A karo na farko rawanin rawane wanda aka ambata a cikin aikin Baƙon ɗan asalin Sweden mai suna Karl Linnaeus a cikin 1758. Citrinella shine takamaiman sunan tsuntsu kuma an samo shi daga kalmar Latin "lemo". Da wannan launin mai launin rawaya mai haske ne aka zana kai, wuya da ciki na kidan kidan.
Bayyanar Oatmeal da fasali
A hoto oatmeal a waje kuma a girma yana da kamanceceniya da gwara. Saboda wannan kamanni, an sanya oatmeal a matsayin mai wucewa. Tabbas, ba shi yiwuwa a rikitar da hatsi tare da gwara, ana rarrabe shi da launin rawaya, haske mai haske da wutsiya, wanda ya fi tsayi fiye da na gwara. Tsawon jikin oatmeal ya kai cm 20, tsuntsun ya auna cikin gram 30.
Maza, musamman a lokacin saduwa, suna da launi mai haske fiye da mata. Lumban launuka masu launin lemo suna rufe kai, cinya da kuma cikar ciki na namiji tsuntsaye suna farauta... Baya da gefuna suna da inuwa mai duhu, yawanci launuka-masu launin toka-launin toka, wanda raƙuman rawanin dogaye a kansu suka fi duhu.
A cikin hoton, tsuntsun yana farautar namiji
Bakin fararen fata ya bambanta da bakit mai wucewa a cikin girmansa. A cikin samari tsuntsaye, lamuran ba su da haske sosai, kuma a zahiri sun fi kama da mata. Hanyar jirgin ya zama gusty, undulating.
Rarraba dangin farauta
Baya ga yawan farauta na yau da kullun, akwai wasu nau'ikan buntings da yawa a cikin tsarin tsuntsayen da ke wucewa:
- Reed farauta
- Prosyanka
- Lambun farauta
- Lambun hatsi
- Bakin-baki farauta
- Oatmeal-Remez wasu
Duk waɗannan nau'ikan an tattara su cikin tsari ɗaya, amma kowane tsuntsu yana da daidaikun launukansa, karin waƙoƙinsu da tsarin rayuwa.
A cikin hoton, farautar tsuntsaye mace ce
Rarraba farauta da mazauni
Songbird farauta yana rayuwa a ko'ina cikin Turai, galibi ana samun sa a Iran da yankuna da yawa na Yammacin Siberia. A arewa, mawuyacin halin rarrabawa shine Scandinavia da Kola Peninsula. Amma yankuna na tsohuwar Tarayyar Soviet, anan yankin nest shine a kudancin Ukraine da Moldova. Hakanan akwai yankuna daban a cikin tsaunukan Elbrus.
A tsakiyar karni na 19, da gangan aka fitar da hatsi na yau da kullun daga mazaunin sa, musamman daga Burtaniya, zuwa tsibirin New Zealand. Yawan tsuntsaye masu launin shuɗi ya ƙaru sau da yawa saboda yawan abinci a lokacin sanyi, kuma ƙaramin adadi na masu farautar lalata halaye.
A hoto, tsuntsun yana farautar lambu
Akwai lokuta da yawa lokacin da oatmeal na yau da kullun ya haifar da zuriya daga wasu nau'ikan danginsu. Sakamakon wannan cakudawar sabo ne, yawan mutanen buntings. Yin farauta yana rayuwa galibi a cikin yankuna masu buɗewa, ba ruwa ba.
Waɗannan na iya zama gefunan daji, tsire-tsire na wucin gadi, tsire-tsire na shrub, yanki tare da hanyoyin jirgin ƙasa, wuraren bushe kusa da jikin ruwa. Buntings ba sa kauce wa mutane, kuma galibi suna zama kusa, a cikin birane. Suna son yin gida kusa da gonaki, inda zaka iya samun kwayar hatsi.
Abin da aka fi so don oatmeal shine hatsi. A gaskiya, saboda haka sunan mai son wannan hatsi - "oatmeal". Tsuntsaye masu haske harma suna yin hunturu a yankin da wuraren shakatawa suke kusa. Oats, waɗanda aka girbe don dawakai, sun isa su ciyar da yawan tsuntsaye a cikin hunturu.
A cikin hoton, tsuntsun yana reed yana farauta
Yanayin Oatmeal da abinci mai gina jiki
Lokacin da dusar ƙanƙara ta fara narkewa daga ƙasa, kuma da daddare, har ma lokaci-lokaci sanyi na dawowa, mazan maza sun riga sun dawo cikin hunturu. Su ne ɗayan tsuntsaye na farko da zasu faranta mana rai da farincikinsu a farkon bazara. Yayin jiran mata, maza ba sa gina gida, mafi yawan lokuta ana ɓatar da neman abinci, kuma, ba shakka, waƙoƙi masu daɗi da ke yabon farkawa ta yanayi daga barcin hunturu.
Menene tsuntsu mai baho?? Lokacin da babu kusan dusar ƙanƙara da ta rage, ana samun hatsi daga girbin shekarar da ta gabata a saman tsuntsayen. Hakanan a wannan lokacin, kwari na farko suna bayyana daga ƙasa, wanda, daga baya, zasu kasance rabon zakin cin abincin oatmeal.
Yawan kwari yana da kyau ga zuriya ta gaba, tunda tare dasu ne sabbin iyayen da aka kirkiro suna ciyar da kajinsu. Da farko dai, kajin yakan samu kwarya-kwarya daga goron daya daga cikin iyayen, sai kuma ciyawar dawa, gizo-gizo, kwarkwata da sauran kwari.
Sake haifuwa da tsawon rayuwar oatmeal
Lokacin saduwa don tsuntsaye masu sautin murya yana farawa ne a tsakiyar watan Afrilu, kuma a ƙarshen wata tsuntsayen suna samun nau'i-nau'i. Maza masu haske da faɗakarwa na tsawan sa'o'i a gaban mata, suna ta shewa tare da farin ciki.
Lokacin da mace ta zaba wa kanta abokiyar zama, sai a fara neman wuri sannan a gina gida don kaji na gaba. Wannan na faruwa ne a tsakiyar watan Mayu, lokacin da ƙasar ta riga ta da dumi sosai, saboda buntings suna gida dama a ƙasa, ƙarƙashin bishiyoyi, ko cikin ciyawa mai tsayi a gefen kwazazzabai.
Sau da yawa, farauta tana zaɓar buɗaɗɗun wurare, amma yayin lokacin kiwo ya fi son ɓoye murhun dangi daga baƙi. Gida yana kama da kwalliyar da ba ta da nisa a cikin siffar. Kayan gidan shine busasshiyar ciyawa, tsirrai na tsire-tsire na hatsi, gashin doki ko ulu na wasu ungulaye. A lokacin kakar, mace na yin kwai sau biyu. Yawancin lokaci, babu fiye da kwai biyar a cikin kama daga hatsi.
Suna da ƙanƙanci cikin girma, suna da launin shuɗi-shuɗi mai ruwan hoda ko ruwan hoda mai ƙwanƙwasa da jijiyoyi masu kaushi na launi mai duhu, waɗanda ke zana hotunan tsarguwa masu rikitarwa da ɗigo a kan harsashi. An haifi kajin farko a cikin kwanaki 12-14. A wannan lokacin, mahaifin na gaba yana tsunduma cikin samar da abinci don rabin sa. 'Ya'yan farko na oatmeal sun samar a ƙarshen Mayu - farkon Yuni.
Hoton shine tsuntsaye masu farauta
Kajin farauta ƙyanƙyashe, an rufe shi da farin jan ƙasa. Ana ciyar da kajin da kwari iri-iri, amma lokacin da jariran suka isa barin gida gida da kansu, abincin yara na ƙuruciya ana cika su da ƙwayayen madara na tsire-tsire da basu isa ba. A cikin makonni biyu, mutanen da suka manyanta sun fahimci ilimin jirgin.
Tun kafin zuriyar farko ta fara koyon nemo abinci da kansu, mace zata fara neman wuri da kuma shirya gida na biyu. A watan Agusta, tsararrarun tsuntsaye biyu suna tururuwa suna tashi sama don neman sababbin wurare masu wadataccen albarkatu da ƙwari. Sau da yawa irin waɗannan tafiye-tafiye suna ɗaukar yawan mutane har ma da iyakokin ƙauyukansu.
A karkashin yanayi mai kyau, rayuwar oatmeal tsawon shekaru 3-4. Koyaya, akwai sharuɗɗan rajista lokacin da ana iya kiran tsuntsaye da haƙƙoƙin su na tsawon lokaci. An samo tsohuwar oatmeal a Jamus. Ta wuce shekaru 13.
