Mink, sarauniyar dabbobi masu dabbobi
Godiya ga kyawawan furfura mai kyau da daraja, an san mink a duk faɗin duniya kuma ana ɗaukarsa ainihin “sarauniya” a tsakanin dabbobi masu ɗauke da fur. Ruhun zamani ya zama gidan dabbobi masu taurin kai, waɗanda ke da farin ciki ba kawai da kwarjinin su ba, har ma da halayen wasan kwaikwayo.
Fasali da mazaunin mink
Mink wakilin gidan marten ne, dabbobi masu shayarwa masu cin nama. Dabbar karama ce, har zuwa tsawon 50 cm, tsawowi a cikin sifar jiki, mai siffar abin nadi. Tsawon ƙaramin wutsiyar bai wuce 15-18 cm ba, bakin bakin ya cika, tare da ƙananan kunnuwa, kusan ba a iya gani a cikin murfin mai kauri.
Idanu kamar bakin fata ne, masu kwarjini da bayyana. Theasussuwan gajeru ne, an rufe su da Jawo, yatsun hannu sanye suke da membrannan da aka bayyana, musamman ma faɗuwa a ƙafafun baya.
A cikin motsi na mink, bouncing an kama. Nauyin mutum ya kasance daga 1.5 zuwa 3 kilogiram, maza koyaushe sun fi mata girma. Dangi mafi kusanci a cikin dangin weasel sune ferre, weasel, da ermine.
Gashi mai gajeren gashi mai santsi, mai tsananin ƙarfi da kariya cewa bayan an daɗe a cikin ruwa, gashin mink ɗin baya samun ruwa. Canjin yanayi baya shafar tsarin fur. Launi yawanci abu ɗaya ne, daga ja zuwa launin ruwan kasa mai duhu, kusan baƙi. A kan ciki, sautin ya fi sauƙi, kuma a ƙafafu da jela - launuka masu kauri.
Sau da yawa akwai tabo mai haske a ƙarƙashin leɓe, wani lokacin akan same shi a ƙirjin dabbar ko kuma tare da cikin. A halin yanzu, minkoki na tabarau daban-daban na Jawo an bred: shuɗi, fari, lilac - fiye da bambancin launi 60 gaba ɗaya.
Dabbar tana iyo sosai, sabili da haka yana kusa da gaɓoɓin ruwa: kusa da koguna, tabkuna, tashoshi. Menene mink yayi kama, ana iya kiyaye shi ta ruwa: dabba sassauƙan ban mamaki, sassauƙa na jiki, saurin motsi, saurin zama muhimmi. Zaɓi wurare don zama kusa da bishiyoyin da aka sare, dusar ƙanƙara da ke fitowa zuwa farfajiya da maƙalatu.
Bayanin mink na dabba a dabi'a, ya shafi manyan nau'ikan dabbobi biyu: Turai da Amurka. Duk jinsunan suna da kusanci da juna. An yi amannar cewa jinsunan Amurkawa masu noman furannin sun samo asali ne daga Bature, sun dan fi wadanda suka yi karatu a baya girma. dabbobi. Farashin ƙyama Amurkawa mafi girma ga fur mai ɗorewa.
Matsakaicin nau'ikan nau'ikan mink na Turai ya faro daga Finland zuwa tsaunukan Ural. A kudu, iyakar tarihi ta rarrabawa alama ce ta tsaunukan Caucasus da yankuna arewacin Spain. Ba a ga irin dabbar da ba ta da yawa a Faransa, wanda ke nuna motsi zuwa yamma.
Gabaɗaya, an rage yawan mink sosai saboda farautar kasuwanci saboda dumi da kyakkyawar fur. Ana adana yawan jama'a kawai a cikin yankuna, dabba tana cikin Lissafi kuma doka tana kiyaye shi a duk ƙasashe.
Mink dabba ce sibilant, isar da tabarau masu yawa:
- sharply da takaice - bayyanar fushi da tsoro;
- mai taushi da nishaɗi - kira yayin tsutsa;
- cikin nutsuwa da nutsuwa - sadarwa tare da zuriya.
Masu mallakan ƙananan gida sun fahimci yarensu da kyau kuma suna ƙoƙari su sa sadarwa ta zama mai kwanciyar hankali da sirri. Dabbobi suna da rauni a zuciya. Tsoro na iya halakar da dabba, kodayake shi ma ya san yadda za a kare kansa.
Suna ɗaukar minks a hannayensu a cikin safofin hannu na musamman waɗanda ke kare hannayensu daga cizon. Dabbobin suna da ƙarin makami guda ɗaya: kamar sananniyar dabbar dabbar, tana iya fesa ruwa mai ƙanshi wanda ke tsoratar da magabta. Mink a matsayin dabbar gida da wuya ya koma irin wannan kariya.
Hali da salon rayuwa
Halin na mink yana da rai kuma yana da wahala. Yana haifar da salon rayuwa shi kaɗai. Yanayi bai baiwa dabba ikon hanzarta gudu, hawa, amma tana iyo da nutsuwa sosai. Jirgin yana motsawa gaba tare da duk ƙafafun da jerks. Iya tafiya tare da kasa. Tsoro mai karfi ne kawai zai tilasta wa dabbar hawa wani reshe ko daji.
Yana son keɓantattun wurare, masu natsuwa da natsuwa, suna zama a gefen bankunan ruwa masu kyau waɗanda ke cike da ciyayi, yana zaɓar tabkuna masu ƙanƙara da ƙananan koguna.
Gidajen an gina su ne akan manyan hummocks, wanda akwai ruwa aciki, don haka da haɗarin farko zasu iya ɓoyewa a zurfin cikin aminci. Yana bayyana bayan mita 15-20 don dubawa da kuma ɗaukar numfashin ku, sannan ku ɓuya a cikin ciyayi.
Ayyukan suna bayyana kanta tare da farkon duhu, kodayake wani lokacin yakan farauta da rana akan yanki kadada 12 zuwa 25. Yana neman abinci a ƙasa, yana rufe kusan rabin kilomita kowace rana a filin farautarsa.
Ana maimaita hanyoyin a kowace rana, wuraren suna da alamun alamun ƙanshi. Tare da farkon lokacin hunturu, dole ne ku matsar da sau 3-4 don bincika polynyas da aka kiyaye.
Yana ƙoƙari kada ya bayyana a cikin dusar ƙanƙara, yana motsawa ta ramuka da ƙarƙashin ruwa. Minks ba sa yin bacci, amma a ranakun da ke da sanyi, dabbar na iya ɓoyewa a cikin kogon ruwa kuma ya ɗan jima yana bacci, yana jiran kwanaki masu wuya.
Mink masaukai an haƙa ɗakuna tare da zuriyar ciyawar bushe, gashin fuka-fukai, da gansakuka, hanyoyin fita daban daban daban. Toaya zuwa ruwa, ɗayan kuma zuwa ciyayi mai yalwa. An keɓance wani wuri daban don bayan gida.
Hakanan za'a iya mamaye tsoffin burbushin berayen ruwa, muskrats, fasawar ƙasa da baƙin ciki ta hanyar mink don rayuwa. Dabbar tana gujewa mutane, amma son sani da sha'awar cin abinci akan lafazin sun fi tsoro ƙarfi. Sabili da haka, mahaukatan ager galibi sukan kai hari ga mugayen kaji.
Abinci
Insofar kamar mink - daji dabba, mazaunin ruwa-ruwa, abinci yafi kunshi kifaye daban-daban, kayan kwalliya, katantanwa, molluscs, berayen ruwa, macizai, kwadi. Dabbar tana farautar dabbobin ƙasa da tsuntsaye, ba ya ƙyamar ƙwari.
Ba da nisa da kauyuka ba, kaji na gida da agwagwa galibi suna ɓacewa saboda ƙananan yara. Ya fi son cin sabo, kawai a lokacin yunwa har zuwa kwanaki 3-4 zai iya canzawa zuwa nama mara kyau ko karɓar sharar abinci daga wuraren zama.
Tare da kusancin yanayin sanyi, mink yana sanya tanadin abinci a cikin nau'ikan cizon ko kwaroyen da aka sare su, beraye masu kama da linzamin kwamfuta, minnows, perches, squinting, lokaci-lokaci tsuntsaye. Ma'ajiyar kayan abinci yana son sake cikawa, yana kula da ɗanɗanon ɗanɗanar ajiyar kuɗi.
Ana ciyar da minks na gida musamman tare da nama da abincin kifi tare da ƙarin kayan lambu, hatsi, kiwo, da abubuwan bitamin. Ga kowane lokacin nazarin halittu, an zaɓi abincin da ya dace. A lokacin rani, saboda tara kuzari, furotin da abinci mai bitamin suna haɓakawa, a cikin lokacin dormancy na hunturu - ƙarancin abinci mai haɗuwa da abinci.
Sake haifuwa da tsawon rai
Mink lokacin saduwa yana gudana daga Fabrairu zuwa Afrilu. Yaƙin mata yana bayyana a cikin faɗa da hayaniya. Ciki na mata yana ɗauka har zuwa kwanaki 72, sakamakon haifar da cuba 2an -7an 2-7. Matasan yara suna wasa sosai. Maza ba sa nuna sa hannu cikin kula da zuriya kuma suna rayuwa dabam.
A tsakiyar bazara, jarirai suna girma zuwa rabin girman mahaifiyarsu, a lokacin kaka suna isa girman manya. Sun canza daga madarar uwa zuwa abincin dabbobi kuma a ƙarshe sun bar burrow na iyaye.
Minks sun balaga ta hanyar watanni 10, har zuwa shekaru 3, ana kiyaye mafi yawan haihuwa, sannan a hankali yana raguwa. Tsammani na rayuwa a cikin yanayi ya kai kimanin shekaru 9-10, amma a cikin zaman talala, kalmar ta haɓaka sosai zuwa shekaru 15-18.
Gidan mazaunin minks a cikin yanayi koyaushe yana raguwa. Minks ana renonsu ga mutane, kodayake basu zama cikakku masu ɗimauta ba. Zan iya amsawa ga muryoyin da aka sani kuma a shafa a hankali
Akwai dukkanin gonakin Jawo inda zaka iya sayan mink na dabba don dalilai na masana'antu. Wannan ita ce kadai hanyar da za a ci gaba da sarrafa jinsin namun daji.
