Dabba alpaca ya bayyana tun kafin dala ta dala ta Masar. Abin mamaki ne cewa, yana zaune ne kawai a cikin tsaunukan Kudancin Amurka, dabbar ta wanzu a can cikin yanayin yanayi har zuwa yau, ba tare da canza asalin yankin ba.
A wannan zamani, sake sanya alpacas zuwa sassa daban-daban na duniya abu ne na jaraba da tsada, wanda aka bayyana ta hanyar buƙatu na musamman don wannan halitta mai ban mamaki.
Bayani da siffofin alpaca
A yau alpaca gidan rakumi ne na gida. Karami ne a cikin sura, ya kai tsayi zuwa mita 1, dabba mai shayarwa da kyakkyawar dabi'a, kwatankwacin karamin llama ko rago mai dauke da curls a duk jikin sa. Ta hanyar nauyi, manya sun kai kilo 70.
Alpacas ana sanya su azaman dabbobi marasa ƙaranci, daga cikinsu akwai rukuni biyu kawai:
1. Alpaca Huacaya - iri-iri da aka fi sani, ana kwatanta shi da jaririn teddy don laushi mai laushi da kyau.
2. Alpaca Suri - rare ra'ayi. Ulu shine mafi inganci kuma mafi tsada, kwatankwacin dogaye da curls curls.
Alpacas suna wakiltar rukuni na dabbobi masu kafafun kafa kuma suna tafiya tare da tallafi akan yatsun yatsun. Ba za su iya tattake makiyaya kamar tumaki ko awaki ba, tun da ba su da kofato, amma kawai ƙwaro ne mai girma kamar ƙafa. Afafunsu masu yatsu biyu suna da ƙafafu masu lankwasa da m.
Babban fasalin dabbobi shine mai matukar tsayi da gashi mai tsayi, wanda yake da ƙimar su. Godiya ga tufafi mai kauri, alpacas ya daidaita zama a cikin babban yanki mai duwatsu. A cikin tsaunuka, yawan zafin jiki yana zuwa daga kwana ɗaya zuwa 300.
Wani fasalin dabbobi shine ikon shaƙa siririn iska. Gashinsu yana girma gaba ɗaya, ya kai 30 cm a gefuna, kuma yana da tsari mai kyau. Tsawon babban gashi da undercoat kusan iri ɗaya ne.
Inuwar launi daga fari zuwa launin ruwan kasa da baki, wani lokacin akwai alpacas tare da samfurin fari da launuka masu launin fata. Abubuwan halaye na musamman na ulu sune haske, taushi, haske, wanda aka kira shi "fiber na allahntaka".
Shin alpacas ƙwanƙwasa ƙananan leɓe da ƙwanƙwasa ƙarfi a kan ƙananan muƙamuƙi, yana ba su damar ciyar da nau'o'in tsire-tsire iri-iri. Dabbobi suna sadarwa da juna ba kawai ta alamun murya ba, har ma suna amfani da yaren jiki wanda ba a sani ga mutum ba: wani matsayi, matsayin kunnuwa, juyawar wuya.
Tsallake alpacas kuma llamas suna samar da zuriya mafi dacewa don rawar dabbobin gida. Huarisos, kamar yadda ake kiran su, ana bambanta su ta hanyar sauƙin gudanarwa, biyayya, halin kirki. Amma ba sa ba da zuriyarsu.
Wurin Alpaca da salon rayuwa
Kakannin alpacas, kamar yadda binciken DNA ya kafa, sun kasance vicuñas daga dangin raƙumi marasa ƙarfi, kuma llamas sun kasance dangi na kusa. Gidan su shine Kudancin Amurka, tsaunuka a cikin Andes.
Wannan yankin, a cikin dazuzzuka, duwatsu da kuma gaɓar teku, yana da kusan dabbobi miliyan 3. A wasu wuraren kuma, irin ba ya samun asali a cikin yanayi na dabi'a, duk da cewa ana fitar da dabbobi zuwa kasashen duniya da dama don kiwo da kiwon gida, sama da alpac 60,000 da ke zaune a Australia kadai, da kuma bakin hauren alpaca 10,000 a Ingila. Attemptsoƙarin ƙoƙari na daidaita alpacas a cikin yanayin Turai da Afirka sun ƙare.
Sha'awar ɗan adam a cikin alpacas ta samo asali ne tun zamanin da, kusan rabin karni na BC. Tsoffin Inka don mallakar ulu, nama da fatar dabbobi sun tsunduma cikin kiwo. Ko da taki aka yi amfani da shi - ya zama mai. Ana kiran ulu Alpaca zinariya na Incas. A yau, ga mazaunan Peru, Bolivia, Ecuador, Chile, yana da mahimmin samfurin fitarwa. Kuma ya kasance kuɗin gida na Incas.
Rayuwa a cikin tsaunuka, yanayin yanayi mai tsananin zafi, ana jure alpacas albarkacin dumi da dogon ulu wanda ya lullubesu musamman a gefe. Dangane da halaye masu kyau, ya ninka na tunkiya sau bakwai.
Dabbar Alpaca a cikin asalinta na asali, yana jagorantar daji ko rabin-daji, cikin bauta, salon rayuwa. Garkunan dabbobi suna kiwo a cikin yankuna masu tsaunuka na tsaunuka, kusan kusa da dusar ƙanƙara, inda babu abin da yake tsiro face ciyayi. Masu kiwon dabbobi ma suna shuka wasu tsire-tsire don ciyar da alpacas cikin makiyaya na gida.
A cikin rayuwa alpacas suna rayuwa cikin garken dabbobi... A cikin rana, suna aiki, kuma da dare akwai lokacin hutu. A wannan lokacin, kana buƙatar narke dukkan abincin da aka ci, waɗanda aka tara a rana.
Abokan gaba na dabbobi galibi 'yan damfara ne da damisa. Idan ƙananan maharan suka kawo hari, alpacas suna kare kansu da ƙafafunsu na gaba, suna bugun abokan gaba kuma suna tofa albarkacin bakinsu. A lokaci guda, suna yin sautunan da ke sanar da dangi game da haɗarin.
Alpaca a cikin bauta
Adana alpacas a cikin fursunoni ba shi da wahala, har ma Indiyawa sun taɓa iya sarrafa su. Ba sa buƙatar yanayi na musamman, tsari na musamman ko tsarin ciyarwa na musamman, saboda a cikin daji yanayin yanayin tsaunuka ya taurare su. Amma wani tabbatacce kulawar alpacalalle ne ana buƙata.
Yawancin lokaci suna gina ƙaramin paddock tare da alfarwa daga ruwan sama ko dusar ƙanƙara. Ba a buƙatar daki mai dumi ba, saboda ulu ta musamman kyakkyawa ce mai kyau. Ba su bambanta da cin abinci daga dabbobin gonaki na talauci. Abincin da aka fi so shine lasa gishiri.
A dabi'ance, dabbobi dabbobi ne masu matukar kyau da kirki, dangane da mutane suna masu biyayya ne kuma basa amsawa. Suna da son sani wanda zai iya cutar dasu idan wani abu ya dauke hankalinsu.
Suna da taurin kai sosai a cikin aniyar su. Kamar dai rakumi dangi ne, alpacas na iya tofawa. Amma suna yin hakan ne kawai a cikin muhallin su, galibi saboda rabon abinci. Mutane ba sa jin haushin wannan ɗabi'ar.
Saboda kyakkyawan halinsu, sadarwa tare da alpacas yana da matukar amfani ga ayyukan haɓaka tsakanin yara nakasassu da tsofaffi. Abin lura ne kawai a wasu lokuta dabbobi na nuna tsoro, saboda abin da kwatsam za su iya buga ƙafafunsu ko kai. Amma a cikin kwanciyar hankali, ba su taɓa kai hari ba.
Ana amfani da dabbobi azaman dabbobi masu ɗaukar nauyi, suna iya ɗaukar nauyin kilogiram 70. Amma ana adana alpacas galibi, ba shakka, saboda ulu, wanda yake da ƙimar gaske. A wani lokaci, masu arziki ne kawai ke sa tufafin da aka yi da ulu. Har yanzu tana ɗaya daga cikin mafiya tsada a yau.
Masu kiwo suna kashe kuɗi mai yawa wajen kawowa da kiwo alpaca. Sayi an yarda yara kawai a cikin nurseries na musamman. Dabbobin kiwo suna da matukar wahala.
Abincin Alpaca
Alpaca itace ciyawar ganye... Suna ciyar da ganye, ganye, kusan kowane nau'in ciyayi. Yayin binciken abinci, suna motsawa a hankali, suna neman tsire-tsire masu gina jiki. Ana buƙatar shayarwa na yau da kullun.
Sun banbanta da sauran dabbobin ta hanyar sifofin jikinsu, wanda yake basu damar tara abinci. Bakin alpaca yayi kama da leben kurege, maharan suna da kusurwa, suna girma koyaushe, kamar cikin beraye.
Alpacas ba su da ma'ana kuma mai taurin kai, mai karancin abinci fiye da tumakin da aka saba. A cikin bauta, ana ciyar da su ciyawa da ganye a lokacin rani, da ciyawa, kayan lambu, burodi da oatmeal a lokacin sanyi. Abincin zai iya zama daidai da na doki. Don samun ulu mai inganci na musamman, masu kiwo suna ƙara ma'adanai daban-daban a cikin abincin.
Sake haifuwa da tsawon rai na alpacas
A CIKIN garken alpacas yana da alpha na kansa, ko shugaba, zuwa wani wurin zama. Lokacin jimawa a cikin matanku yana kasancewa duk shekara. Dauke da maraki daya yana tsawon watanni 11. Tagwaye suna da wuya. Ana kawo zuriyar Alpaca sau ɗaya kawai a cikin shekaru biyu.
Jariri sabon haihuwa mai nauyin kilogiram 1 ya tashi zuwa ƙafafunsa cikin sa'a ɗaya. Launin rigarsa koyaushe cream ne mai laushi, amma yana canzawa daga baya. Shayar nono na tsawon watanni 6, lokacin da maraƙin ya kai nauyin 30 kilogiram.
Alananan alpacas sun isa balaga ta shekaru 2 da haihuwa. A karkashin yanayin yanayi, dabbobi na rayuwa har zuwa shekaru 25. Amma a cikin bauta, rayuwarsu, a matsayin mai mulkin, ta ƙare da shekaru 7.
Farashin Alpaca
Gidajen dabbobi don ulu aiki ne mai fa'ida. Yawancin tabarau na halitta, abubuwan antiseptic, rashin saukin birgima da juyawa, karko, rashin lanolin - jerin wadatattun abubuwa da sifofi na musamman.
Woolashin ofan ƙaramin dabba yana da mahimmanci da tsada. Daga mutum ɗaya a cikin shekaru biyu, har zuwa 1 kg an yanke shi sau ɗaya. Don kwatankwacin, dabba babba tana bada sama da kilogiram 5 na ulu. Sabili da haka, ana danganta farashin kayayyakin zuwa ga nau'ikan farashi masu tsada: gyale na alpaca da aka yi a Italianasar Italia yakai kimanin $ 400.
Fasahohin zamani suna ba da damar ƙirƙirar kayan haɗi na musamman. Cakuda acrylic da ulu alpaca - yarn Babban inganci. Mutane da yawa sun saba Bargon ulu alpaca, Katifu marasa inganci.
Fasalin kulawa gashin alpaca, gyale, shimfidar shimfida, darduma ko wasu abubuwa shine rashin yarda da amfani da naphthalene. An ba shi izinin amfani kawai da abubuwan antimole na ƙasa: lavender, taba ko itacen al'ul.
Alpaca ta yiwa mutane hidima sama da shekaru dubu, ta kasance wata halitta wacce ke kawo ba kawai fa'idodi a rayuwar tattalin arziki ba, har ma tana ba mutum wata alaka mai matukar muhimmanci da yanayin farko da tarihi.
Bayani game da abubuwa daga alpaca
- Na karanta abubuwa da yawa game da alpaca. Bayani kwarai, sayi bargo. Shekaru uku a matsayin sabo, bai tsufa ba ko datti kwata-kwata, kodayake duk dangin suna amfani da shi, musamman lokacin sanyi a cikin ɗakin a lokacin kaka.
- Sayi ulu alpaca a yau yana yiwuwa a ko'ina. Farashin ya ciji, amma yana da daraja. Na yarn alpaca yayi aiki na dogon lokaci, ana iya narkar da abubuwa da sanya bandeji bayan sanyawa, ba zasu ta'azzara ba. Babban abu shine cewa baya faduwa kamar sauran mutane.
- Kirkin Alpaca yanzu an daidaita shi ba kawai a waje ba, suna yi a St. Petersburg, Moscow. Zabin yana da girma, kawai farashin alpaca babba. Amma zaka iya sa shi tsawon yanayi ba tare da tunanin komai ba. Ba ya shafawa, mirginewa ko kaɗan. Alpaca!
- Na sayi rigar alpaca Babu wani abin da ya fi dacewa a samu a lokacin bazara. Ba zafi idan ya kara dumi, idan yayi sanyi ba na daskarewa. Abun gama gari ga yanayin rashin yanayi. A kan lakabin akwai yarn da aka yi da shi alpacas - Italiya, amma an dinka mana. Ina ba da shawara ga kowa.
