Fasali da mazauninsu
Bayanin sha'awar tsuntsaye da yawa kamar kwatancen wasu fallan, babban bambanci kawai shine girma. Koyaya, duk da ƙaramin girman - sha'awa - gwarzo mafarauci, kamar manyan danginsa.
Matsakaicin tsayin jiki na babban mutum shine cm 36, yayin da tsayin ƙananan fuka-fuki ya kai 80-84 cm. Matsayin tsuntsaye ya fara daga gram 150 zuwa 350. Bambanta mace da namiji yana da wahalar gaske, tunda sun yi kama da juna, amma, yawanci mace ta fi girma. Nau'in jinsin daban ya fi girma - nishadi eleanor.
Baya ga bambance-bambance a cikin girma, wannan tsuntsu ya shahara ne saboda kyawawan halaye da kasancewar baƙin duwatsu a cikin wasu mutane ba tare da haɗuwa da sauran launuka da inuwa ba. Launi na abubuwan sha'awa na yau da kullun ana iya ɗauka mai haske da banbanci, duk da kasancewar launuka baƙar fata, launin ruwan kasa, launin toka da fari kawai a ciki. Haɗuwarsu tana da ban sha'awa da banbanci.
A cikin hoto, tsuntsu shine sha'awar eleanor
Don haka, jiki na sama da fikafikansa launin toka ne, ƙananan jikin da fikafikan suna da haske tare da hargitsi wanda ke haɗe da fuka-fukan duhu. "Fuskar" ƙaramar-fallon baki ce, banda fararen kunci da wuya. Kari akan haka, a karkashin baki akwai "wam" baki, wanda ke sanya bayyanar karamin tsuntsu mai matukar ban tsoro da kuma tsauri. "Wando" da undertail ruwan kasa ne.
Theafafun kafa kawai ke tsayawa daga kewayon gaba ɗaya tare da shuɗi mai launin shuɗi ko kore. Falcon sha'awa yakan tashi da sauri wani lokaci kuma. Koyaya, idan ya kama yanayin iska, zai iya yin sama sama dashi na dogon lokaci ba tare da yin motsi da fikafikan sa ba.
Mai sha'awar sha'awa kusan a duk nahiyoyi, inda yanayin yanayin ya dace. Don haka, ana samun sa a cikin Rasha, Finland, Vietnam, Himalayas, Birtaniyya, Jafan da Kuril Islands, Sakhalin, Maroko da Tunisia.
Gandun daji da gandun daji-gandun daji sune mafi yawan wuraren rayuwa. A lokaci guda, nishaɗin ya fi son canjin dazuzzuka masu dazuzzuka tare da wuraren buɗewa, yana son bankunan rafin gandun daji, yalwar daji mai yalwa. Akwai lokuta lokacin da dabbar dawa ta zauna kusa da mazaunin ɗan adam, amma galibi tsuntsuwar tana guje wa kusancin ɗan adam. Za a iya samun kwanciyar hankali a tsaunin 4000 m sama da matakin teku.
Hali da salon rayuwa
Tsuntsu sha'awa yana da matukar nutsuwa da yanayin motsi. Wannan yana nuna kansa cikin rashin haƙuri ga kowane tsuntsaye, shin sun kasance wakilai ne na wannan nau'in ko tsuntsaye daban-daban.
A lokaci guda, tashin hankali na karamin-falcon ba shi da alaƙa da ƙarancin abinci ko wasu dalilai, kawai irin wannan halin mara daɗi ne. Idan wani tsuntsu ya matso, to sha'awa nan take zata fara fada. Idan baƙon tsuntsu ya tashi kusa da gida, to lallai ba alheri bane a gare shi.
Dalili ne saboda tsananin fitina da "gemu" sha'awa a cikin hoto kamar ma ya fi ban tsoro. Koyaya, a cikin zaluncinsu, wakilan jinsin suna zaɓaɓɓe. Tsuntsayen da ke da ƙanana girma, waɗanda aka kama a gaban ƙaramin-fallon, yana ganin su a matsayin mai yuwuwa, kuma ba a matsayin kishiya ba. Tabbas, ba kowane irin wannan "mai wucewa" mai sha'awar sha'awa ke iya kamawa ba, amma yana ƙoƙari ya kama kowa.
Wannan halayen, wanda yake da haɗari ga sauran tsuntsaye, yana da amfani ƙwarai da gaske ga mutane, tunda idan sha'awar tana zaune kusa da lambuna da shuke-shuke, to yana kawar da gwarare, tauraruwa da sauran masoya cin iri da fruitsa fruitsan shuke-shuke.
Chaglok yana farauta cikin kaɗaici. Yawancin lokaci, ana kiyaye karamin yanki na tsaka tsaki tsakanin yankunan wakilan makwabta na jinsi. Al'ada mai ban sha'awa ita ce amfani da jiragen kasa da tsuntsaye a matsayin mataimakan farauta. Don haka, mai sha'awar sha'awa na iya haɓaka saurin isa har ya wuce jirgin ƙasa.
Sabili da haka, bin tafarkinsa, abubuwan sha'awa suna farautar tsuntsaye, waɗanda aka tarwatsa su ta hanyar wucewar ababen hawa daga keɓantaccen daji kusa da bishiyoyi masu girma. Masana kimiyya sun gano cewa mambobin jinsin suna da kaifin gani sosai don ganin kwaro mai matsakaicin tsayi a nesa har zuwa mita 200.
Abinci
Hobbyist wani maharbi ne mara tsoro wanda yake ciyar da yawancin ƙwayoyin kwari da ƙananan tsuntsaye. Ana farautar farauta da yamma, don haka wani lokacin jemagu suna yin abin farauta. Kamawa koyaushe yana faruwa a cikin jirgin sama, mai sha'awar sha'awa yana da saurin farauta don kama kusan duk wani farauta da yake sha'awarsa.
Bugu da kari, a yayin karancin abin tashi sama, mai sha'awar sha'awa na iya ciyarwa a kan kananan beraye, amma ya fi wuya tsuntsu ya kama abin da yake gudu fiye da wanda yake tashi. Idan tsuntsayen dabba sun sami damar kama wani babban abinci a gareta, misali haɗiye ko wagtail, sai ta cinye shi a reshen bishiyar mafi kusa, amma idan abin farautar ƙaramin ne, sai ta haɗiye shi a ƙuda.
Sake haifuwa da tsawon rai
Lokacin saduwa don wakilan jinsin yana farawa a cikin bazara - ƙarshen Afrilu - farkon Mayu. Maza da mata suna zagawa bibbiyu a cikin iska, suna rubuta aerobatics mai jan hankali. Bugu da kari, wadannan jaruman mafarautan yayin wasannin mating suna da ikon nuna ayyukan tabawa - tsuntsaye suna ciyar da junan su dama akan tashi don nuna juyayi.
Hobbyist baya bata lokaci wajen gina nasa gida, amma kawai yana samun fanko ne (ko yana korar masu shi) kamar yadda ya kamata a rawanin bishiyoyi. Zaɓin gidajan ana aiwatar da shi ne sosai, tunda dole ne a samu ruwa a kusa (rafi ko kogi), dazuzzuka masu kaurin itace (inda gida yake), filaye ko makiyaya - don farauta kyauta.
Ma'auratan suna kiyaye yankinta daga kowace irin tsuntsaye. Daga tswon gida (mita 10-30), a matsayin mai doka, suna iya ganin duk wuraren da ke kusa. Dogaro da yanayin, kwanciya tana faruwa a ƙarshen Mayu - farkon Yuli, ƙananan ƙarancin iska, daga baya ya faru. Adadin kwai ya bambanta daga 3 zuwa 6.
Hoton gida gida ne na sha'awa tare da kajin
Cikin wata daya, mace zata dumama kwai ba tare da barin gida ba. A wannan lokacin, namiji yana farauta da himma biyu, tunda yana buƙatar ciyar da ba kawai kansa ba, har ma da mace. An haifi samari daban da iyayensu.
Jikin kajin ana kiyaye shi kawai ta hanyar farin farin farin fluff, don haka dan lokaci suna buƙatar kasancewar kasancewar uwa mai ɗumi a kusa. Koyaya, tare da farautar miji, jarirai da sauri suna yin nauyi, suna yin narkar da jiki kuma suna tashi da kansu cikin wata ɗaya. Tabbas, da farko, kajin ba su da hanzari da saurin saurin kama farauta, don haka iyayensu na taimaka musu da ciyar da su.
Duk lokacin bazara dangi suna zama tare kuma a farkon kaka ne kajin ke shirye don fara rayuwar sa ta manya. Sannan suna barin gidan iyayen, da kansu zasu tafi ƙasashe masu dumi. Matsakaicin tsawon lokacin nishaɗin shine shekaru 25, amma galibi tsuntsun yana rayuwa kusan 20.
