Tun zamanin da cicada la'akari kwari,cike da rashin mutuwa. Wataƙila wannan ya faru ne saboda tsawon rai da baƙon kwari.
Tsoffin Helenawa sun yi imani da cewa cicada ba ta da jini, kuma raɓa ita ce kawai abincin ta. Wadannan kwari ne aka sanya a bakin matattu, don haka tabbatar da rashin mutuwarsu. Cicada alama ce ta Typhon, wanda ya sami rai madawwami, amma ba ƙuruciya ba. Tsufa da rauni sun maida shi cicada.
Kuma bisa ga almara na Titan, wanda allahn wayewar gari Eos ya ƙaunace shi, shi ma an mai da shi cicada don kawar da mutuwa.
Hakanan, cicada alama ce ta canjin haske da duhu. Tsoffin Girkawa sun yanka cicada ga Apollo, allahn rana.
Sinawa suna da alamar cicada na tashin matattu. A lokaci guda, samari na har abada, rashin mutuwa, tsarkakewa daga munanan halaye suna haɗuwa da shi. Ana shan busasshen cicada a matsayin abin layya wanda ke tsayayya da mutuwa. Jafananci suna jin muryoyin ƙasarsu a cikin waƙar kwari, kwanciyar hankali da haɗin kai tare da yanayi.
Fasali da mazaunin cicadas
Cicada babban kwari ne wanda aka samo a duk duniya, musamman a yankuna masu dumi tare da gonakin daji. Iyakar abin da aka keɓance sune yankuna na polar da subpolar. Bambance-bambance tsakanin nau'ikan cicada da ke ƙaramar hukuma sun bambanta ne kawai cikin girma da launi. Mafi shaharar dangi shine raira waƙa ko cicadas na gaske.
A cikin hoton akwai cicada mai raira waƙa
Tana da nau'ikan sama da dubu daya da rabi. Wasu daga cikinsu suna da mahimmanci musamman:
- mafi girma shine regal cicada wanda yake da tsayi zuwa 7 cm kuma tsawonsa yakai cm 18. Mazaunin shi shine tsibirin tsibirin tsibiri na Indonesia;
- itacen oak cicada ya kai cm 4.5. Ana samun sa a cikin Ukraine, da kuma a kudancin Rasha;
- ana iya samun cicada na yau da kullun a gabar Bahar Maliya. Girmansa kusan 5 cm, yana haifar da babbar illa ga gonakin inabin;
- tsaunin cicada yana da ƙaramar girma kawai na cm 2. Yana zaune a cikin yankuna mafi arewacin fiye da danginsa;
- lokaci-lokaci cicada yana zaune a Arewacin Amurka. Yana da ban sha'awa don zagayowar ci gabanta, wanda yake shekaru 17. A ƙarshen wannan lokacin, ana haifar da ɗumbin kwari;
- game da kwarin cicada fari, Citrus leafhoppers ko metalcafe a Rasha ya zama sananne ne kawai tun daga 2009. An shigo da shi daga Arewacin Amurka, ya daidaita daidai kuma a halin yanzu yana barazana ga gonaki da lambunan kayan lambu. Kwarin, kwatankwacin ƙaramin asu, girman su yakai 7-9 mm kuma launin fari-toka-sahu.
Yayi kama da kwarin cicada yaya girma tashi, wasu suna kwatanta shi da asu. A kan gajeren kai idanuwa masu ƙarfi suna fitowa da ƙarfi.
Oak cicada
A cikin yankin kambin akwai idanu uku masu sauƙi, masu fasalin alwati uku. Antenananan eriya suna da sassa bakwai. Boananan proboscis mai wakiltar 3 yana wakiltar baki. Fuka-fukan gaba na kwari sun fi na baya baya. Yawancin jinsuna suna da fikafikan fili, wasu suna da haske ko baƙi.
Theafafun cicada gajeru ne kuma sun yi kauri a ƙasa kuma suna da ƙafa. A ƙarshen ciki akwai ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta (a cikin mata) ko kuma kwayar halitta (a cikin maza).
Yanayi da salon cicada
An buga sauti cicada ana jin sa a nesa na mita 900 daga gano kwarin. Wasu kwari suna yin sauti, wanda girman su ya kai 120 dB. Ba kamar ciyawar ciyawa da kwarkwata ba, ba sa shafa wa juna ƙafafunsu, suna da gabobi na musamman don wannan.
Ana fitar da sauti ta hanyar membran guda biyu (kuge). Tsokoki na musamman na ba ka damar jin jiki da shakatawa. Faɗakarwar da ke faruwa a cikin wannan aikin tana haifar da “waƙa”, wanda aka haɓaka ta wani ɗaki na musamman wanda zai iya buɗewa da rufewa a cikin lokaci tare da rawar.
Sau da yawa kwarin cicada buga sautunan ba daya bayan daya ba, amma a kungiyance, wanda ke hana masu farautar gano daidaikun mutane.
Koyaya, babban maƙasudin waƙa shine kiran namiji ga mace don tsawaita yanayin. Kowane irin cicada yana sanya sautin halaye ga mata.
Saurari sautin cicadas
Mata suna raira waƙa fiye da maza. Cicadas suna rayuwa a cikin bishiyoyi da rassan bishiyoyi, kuma suna iya tashi da kyau. Kuma kodayake sau da yawa zaka iya jin kwari, zaka iya gani, har ma fiye da haka kama cicada quite matsala.
Wannan hujja ba ta hana masunta amfani da su a matsayin koto. Yana haifar da manyan nakuda masu jan hankalin kifi daidai. Ana cin Cicadas a Afirka, Asiya, a wasu yankuna na Amurka, Ostiraliya. An dafa kwari, soyayyen, ci tare da kwano na gefe.
Suna da yawa a furotin, kusan 40%, da ƙananan kalori. Suna dandana kamar dankali ko bishiyar asparagus.
Yawancin kwari masu lalata kamar cicadas. Misali, wasu wakilai na kashin duniya suna ciyar da su zuwa tsutsa. Abin lura ne cewa marubucin tatsuniyoyin Rasha I. A. Krylov yayi amfani da hoto daga ayyukan Aesop lokacin rubuta aikin "Dragonfly da Ant".
Kuskure ya shigo cikin aikin, kalmar "cigale" an fassara ta ba daidai ba. Babban jarumar tatsuniya ya kasance daidai da cicada. Bugu da kari, ainihin mazari ba zai iya tsalle ko waka ba.
Abincin Cicada
Ruwan itacen bishiyoyi, shuke-shuke da shrubs shine babban kuma shine kawai abincin cicadas. Tare da proboscis tana lalata haushi kuma tana tsotse ruwan 'ya'yan itace. Mata kuma suna amfani da ovipositor don samun abinci. Sau da yawa ruwan itace yana gudana daga tsire-tsire na dogon lokaci kuma yana samar da manna, wanda aka ɗauka a matsayin abu mai matukar amfani.
Noma yana fama da cutarwa mai yawa daga cicadas da tsutsa. A lokaci guda, ana shafar hatsi da tsire-tsire na lambu. Yankunan da aka lalata na shuke-shuke an rufe su da ƙarancin launi waɗanda ke ƙaruwa a kan lokaci. Shuka ta zama mai rauni, ganyayenta suna tawaya.
Guda guda ba sa cutar da shuka, amma, tarin kwarin na iya haifar da ajalinsa.
Sake haifuwa da tsawon rai na cicadas
Rayuwar manya cicadas takaice. Babban kwari babba yana da lokacin yin kwai kawai. A lokacin kaka, tare da taimakon ovipositor, mata sukan huda wurare masu laushi na shuka (ganye, kara, fata, da sauransu) kuma sanya ƙwai a wurin. Bayan makonni huɗu, ana haifar da larvae daga gare su.
Tsarin rayuwa na wasu nau'in cicada yana da matukar ban sha'awa. An tsara tsarin rayuwarsu don dacewa da babban lambobi (1, 3, 5 …… .17, da sauransu). Duk tsawon wadannan shekarun, tsutsa na yin kwana a karkashin kasa, sannan ya fita, abokai, suka yi ƙwai suka mutu.
Koyaya, tsawon rayuwar kwaro a cikin wani yanki na tsutsa mai yawan adadi mai yawa ba a yi nazari ba tukuna. Cicadas - na dukkan kwari, cikin yana da rai mafi tsayi (har zuwa shekaru 17).
