Labarin ya ce sau ɗaya a wani lokaci, mugayen ruhohi sun aika da mummunan la'ana ga mazaunan duniya, da yawa sun mutu saboda cututtuka masu zafi. Mutane sun fara yin addu'a ga alloli don taimako, sama ta tausaya wa wahala kuma ta aika da manzonsu zuwa duniya - mai girma farin zaki, wanda, da hikimarsa, ya koya wa mutane yadda ake yaƙi da cuta kuma ya yi alkawarin kare su a cikin mawuyacin lokaci. Imani yana cewa yayin da farin zakuna suke a duniya, babu wurin shan wahala da yanke kauna a cikin zukatan mutane.
Farin zaki - yanzu gaskiya ce, amma kwanan nan ana ɗaukarsu kawai kyakkyawan labari ne, tunda basu faru a yanayi ba. A cikin 1975, masana kimiyya-masu bincike guda biyu wadanda suka yi nazari kan duniyar dabbobin Afirka kuma suka kwashe sama da shekara guda suna neman alamomin kasancewar fararen zakuna, ba zato ba tsammani sun gano wasu 'ya' yan fari uku masu farin dusar ƙanƙara tare da shuɗayen idanu kamar sararin sama, haifaffen jar zaki. An sanya 'ya'yan zakin a cikin ajiya domin su hayayyafa irin na almara sarkin dabbobi - farin zaki.
A halin yanzu, akwai kusan mutane ɗari uku a duniya, wannan nau'in, da zarar sun ɓace ga ɗan adam. Yanzu farin zaki ba dabba ba ce wacce ke rayuwa a kan fadaddun filayen Afirka, zakakurai na zakoki suna da kariya kuma sun samar da kyakkyawan yanayi don kiwo a kewayen duniya.
Fasali da mazauninsu
Lions suna cikin rukunin dabbobi masu shayarwa, umarnin masu farauta, dangin dangi. Suna da gajerun Jawo, launin fari-mai-dusar ƙanƙara wanda a hankali yakan yi duhu daga haihuwar dabbar kuma babba ya sami launin hauren giwa. A ƙarshen jelar, farin zaki yana da ƙaramin tassel, wanda yake baƙar fata cikin jan brethrenan’uwa maza.
Tsawon jikin namiji zai iya kaiwa kimanin 330 cm, zakin zaki, a matsayin mai mulkin, ya ɗan zama ƙasa - 270 cm. Farin zaki mai nauyi ya bambanta daga 190 zuwa 310 kg. An bambanta zakuna daga mata ta hanyar wani babban man gashi mai kauri da doguwa, wanda ya fara girma a kan kai, a gefen mulos ɗin kuma a hankali ya wuce zuwa ɓangaren kafaɗa. Ofaunar abin motsawar ta ba sarkin dabbobi kwarjini da ɗaukaka, yana iya jan hankalin mata da tsoratar da kishiyoyin maza.
A kimiyance ya tabbatar da cewa wadannan dabbobin ba zabiya bane. Akwai fararen zakuna masu idanu biyu masu shuɗi da shuɗi. Rashin launi a cikin launi na fata da gashi yana nuna rashin jinsi na musamman.
Masana kimiyya sun ɗauka cewa kimanin shekaru dubu 20 da suka gabatafarin zakoki na afirka ya rayu a cikin ƙarancin fadada kankara da kankara. Kuma wannan shine dalilin da yasa suke da launi mai launin dusar ƙanƙara, wanda ya zama kyakkyawar ɓoye yayin farauta. Sakamakon canjin yanayin yanayi a doron kasa, fararen zakuna sun zama mazaunan tsaunuka kuma suna lulluɓe a ƙasashe masu zafi.
Saboda launin sa mai haske, zaki ya zama dabba mai saurin rauni, wanda, yayin farauta, ba zai iya boye isa ba don samun adadin abincin da ake bukata.
Kuma ga mafarauta, fatar fatar dabbar ita ce ganima mafi daraja. Zakiye masu launi irin na "baƙon abu" don yanayi, yana da matukar wahala a ɓoye a cikin ciyawa kuma sakamakon haka zasu iya zama ganima ga sauran dabbobi.
Mafi girma yawan farin zaki yana can yamma da Afirka ta Kudu a cikin katon Sambona Nature Reserve. A gare su, da sauran nau'ikan dabbobi marasa ƙarancin yanayi, mafi kusanci da mahalli na asali a cikin daji an halicce su.
Mutum ba ya tsoma baki tare da aiwatar da zaɓin yanayi, farauta da haifuwar mazaunan yankin da aka kiyaye. Gidajen zoo mafi girma a cikin ƙasashen duniya, kamar su Jamus, Japan, Kanada, Russia, Malaysia, da Amurka, suna ajiye wannan dabba ta almara a wurarensu na buɗe ido.
Hali da salon rayuwa
Wadannan martaba, gabatar ahoto farin zakuna, galibi suna rayuwa cikin manyan kungiyoyi - alfahari. Yawancin mata zakin mata suna kiwon zuriya kuma suna farauta, kuma maza suna kiyaye girman kai da yanki. Bayan fara balaga, ana korar maza daga dangi kuma bayan wani lokaci mafi ƙarfi daga cikinsu suna haifar da girman kansu.
Suchaya daga cikin waɗannan iyalai na iya ƙunsar maza zuwa ɗaya zuwa uku, mata da yawa da yara ƙanana na jinsi biyu. Dabbobi suna tattara ganima gaba ɗaya, a fili suna ba da matsayin. Matan zaki suna taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen farauta, saboda sun fi sauri da sauri.
Namiji zai iya tsoratar da ganima ne kawai da barazanar ruri, wanda tuni yana jiran kwanton bauna. Farin zakoki na iya yin bacci har zuwa awanni 20 a rana, suna garaɓewa a cikin inuwar daji da yaɗuwar bishiyoyi.
Yankin girman kai shine yankin indafararen zakuna... Idan ɗaya daga cikin dabbobin dangin wasu mutane ya shiga wannan ƙasa, to yaƙi tsakanin masu alfahari na iya tashi.
Farin zaki ciyar
Abincin yau da kullun na babban mutum shine nama, mafi yawan lokuta na dabba mara daɗi (bauna ko rakumin daji) daga kilogram 18 zuwa 30. Lions dabbobi ne masu haƙuri waɗanda ke iya cin abinci sau ɗaya a kowace kwana biyu zuwa uku, kuma suna iya yin ba tare da abinci ba har tsawon makonni.
Cin zaki mai kyau wani nau'i ne na al'ada. Shugaban maza na girman kai ya fara ci, sannan sauran duka, saura sun ci na ƙarshe. Na farkon wanda zai ci zuciyar ganima, sannan hanta da koda, sannan kawai nama da fata. Sun fara cin abinci ne bayan babban namiji ya cika.
Sake haifuwa da tsawon rai na farin zaki
Farin zakoki suna iya kiwo cikin shekara. Theaukewar tayi yana faruwa ne tsakanin watanni 3.5 kacal. Kafin haihuwar zuriya, zakanya ta bar girman kai, a cikin duniya tana iya hayayyafa daga liona lionan zaki ɗaya zuwa huɗu. Bayan ɗan lokaci, mace tare da ɗiyanta ta dawo cikin girman kai.
Haihuwar zuriya tana faruwa kusan lokaci ɗaya a cikin mata, wannan yana ba da gudummawa ga kariyar ofa lionan zaki kuma yana rage mace-macen yara ƙanana. Bayan zuriya sun girma, mata mata suna zama cikin girman kai, kuma mazan, sun kai shekaru biyu zuwa hudu, sun bar girman kai.
A cikin daji, zakoki na iya rayuwa daga shekara 13 zuwa 16, amma maza ba safai suke rayuwa ba har zuwa shekaru 11, tun da aka kore su daga girman kai, ba duka suke iya rayuwa su kaɗai ba ko ƙirƙirar danginsu.
A cikin fursuna, fararen zakoki na iya rayuwa daga shekara 19 zuwa 30. A cikin Rasha, fararen zakuna suna zaune a Krasnoyarsk Park na flora da fauna "Roev Ruchey" da kuma a "Safari Park" na Krasnodar. Farin zaki da aka jera a cikin International Littafin Ja a matsayin haɗari mai haɗari kuma ba safai ba, kusan ba a samu a yanayi. Ya dogara ne kawai da mutumin ko farin zaki zai zama gaskiya ko kuma zai sake zama almara.
