Fasali da mazaunin tamarin
Tamarin mazaunin gandun daji ne daga tsari na birrai. Kowa ya sani cewa dabbobi masu kafafu hudu, wadanda ake kira birrai, suna daga cikin manyan halittu, kuma ana daukar masana kimiyya a matsayin halittun da suka fi kusanci da mutane a tsarinsu da ilimin halittar jikinsu.
Akwai nau'ikan nau'ikan waɗannan dabbobin a yanayi. Ofayansu birai ne masu hanci da yawa na dangin tamarins na marmosets. Tsawon jikin waɗannan ƙananan dabbobi bai wuce cm 18-31 ba. Amma duk da ƙananan girmansu, suna da ban sha'awa, amma siriri, wutsiya, ta kai girman 21 zuwa 44 cm, wanda yayi daidai da tsayin jikinsu.
Akwai nau'ikan tamarin sama da goma da masanan kimiyyar suka sani, kuma kowannensu ana rarrabe shi da alamun waje na mutum. Da farko dai, wannan yana nufin launi na lokacin farin ciki da laushi mai laushi, wanda na iya zama ya zama mai launin rawaya-launin ruwan kasa, baƙi ko fari.
Bugu da ƙari, dabbobin monochromatic suna da wuya, an zana su a gaba da baya cikin launuka daban-daban. Bugu da kari, akwai wasu fasali na tamarins, ta wacce jinsin irin wadannan birai za a iya bambanta su da wani.
Misali, fuskokin wadannan dabbobin na iya zama ba su da gashi gaba daya ko kuma sun cika girma da gashi wanda ke rufe rawanin, haikalin, kumatun da fuskar duka. Akwai iri iri tare da gemu da gashin baki, tare da ci gaba kala-kala a cikin yankin bakin.
A cikin hoton, tamarin na sarki da yaransa
Babban fa'idodi da siffofin keɓaɓɓu na tamarins na masarauta sune dogayen fararen su, kyawawan kyawun su, gashin bakin su. Waɗannan ƙananan dabbobi ne masu nauyin 300 g kawai. Tamarins na mallaka zaune a Bolivia, Peru da Brazil.
Tamarins na yau da kullun ana rarrabe shi da makircin launi mai launin baƙar fata, kuma wannan launi ba wai kawai gashinsu bane, amma har da fuska. Suna zaune ne a Kudancin Amurka da Amurka ta Tsakiya, suna yadawa a dazuzzuka masu zafi daga Panama zuwa Brazil. An sanya sunayen ire-iren wadannan birai saboda kasancewar wani doguwar duwawu mai haske a kai. Ana samun irin waɗannan dabbobi a cikin Kolombiya da gabar tekun Caribbean.
Hoton tamarin ne na sarki
Wasu daga cikin wadannan wakilan jinsin biri ana daukar su ba safai ba kuma dokokin kiyayewa na jihohi da yawa suna kiyaye su. Daya daga cikin dabbobin da ke cikin hatsari shine oedipus tamarin.
Sunansa na kimiyya: "oedipus" (mai kauri-kafa), waɗannan dabbobin da suke zaune a Kudancin Amurka a yankuna na arewa maso yamma, har ila yau kuma wani ɓangare a Colombia, an karɓe su ne don laushi, fari ko launin rawaya wanda ke rufe gabobinsu. Abin da ya sa ƙafafunsu na gani suke da ƙarfi. Kamar yadda kake gani akan hotunan oedipal tamarins, ire-iren wadannan birai suna da kyau sosai, kuma hoton su na asali yana da asali.
A cikin hoton oedipus tamarin
A kan kawunansu suna da wata irin kwalliya a cikin farar dogon gashi, suna girma daga nape kuma suna kai kusan kafadu. Bayan dabbobi launin ruwan kasa ne; kuma wutsiyar lemu ce, zuwa ƙarshenta baƙi ne. Oedipus tamarins tun ƙarnuka da yawa sun kasance abin farauta mai aiki.
Indiyawa sun kashe su don naman daɗi. A yanzu haka, yawan jinsin yana raguwa sakamakon lalata dabbobin dazuzzuka da suke rayuwa a ciki. Bugu da kari, adadi masu yawa na wadannan birai 'yan kasuwar dabbobi ke kamawa suna sayar da su.
Yanayi da salon tamarin
Tamarins sun gwammace su zauna a cikin dazuzzuka masu danshi masu cike da shuke-shuke na wurare masu zafi da inabi, ta inda suke son hawa da fure. Dabbobi suna farkawa da fitowar rana, galibi suna nuna aiki a rana.
Hoton jariri ne Oedipus tamarin
Amma kuma suna kwana da wuri, suma, suna kwana tsakanin rassan da itacen inabi. Doguwar wutsiya ita ce mafi mahimmanci daki-daki don tamarins, saboda yana taimaka wa dabbar ta riƙe rassan, don haka motsa daga ɗayansu zuwa wani. Yawancin lokaci birrai sun fi son kiyaye dangin dangi, yawan membobinsu daga mutane 4 zuwa 20 ne.
Hanyoyin sadarwar su sune: yanayin fuskoki, yanayin rubutu, daga gashi da halayyar sauti mai karfi. Kuma ta wannan hanyar, suna bayyana abubuwan da suke ji, tunani da motsin rai, dabbobin suna sadar da jama'a. Sautunan da waɗannan birai suke yi a wasu lokuta suna kama da tsuntsayen da ke birgima.
Hoton shine tamarin zaki na zinariya
Hakanan suna iya haifar da ihu da bushe-bushe. Lokacin da haɗari ya taso, a cikin daji, zaka iya jin ihun waɗannan dabbobi. Akwai takamaiman matsayi a cikin dangin tamarin. Shugaba a irin wannan rukunin yawanci shine mafi tsufa mace. Kuma rabon mazaje shi ne samar da abinci.
Dabbobi suna yiwa wuraren alama ta hanyar cizon bawon bishiyoyi, da kare yankin da aka mamaye daga mamayar baƙi da baƙi da ba a so. Membobin ƙungiyar tamarin suna kulawa da juna, suna ba da isasshen lokaci a cikin kyakkyawan hanyar goge ulu na danginsu. Kuma su, bi da bi, suna yin hakan dangane da danginsu.
A cikin hoton akwai tamarin mai jan hannu
A cikin ɗakunan zoos, wanda galibi ke ɗauke da yawa nau'ikan tamarin, Kullum ana gina musu shinge na musamman, inda dole ne akwai shukoki na rayuwa mai wuyar rayuwa da wucin gadi, da kuma inabi da wuraren ajiyar ruwa, tunda waɗannan dabbobin 'ya'yan itace ne na gandun daji masu zafi.
Abincin Tamarin
Biri tamarin suna cin abinci na shuke-shuken: fruitsa fruitsan itace, har ma da furanni da tsaransu. Amma ba ya raina kuma yana kula da asalin dabbobi. Waɗannan ƙananan halittu suna cin kajin da ƙwai tsuntsaye, tare da kwari iri-iri da ƙananan amphibians: gizo-gizo, kadangaru, macizai da kwadi. Ire-iren wadannan birai na da komai da komai kuma ba su da tarbiyya.
Amma kasancewa a cikin fursuna, suna da damar rasa sha'awar su saboda shakkar abincin da ba a sani ba. A cikin gidan namun daji da wuraren gandun daji, yawanci ana ciyar da tamarin iri daban-daban na 'ya'yan itatuwa waɗanda suke so kawai, da ƙananan kwari, alal misali, ciyawar fara, fara, kyankyasai, kwarkwata, waɗanda aka keɓance su musamman a cikin iska don birai su kama su kuma su cinye su.
Bugu da kari, abincin tamarins ya hada da naman tafasasshen nama, kaza, tururuwa da qwai na gari, da kuma cuku da gida da resin bishiyun 'ya'yan itace masu zafi.
Sake haifuwa da tsawon rai na tamarin
Kamar kusan dukkanin dabbobi masu shayarwa, tamarin, kafin saduwa, tsayar da wata al'ada, wacce aka bayyana a cikin wani nau'I na zawarcin '' mata '' ga '' matan '' su. Wasannin wasan kwaikwayo a cikin waɗannan birai suna farawa a cikin Janairu-Fabrairu. Ciki na mahaifar tamarin yana ɗaukar kwanaki 140. Kuma zuwa Afrilu-Yuni, dabbobin suna da yara.
Abin sha'awa, tamarins masu hayayyafa, a ƙa'ida, suna haihuwar tagwaye, kuma bayan watanni shida sun riga sun sami damar haifar wasu biyu. Jarirai suna girma cikin sauri kuma bayan watanni biyu suna motsawa da kansu kuma suna kokarin ciyar da kansu.
Hoton tamarin zinare ne tare da 'yar ƙafa
Sun balaga tun suna da shekaru biyu da haihuwa. Da yake sun zama manya, yara yawanci basa barin iyali kuma suna ci gaba da zama tare da dangi. Duk membobin kungiyar suna kula da zuriyar da ke girma, suna kulawa da kare yara da kuma kawo musu labarai na cin abincin rana.
A cikin gidan namun daji, tamarins suna rayuwa da kyau a cikin nau'i-nau'i, suna yin kiwo ba tare da wata matsala ba, kuma suna da ladabi da kulawa da iyaye. Yara masu tasowa a shirye suke don samun zuriyarsu tun sunkai watanni 15. A cikin gidan namun daji, waɗannan halittun suna rayuwa na dogon lokaci, yawanci kusan shekaru 15, amma a cikin yanayin yanayi sau da yawa sukan mutu da wuri. A matsakaici, tamarins yana rayuwa kusan shekaru 12.
