Star-nosed - tawadar na musamman tare da hancin hanci
Daga cikin dabbobi masu shayarwa wadanda ba a saba da su ba a doron kasa, akwai wata dabba da sunan ta ya faɗi abubuwa da yawa a kanta. tauraron hanci, ko sunan tsakiya starbur.
Hancin da ke cikin siffar tauraruwa masu hanu-kaɗan, wanda ya dace da aikin bin hanyoyin da ke ƙarƙashin ƙasa kuma yana aiki daidai azaman ɓangaren taɓawa, shine katin kira na mazaunin Sabuwar Duniya daga dangin dangi.
Fasali da mazauninsu
Tsarin mulki na dabbobi ya dace da danginsa: mai ƙarfi, mai motsi, tare da tsawan kai a gajeren wuya. Idanun kanana ne, da kyar ake iya ganinsu. Gani ya yi rauni. Babu auricles.
Yatsun kafa a kan manyan hannayen hannu suna da tsayi, spatulate, tare da manyan ƙusoshi. Gaɓoɓin an juya su waje don saukakawa da haƙa ƙasa. Feetafafun kafa na baya biyar suna kama da na gaba, amma ba kamar yadda aka saba da shi don tono kamar na gaba ba.
Girma tauraro-hanci karami, 10-13 cm. Wutsiya tana ƙarawa kimanin tsawon cm 8. Ya fi na sauran ƙwayoyi, an rufe shi da gashi mara kyau kuma yana ajiyar kitse a lokacin sanyi. Sabili da haka, ta yanayin sanyi, girmanta yana ƙaruwa sau 3-4. Jimlar nauyin dabbobi 50-80 g.
Riga tana da duhu, launin ruwan kasa, kusan launin baƙi. Mai kauri da siliki, mai tauri da mara ruwa a kowane yanayi. Wannan ya banbanta kwayar halittar tauraruwa daga sauran ƙwayoyi.
Amma babban bambancin da fasalin ya ta'allaka ne da ɓatancin da ba a saba gani ba a cikin surar tauraruwa. A gefen hancin akwai ci gaban fata 11 a kowane gefe. Duk haskoki suna motsawa da sauri ba tare da tsoro ba, taɓawa da bincika ƙarancin abubuwa da yawa kan hanya.
Irin wannan hanci mai ban mamaki yana aiki azaman lantarki wanda ke ɗaukar motsin rai daga motsin ganima cikin sauri mafi sauri. A kan tantunan hanci, har zuwa 4 mm a girma, akwai jijiyoyin jijiyoyi, jijiyoyin jini wadanda ke taimakawa wajen gane ganima.
A cikin dakika na biyu, dabbar tana tantance abin da ake ci. Hancin dabba na musamman dabba an dauke shi mafi mahimmancin abin taɓawa a duniya. Tauraruwar tauraruwa ba zata iya rikicewa da kowa ba. Yankunan gabashin Arewacin Amurka, kudu maso gabashin Kanada sune wuraren zama.
Hanyar tauraro kyakkyawa ce mai iyo
A kudancin nahiyar, akwai wakilan tauraruwar tauraruwa, waɗanda ƙarancin girman su. Moles suna son yanayin danshi da ke cikin filayen marshlands, bogs, peatlands, da ciyayi da gandun daji. Idan an cire shi a cikin yanayin bushe, to ba zai wuce 300-400 m daga tafki ba. Yana faruwa a wuraren da aka daukaka har zuwa 1500 m sama da matakin teku.
Yanayi da salon rayuwar tauraruwa
Babu bambanci da dangin moles, hancin tauraruwa ƙirƙirar labyrinth na hanyoyin karkashin kasa. Takun sawun da ke cikin sifar tudun ƙasa a shimfidar ƙasa yana ba da mazauninsu.
Wasu daga cikin ramuka dole ne su kai ga tafki, wasu suna da alaƙa da ɗakunan shakatawa masu wadata. Busassun shuke-shuke, ganye da kanana sun tara a can. Hanyoyin da ke sama, kusa da saman duniya, don farauta ne; zurfin ramuka - don tsari daga makiya da kiwon zuriya.
Jimlar tsaffin ramuka ya kai mita 250-300. Gudun motsi dabba ta cikin ramin ya fi saurin bera mai gudu. Na aiki tauraron hancin tauraro abokantaka sosai tare da haɓakar ruwa. Kyawawan masu ninkaya da masu nutsuwa, har ma suna farauta a ƙasan tafki.
A lokacin sanyi yakan dauki lokaci mai yawa a karkashin kankara a cikin ruwa. Ba sa yin bacci a lokacin shakarar, saboda haka suna farautar dare da rana don mazaunan cikin ruwa kuma suna samun kwari masu sanyi a ƙarƙashin murfin dusar ƙanƙara.
A saman duniya, hancin tauraruwa sun fi ƙwazo aiki. Har ma suna da nasu hanyoyi da hanyoyi a cikin manyan duwatsu da ganyen da suka faɗi, wanda ƙananan dabbobi ke motsawa. Ciyarwar dabbobi tana tilasta su su bin hanyoyi da yawa, idan babu sauran abinci a tsohuwar ramin.
Da rana, kwayar halittar tana yin tafiye-tafiye sau 4-6 na farauta, a tsakaninta kuma tana narkar da abin da yake ci. Ana yin bikin zamantakewar rayuwa tauraron hanci a cikin ƙirƙirar ƙananan yankuna.
Akwai kusan mutane 25-40 a kowace kadada na yanki. Ungiyoyi ba su da ƙarfi, galibi sukan rabu. Sadarwa tsakanin maza da mata a wajan lokacin saduwa abun birgewa ne.
Dabbobin tauraruwar tauraruwa suna neman abinci koyaushe, amma su kansu abubuwan farauta ne na yau da kullun don tsuntsayen dare, karnuka, dabbobin daji, Fox, Martens da danginsu. Manyan bakin-baki da bijimai na iya haɗiye tauraron hancin-hanci karkashin ruwa.
A lokacin sanyi, lokacin da abinci ya yi karanci, masu farauta sukan tono hancin taurari daga dakunan karkashin kasa. Don falcons da owls, wannan ma abin daɗi ne mai daɗi.
A cikin hoton, tauraron hancin taurari
Abincin tauraro
Dabbobi sun san yadda ake neman ganima ko'ina: a saman duniya, a cikin zurfin ƙasa, a cikin ruwa. Asali, abincinsu ya kunshi tsutsar ciki, molluscs, larvae, kwari iri-iri, ƙananan kifi da ɓawon burodi. Koda kananan kwadi da beraye suna shiga cikin abinci.
Babban natsuwa na gabobin tabawa yana taimaka wa tauraron hancin-hancinsa nemo ganima tare da tanti a fuskarsa kuma ya rike shi da gabanta na gaba. Kamarsa da sauri ya rarrabe dabba a matsayin ɗayan mafiya saurin tashin hankali a duniya.
A lokacin rani, lokacin wadataccen abinci, yawan wadatar zafin taurari shine yake cin abinci gwargwadon nauyinsa. Amma a wasu lokuta, yawan kuɗin da aka saba dashi ya kai 35 g na abinci.
Sake haifuwa da tsawon rai
A cikin yankuna masu dauke da tauraron dan adam, ana lura da auren mata daya-daya. Tana nuna kanta a cikin gaskiyar cewa maza da mata waɗanda ke ƙirƙirar ma'aurata ba sa rikici a yankin farautar.
Wannan ya sanya alaƙar tsakanin maza da mata banda sauran halittu makamantan ta a lokacin saduwa. Yanayin zamantakewar al'umma yana bayyana a cikin ƙungiyoyi marasa ƙarfi a cikin babban yankin zama. Amma kowane ɗayan yana da ɗakunan kansa na ɓoye don hutawa.
Lokacin jima'i yana faruwa sau ɗaya a shekara a cikin bazara. Idan mazaunin yana arewa, to daga Mayu zuwa Yuni, idan kudanci - daga Maris zuwa Afrilu. Ciki ya kai kwanaki 45. Yawancin lokaci galibi akwai cuban ƙanana 3-4 a cikin zuriyar dabbobi guda ɗaya, amma akwai ƙurarrun taurari har guda 7.
Ana haihuwar jarirai tsirara, kusan babu taurari a hancinsu. Amma saurin girma yana haifar da 'yanci cikin wata ɗaya. Ana bayyana wannan a cikin ci gaban yankuna, abincin manya. Watanni 10, yaran da suka girma sun girma da balaga, kuma zuwa bazara mai zuwa suna shirye don kiwo da kansu.
Tsawon rayuwar dabbar, idan bai zama abin farautar mai farauta ba, ya kai shekaru 4. A cikin bauta, an ƙara tsawon rai zuwa shekaru 7. Wurin zama na farko na dabbobi a hankali yana raguwa, dangane da wannan, adadin dabbobi masu hancin tauraro yana raguwa. Amma har yanzu ba a lura da barazanar kiyaye nau'ikan ba, daidaitaccen yanayin yana kiyaye wadannan sanannun santocin sanannun sanannun taurarin.
