Bayani da salon rayuwa
Taimen kifin farauta dangin kifi. Yana zaune a cikin manyan tabkuna da koguna na Gabas ta Tsakiya, Siberia, Altai, Arewacin Kazakhstan. Kasa da kifin kifi da nauyi. An rufe jiki madaidaiciya da ƙananan ma'auni.
Kifin kuntatacce ne, tare da daddafe kansa, bakinsa mai karfi da manyan hakora. Launin azurfa mai haske. Baya baya duhu ne, tare da ɗanɗano kore, ciki haske ne, fari datti. A kan elongated body akwai da yawa duhu specks, ƙari, a gaban shi fiye da a baya.
Hakanan akwai tabo a kan kai, inda suka fi girma. Caudal da firam na baya suna ja, sauran launin toka ne; thoracic da ciki dan wuta kadan. Nauyi taimen ya bambanta da shekaru. An shekaru bakwai masu nauyin 3-4 kg suna girma har zuwa 70 cm.
A lokacin kiwo, yakan canza launi, ya zama launin jan-jan ƙarfe mai haske. Tsammani na rayuwa yawanci shekaru 15-17 ne. Yana girma duk rayuwa. Ya kai tsawon har zuwa 200 cm da nauyin 90 kg. Daya daga cikin manyan taimen an kama shi a cikin Kogin Yenisei.
Wurin zama
Mutanen da ke zaune a Siberia tun da daɗewa suna ɗaukar beyar a matsayin maigidan taiga, da kuma taimen a matsayin uban kogin taiga da tabkuna. Wannan kifin mai kima yana son tsaftataccen ruwa mai kyau da kuma yankuna daji, musamman ma rafuka masu gudana tare da manyan guguwa masu hanzari, tafkuna da ramuka.
Waɗannan gandun daji ne masu wuyar wucewa na Kogin Yenisei, inda akwai kyakkyawar yanayin taiga. A cikin yankin Krasnoyarsk, taimen ya kai girman girma. Taimen yana zaune: Yankin Kemerovo, Tomsk - kogunan Kiya da Tom, Jamhuriyar Tuva, yankin Irkutsk - kwararan kogi: Lena, Angara, Oka. A cikin Yankin Altai - a cikin raƙuman ruwa na Ob.
Siberian taimen (gama gari) - wakili mafi girma na dangin kifin. Daya daga cikin jinsunan ruwa mai kyau. Mallakar babban yanki na Turai da Arewacin Asiya. Mafi girman mahaukaci.
Ana samo shi a cikin kogunan Siberia, yankin Amur. A lokacin bazara, lokacin da matakin ruwa ya tashi, kifin zai fara matsawa kan na yanzu zuwa filayen da ake haihuwa. Taimen ya zaɓi ƙasa mai ƙwanƙwasa-ƙasa, daga gangaren gudu, inda ruwan karkashin kasa ke fitowa.
Taimen ɗan iyo ne mai ƙarfi da ƙarfin hali, tare da jiki mai ƙarfi da baya mai faɗi. A lokacin rani yana rayuwa a cikin rami mai zurfi a ƙarƙashin hanzari, a shimfidawa tare da ƙasan mara daidai, a cikin amintattun wurare. Zai iya kasancewa cikin rukuni na mutane da yawa a tsakiyar kogin.
Ya san sashin kogin da kyau. Haske mai haskakawa. Da safe yakan huta bayan farauta. A cikin yanayi mai tsananin ruwa, farauta ba dare ba rana. Kifi mai ƙarfi da sauri, na iya tsallake tsalle bisa sauri da sauran matsaloli.
Don adana wannan kyakkyawan kifin a matsayin jinsin, ana gabatar da matakan ƙuntatawa. Duka kamun kifin da za'ayi bisa ga ƙa'idar - "kama - saki". Bugu da kari, wannan kyakkyawar dama ce ta lura da ci gabanta da bunkasar yanayin ta.
Halin kifi da halaye
Yana zaune a ƙasan kogin, a cikin mawuyacin halin taimako na karkashin ruwa. A wayewar gari da faduwar rana tana farauta kusa da farfajiyar. A lokacin sanyi, a ƙarƙashin kankara. Wakilan matasa suna shiga cikin rukuni. Babban kifin ya fi son yin iyo a keɓaɓɓe, lokaci-lokaci yana haɗuwa. Ayyukan Salmon yana ƙaruwa tare da rage zafin jiki.
Idan ruwan yayi dumi, kifin ya rasa motsi, an hana shi. Babban aiki yana faruwa a watan Satumba, lokacin da taimen ke ƙara nauyi. Ba sa jin tsoron shoals da ɓarke, suna iya tsallake kan wata ƙaramar rijiya ko toshewa.
Za su iya kewaya ruwa mara ƙanƙanci lokacin da bayinsu ke bayyane sama da ruwan. Yana son ruwan sama, iska mai iska. An yi imanin cewa yana saurin iyo cikin hazo, kuma tsananin tsananin hazo, da sauri motsi yake. Masunta suna da'awar cewa taimen na iya yin sautunan da za a iya ji daga ƙarƙashin ruwa.
Abinci
A ƙarshen watan rani na biyu, toya sun yi girma zuwa 40 mm, abinci na farko don soya shi ne tsutsa daga danginsu. A farkon shekaru 3-4, kifin taimen yana cin kwari da yara na sauran kifin, sannan, akasari, akan kifi. Manya - kifi: perch, gudgeons da sauran dabbobin ruwa. Yana kuma sha'awar tsuntsayen ruwa da sauran dabbobi masu shayarwa (ducklings, shrews, vole mice).
Animalsananan dabbobin ƙasar na iya zama abin farautarsu idan suna kusa da ruwa. Zai fito daga ruwa ya sami ɗan dabbar a doron ƙasa. Yana son kwadi, beraye, squirrels, agwagwa har ma da geese, amma galibi duka - yara masu ƙuruciya. Taimen yana ciyarwa a duk shekara, ban da lokacin ɓatancin, wanda ya fi ƙarfin gaske bayan da aka fara wasan. Girma cikin sauri. Da shekara goma ya kai tsawon ɗari ɗari a tsayi, kilogram 10 a nauyi.
Sake haifuwa
A cikin Altai ya ɓullo a cikin watan Afrilu, a cikin Urals na Arewa a cikin Mayu. Taimen caviar amber-ja, girman fis (5 mm ko fiye). An yi imanin cewa caviar ta haihu fiye da sau ɗaya a shekara, amma sau da yawa ƙasa. Bayan sun fantsama, sai suka koma gida tsohuwar mazaunin su.
Yawan adadin ƙwai na mutum ɗaya dubu 10-30 ne. Mace tana yin ƙwai a cikin rami a ƙasan kogin, wanda ita da kanta take yi. Maza a cikin kiwo na kiwo suna da kyau, jikinsu, musamman a ƙasan jela, ya zama orange-ja. Kyawawan halaye da ba za'a iya mantawa da su ba - wasannin mating na kifin taimen!
Fishi don taimen
Wannan nau'in ba na kasuwanci bane. Mouse na iya zama abin haɗe-haɗe (duhu da dare, haske da rana). Don karamin taimen, yana da kyau ayi amfani da tsutsa. A cewar masunta, yana amsawa ga abin farauta ta hanyoyi daban-daban: yana iya dokewa da jelarsa ko haɗiye ya tafi zurfin. Zai iya katsewa ko fasa layin a lokacin kamun kifi daga ruwa. Don kar a lalata kifin, kuna buƙatar hanzarta ja zuwa bakin teku, kuna jan baya tare da ƙugiya.
Don juyawa ko wasu kamun kifi, ana buƙatar izini na musamman daga ƙananan hukumomi, tunda doka ta kiyaye kifin taimen. Iri na taimen: Sakhalin (a cikin Tekun Japan, ruwan gishiri ne da ruwan gishiri ne kaɗai ya dace da shi), Danube, Siberian - ruwan daɗi.
Taimen ado ne na yanayin Siberia. Saboda rikicewar mazaunin, raguwar lambobi, farashin taimen yayi yawa. Haɗin da aka samu a cikin saman Ob na mutane 230 ne kawai. A 1998, an sanya taimen a cikin Littafin Ja na Yankin Altai. Yau kama taimen an hana! A zamaninmu, ana ci gaba da wani shiri na maido da kare yawan jinsunan.
