Fasali da mazaunin shrew
Mai hankali - wannan karamar dabba ce (daga centan santimita, a cikin ƙananan lamura - har zuwa ɗari ɗaya), na dangin shrews ne, masu nauyin giram dozin kawai.
Kamar yadda aka gani akan hoto, shrew a waje yana kama da beran filin, ya sha bamban da shi kawai a cikin tsawa mai tsawo, mai kama da proboscis, da wutsiya, wani lokacin ma ya kan wuce girman jikin kansa, tare da gajerun gashi.
Bugu da kari, dabbar tana da kananan idanu-farare, fararen hakora, manyan kafafuwa na baya, gashi mai sheki da launin ruwan kasa mai duhu, a wasu yanayi kusan baki, launi. A saman ya yi duhu kuma ƙasan ya fi haske. Dabbobin suna da yawa a Arewacin Turai kuma suna cikin yawancin halittu masu shayarwa.
Suna son zama a cikin shuke-shuke da ciyawar ciyawa, kuma galibi suna rayuwa a cikin bishiyoyi. A wasu halaye, kamar beraye, suna iya zama a gidajen mutane.
Shrew gama gari musamman ya sami gindin zama a yankuna masu yanayi mai kyau. Ana iya ganin dabbar a cikin inuwar hadaddun dazuzzuka, inda ya fi son yankuna masu danshi wadanda ke cike da tarkacen shuka.
Arctic shrew mazaunin Siberia ne da kuma tundra, ana kuma samunsa a can arewacin arewacin nahiyar Amurka. Dabbobin suna narkar da wasu lokuta sau biyu a shekara (kawai a mahaɗar lokacin sanyi da dumi na yanayin arewacin), suna canza gashinsu daga haske da dumi a cikin watannin hunturu zuwa wata siririyar ulu ta sautunan hankali a cikin yanayi mai kyau. Launi mai yawa na Jawo yana da ban sha'awa kuma yana da launuka uku masu launin ruwan kasa, suna bambanta daga haske zuwa launin toka da kuma duhu gaba ɗaya.
Babban shrew, tare da tsayinsa na 10 cm, ana samunsa a arewacin yankin Koriya, Gabas mai nisa da China. Yawan wannan dabba yana raguwa sosai, dangane da wannan yanayin, ana daukar matakan kare ta.
A cikin hoton akwai katuwar shrew
Shananan shrew ya fi ƙanƙanta kuma ya kai tsayin da bai wuce 6 cm ba, kuma galibi ya fi ƙanƙanta. An samo shi a cikin Caucasus, Kyrgyzstan da Siberia. Yawancin lokaci yana da kofi-ja launi. Mafi ƙarancin (kusan 4 cm) shine kankanin shrew, wanda ba a banza ake la'akari da ƙaramin wakilin dabbobi masu shayarwa a Rasha ba.
A cikin hoto, ƙaramin shrew
Yanayi da salon rayuwar mai hankali
Ba kamar rodents-beraye, shrew yana nufin dabbobi masu shayarwa. Bugu da kari, ba ta tono minks, amma tana zaune ne a cikin gandun daji: farfajiyar duniya, an rufe ta da ganyen da suka fadi kuma sun bushe, ciyawar bara.
A cikin hunturu, dabba ba ta hibernate, sabili da haka, a cikin yanayi mai aiki, zaku iya saduwa da shi a kowane yanayi. Mai hankali yana da hankali, kuma babban rayuwarsa yana ci gaba da dare. Amma zai iya aiwatar da ayyukanta a kowane lokaci na yini, musamman zama mai yin aiki kaɗan awanni kaɗan kafin faduwar rana.
Tana iya yin wurare masu juyawa a cikin ƙasa mai laushi, ƙarƙashin dusar ƙanƙara da kuma cikin lalatattun bishiyun daji, tana yin hakan tare da taimakon proboscis da ƙafafu. Wani lokaci, don ci gabanta, yana amfani da motsawar beraye: moles, voles, bera.
.Arami shrew shrew ya bambanta a hangen nesa mara mahimmanci. Kuma manyan gabobin da ke taimaka mata rayuwa a wannan duniyar sune ma'anar taɓawa da ƙanshi. Kari kan haka, da daddare irin wannan na musamman da na musamman, wanda aka ba ta bisa dabi'a, kamar yadda ake yi wa lakabi, yana taimaka mata yin zirga-zirga.
Kwatankwacin ƙari ga sauran hankula, wanda ya banbanta shi da sauran rayayyun halittu, yana taimaka masa kada ya ɓace a cikin duhu tsakanin tushen ciyawar da tushen shuke-shuke.
Don neman abin da yake ƙoƙari donwa, mai hankali yana fitar da motsawar sauti. Kuma kunnuwan dabbar, wadanda ke da tsari na musamman, suna karbar sakonnin da ake bukata a cikin martani, suna ba shi cikakken bayani game da sifofin duniya masu kewaye.
Abinci
Dabbar, duk da girmanta, tana da yawan hadama, tana cin abinci ninki biyu a kowace rana.
Kuma tana samun abinci, tana rummaging a cikin manya-manyan lamuran ƙasar, fiye da yadda take da masifa don ɓata ran lambu da lambu ƙwarai. Amma ya fi kyau kada a yi hanzarin yin fushi da maƙwabta irin su shrews, saboda dabbobi na iya taimakawa wajen kawar da kwari da yawa: caterpillars, weevils, leaf beetles, click beetles, May beetles, bear, slugs.
Bugu da ƙari, mai hankali da ƙyar ya kan kama idanun mutum, saboda yana aiki galibi da dare, yana yawo a cikin shara. Dabbar tana cin abincin da ke cikin invertebrates na duniya: katantanwa, masu nika, gizo-gizo da ƙwarin duniya.
A cikin dajin daji, cike da kananan dabbobi, inda take zaune, a lokuta masu kyau ba wuya ta samu abinci ba. Hakanan, shrew din yana iya cin dusar tsuntsaye, mushe da tsire-tsire, wanda yawanci yakan zama abincin hunturu.
Yayin cin abinci, dabbar, a matsayin ka’ida, tana kan dukkan ƙafafu huɗu, amma a wasu lokuta, alal misali, yayin cin tsutsotsi masu santsi ko ƙwaro, tana iya amfani da ƙafafuwanta na gaba don riƙe abin farautarta.
Sau da yawa don neman wani abu da ake ci, mai hankali yakan hau bishiyoyi, yana hawa kan akwati, yana manne da rashin daidaiton baƙon tare da ƙafafunsa don cin abinci a ƙwai na zuhudu ko kwarin gwaiwa.
Don samun abinci, shrew yana iya kai hari har ma da irin wannan, idan aka kwatanta shi da girmansa, dabbobi, kamar ƙananan beraye da kwaɗi. Kuma a yayin nasara, yana cin su kusan gaba ɗaya, yana barin kawai fata da ƙashin waɗanda ke cutar.
Yawancin kwadi da yawa suna zama ganima ta shrews yayin ɓoye, kuma idan dusar ƙanƙara ta narke, kasusuwan kasusuwansu ne kawai, waɗanda suka ci zarafinsu da kyau, za a iya samun su a farfajiyar dajin.
Sake haifuwa da tsawon rai
Lokacin kiwo domin dabbobi yana farawa a farkon lokacin bazara, galibi a watan Maris, kuma ya ƙare a ƙarshen kaka.
A wannan lokacin, mahaifiya mai hankali tana iya haihuwar yara da yawa (daga biyu zuwa huɗu), kowannensu yana ƙara 3a 3a 3-9 zuwa adadin wannan nau'in kwari.
Cutar ciki na dabba takan ɗauki kimanin makonni uku zuwa huɗu. Kuma a ƙarshen lokacin haihuwa, shrews suna gina gida tsakanin bishiyoyi ko duwatsu. Suna gina wa 'ya'yansu mazauni mazauni daga ganyaye da gansakuka, don dacewar sun rufe shi da wani abu mai laushi.
Shananan shrews suna haɓaka cikin sauri, kodayake an haife su gaba ɗaya makaho kuma tare da kariya, tsirara jiki. Domin sati uku masu zuwa, daga lokacin haihuwa, suna shan nonon uwa.
Bayan makonni biyu, ɗaliban da ke kallon yaran sun buɗe, kuma suna fara yin gashi. Kuma bayan watanni 3-4 su da kansu suna iya ɗaukar zuriya. Dabbobin suna rayuwa kusan watanni 18-23, amma a wannan lokacin suna iya ninka ƙarfi sosai.
