwayoyin echinococcus an rarraba su a babban yanki. Girman kwai micrometers 35 ne, wanda ba zai yiwu a iya tantancewa nan take ko kamuwa da cuta ba. Echinococcus tsutsa kafa a cikin kwanaki 90.
Finna na iya hayayyafa yadda ya kamata. A cikin manyan Finnik guda daya, an kirkira kanana da yawa, wanda a cikinsu ake kafa kawuna. Finna tana ƙaruwa tsawon shekaru.
Akwai shari'ar lokacin da tsutsa a matakin Finnish mai nauyin kilo 50 ya rayu a cikin hantar saniya. Amfani da amfrayo a hankali. Finn bayan watanni biyar zai iya kaiwa 10mm. Yana daina girma bayan shekaru 25-30.
Ikon haifuwa a al'adance shine fasalin Echinococcus Finns. Bom ɗin da ake ajiye ƙwai yana da yawa sosai, ana iya cika shi da ruwa. A ciki, sabon ƙarni yana tasowa, an ƙirƙira shi daga kawunan tsutsotsi na echinococcus na gaba.
Adadin ya nuna echinococcus yayin aiwatarwa
Don mutum echinococcus ya matsa zuwa matakin ƙarshe na ci gaba, dole ne ya shiga jikin mai farauta ko kare. Dole ne shugabannin Echinococcal su kasance da rai. Masu mallakarsu suna ciyar da dabbobin su na sabo nama da kayayyakin dabbobi masu kamuwa da cutar suna fuskantar haɗarin kamuwa da shi da ƙwayoyin cuta na tsutsa.
Hakan na faruwa ne lokacin da cutar ta auku bayan kare ya cinye ragowar gawar mataccen ciyawar ko dabbobin. Tsutsa na echinococcus ya zama cikakke bayan watanni 3.
Mutum don echinococcus gabatar da zaɓi mai gida... Dangane da mafitsara, echinococcosis na iya ci gaba ba tare da bayyanar cututtuka masu tsanani na dogon lokaci ba.
Wani lokaci, ziyarar likita yakan faru ne bayan wasu shekaru bayan kamuwa da cutar. Naman jikin kwayar cutar ta lalace da sauri kuma tana latsawa akan gabobin da ke kusa. Idan an zubda abinda ke cikin mafitsara cikin kogon jiki, wannan yana nufin dayawa echinococcus kamuwa da cuta.
Kowane yanki na nama ko kumfa na kumfa na iya girma zuwa kyallen takarda da gabobi da ƙirƙirar sabbin kumfa. Tare da echinococcus na huhu, mutum na iya mutuwa idan mafitsara ta lalace ko ta lalace. Hanyar da ta fi tasiri da amfani sosai maganin echinococcosis - aiki.
A Rasha, an bayyana yaduwar cututtukan echinococcosis ta yawan shanu a gonaki, da kuma karnukan kiwo da ke kiwon dabbobin gida. A matsayinka na ƙa'ida, waɗannan manyan gonaki ne a yankuna na arewa inda aka bunkasa harkar kiwo.
