Bayani da fasali na tauraruwa
A ambaton tsuntsaye starling da yawa suna tuna yarintarsu da samartaka, yadda suka gina wa tsuntsaye gidaje, wadanda ake kira gidajen tsuntsaye.
A cikin hoton amethyst starling
Kodayake mutane da yawa basuyi tunani ba game da shi tun suna yara, mutane da yawa har yanzu suna da irin waɗannan ƙungiyoyin. Abun takaici, ba mutane da yawa suna da bayani game da rayuwar wannan tsuntsu mai ban mamaki, wasu ma da kyar suke tunanin yadda ainihin taurarin suke, amma ana iya gyara wannan ta hanyar kallo hoto na starlings kuma bayan karanta 'yan bayanai game da rayuwar wadannan tsuntsayen.
Da farko dai, zan so a lura da hakan starling na cikin dangin mai tauraro kuma yana cikin umarnin passerines. Starlings tsuntsaye ne masu matsakaici. Tsawon jikinsa yakai santimita 20, fukafukan sun kai santimita 13 a tsayi, tsawon wutsiyar ya kai santimita 6.
A lokacin tashi, fikafikan wani lokacin yakan kai kusan santimita 40. Da irin wannan karamin girman, tsuntsun yakai kimanin gram 75. Duk da kankantarta, wannan tsuntsun yakan fi jan hankali.
Launin tauraron dan adam ya bambanta da shekaru da kuma yanayi.
Launin waɗannan tsuntsayen ma yana da ban sha'awa, tunda ya danganta da shekaru da lokacin tsuntsayen, haka kuma dangane da halayen jima'i, yana iya zama daban. Starlings galibi suna da baƙar fata tare da halayyar ƙarfe. Amma kuma akwai wasu nau'ikan nau'ikan taurari waɗanda ke da koren shuɗi, shuɗi, shunayya ko ma layin tagulla na plumage.
A cikin bazara, suna da lokacin narkewa, wanda ke canza bayyanar tsuntsaye da muhimmanci. Starlings suna zama launin ruwan kasa, wani lokacin harma da launin toka da ruwan kasa. Sannan sannu a hankali wannan launi ya sake zama sananne ga idanun mutane, amma wannan canjin zai ɗauki ɗan lokaci kaɗan.
Generationananan samari na tauraruwa, waɗanda basu riga sun narke ba, suma sun bambanta da launin su. Tsuntsaye launin ruwan kasa ne mara laushi, fuka-fukai basu da haske na musamman, wani lokacin fararen tabo ana bayyane a ƙasan jikin. Fuka-fukan samari masu tauraro suna da siffa mai zagaye, yayin da a manya manya reshe yana da kaifi.
Amma ba wai kawai launin fuka-fukan fuka-fukai ne ke canzawa a cikin wannan tsuntsu ba, baki yana da fasali iri daya. Slightlyan lanƙwasa mai kaifi, mai kaifi kuma mai ɗan tsayi yana da abin da ake kira "tasirin hawainiya", wanda yake kamar haka: a lokacin saduwa, baki yana zama rawaya, wannan wata alama ce da ke nuna cewa tsuntsuwar a shirye take ta sadu kuma ta haifi zuriya. Sauran lokaci, baken tauraro mai launin baki ne.
Abu ne mai sauqi ka rarrabe mace da namiji ta hanyar halaye guda biyu - baki da labule. A baki baki na tsuntsun, za ka iya ganin wani ɗan ƙaramin ɗaki, wani nau'i na tabo, wanda a cikin maza ke da launi mai ƙyalli, amma a cikin mace speck zai zama ja.
Idan ka kalli laman, to akwai banbancin jinsi: a cikin mata, gashin fuka-fuka a kan ciki da nono za su fi guntu, amma yankin kirjin na maza zai fi dogon gashin. Feetafafun Starlings launin ruwan kasa-ja ne. Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa ita ce tsuntsu yana tafiya a ƙasa tare da matakai, kuma ba ya yin tsalle.
Yanayi da salon rayuwar tauraruwa
Game da tauraruwa galibi ana maganarsu a matsayin manyan mawaƙa kuma wannan ba daidaituwa ba ce. Wannan tsuntsu yana da halaye iri-iri. Muryar su tana haifar da sautuka kama da bushewa, rawar jiki, raɗawa da ma meowing.
Wannan shi ne saboda gaskiyar cewa starlings suna da kyautar onomatopoeia. An san su da iya ɗoki da yin muryar baƙar fata, warblers, larks, orioles, quails, har ma da jays.
Saboda haka, ba abin mamaki ba ne cewa starling yana raira waƙa ta kowace hanya. Wasu taurari suna maimaita raira waƙoƙin tsuntsaye masu ban sha'awa waɗanda ke zaune a cikin ƙasashe masu zafi inda taurari ke ƙaura.
Saurari muryar tauraruwa
An yi imani da cewa komai taurari sun tashi kudu... Koyaya, wannan ba haka bane. Matsayin ƙaura a cikin ƙasashen Turai ya bambanta kuma kai tsaye ya dogara da yanayin yanayi na wani yanki.
Saurin tashi zuwa kasashe masu zafi yana girma daga yamma zuwa gabas. Starlings tashi zuwa kudancin Turai, arewa maso yamma na Afirka da Indiya, a nan a ina za ku sami taurari a lokacin sanyi. Tsuntsaye suna tashi daga farkon Satumba zuwa tsakiyar Oktoba.
Tsuntsaye suna komawa gidajensu na shuɗewa da wuri, a wani wuri a watan Fabrairu - farkon Maris, lokacin da har yanzu akwai dusar ƙanƙara a yankuna da yawa. An dauki Skvortsov a matsayin mafi kyawun alama, gwargwadon yadda, tare da bayyanar waɗannan tsuntsayen, bazara ta shigo cikin cikakkiyar haƙƙin ta, tana dumama komai kusa da danshi kuma tana ba da farin ciki mai yawa ga rayayyar yanayi.
Maza sun fara zuwa, kuma matan na bayyana ne kawai bayan fewan kwanaki, ko ma bayan mako guda. Wannan alama ce ta hijirar wannan nau'in tsuntsaye masu tashi.
Jirgin sama na tauraruwar taurari abu ne na musamman. Tsuntsayen suna taruwa cikin manya-manyan garken tsuntsaye dubu da yawa, kuma a lokaci guda, a daidaikance kuma suna da kyan gani sosai suna tashi sama, suna yin kowane juzu'i iri ɗaya.
Wani lokaci irin waɗannan jiragen na iya haifar da ɗan damuwa ga mazaunan birni. Lokacin da babbar garken suka yi ƙaura, dusar ƙanƙaniyar taurari na iya zama da ƙarfi har ya wuce sautin zirga-zirgar gari a kan titi mai cunkoson mutane.
A dabi'ance, tauraruwar taurari suna da tsayayyen tsuntsaye. Suna da ikon kasancewa masu gasa da gaske ga wasu jinsunan, musamman a cikin gwagwarmaya don mafi kyawun wurin zama.
Sake haifuwa da tsawon rayuwar taurari
Lura da rayuwar wadannan tsuntsayen daji sun nuna cewa taurarin dan adam basu wuce shekaru 12 ba. Koyaya, wannan lokacin ya isa ya haifi magada fiye da ƙarni ɗaya.
Lokacin daddawa yana farawa ne don tauraro a cikin bazara, lokacin da tsuntsayen suka koma ƙasashensu na asali. Da zaran namiji ya iso, kuma ya fara yi, saboda matan na bayyana kadan daga baya yayin lokacin ƙaura, nan da nan ya fara neman kyakkyawan wurin zama.
Gidan tsuntsaye, rami ko kowane rami, alal misali, a bangon tsohon gini ko gidan da aka watsar, ya dace da wannan. Da zaran namiji ya zabi "gida", sai ya zauna kusa da shi ya fara rera waka da karfi. Wannan waƙar alama ce cewa an mamaye wurin kuma a lokaci guda yana aiki don jan hankalin mata.
Lokacin da nau'i-nau'i suka samo asali, to fara gini yana farawa, wanda duka suna da hannu. Gida an gina ta ne daga gashin dabbobi, bishiyoyi, ganye, tushe, gansakuka da sauran kayan. Namiji na iya samun ƙaramar yarinya kuma ya kula da mata da yawa lokaci guda.
Hannun da aka saba da shi ya ƙunshi ƙwai 4-6, waɗanda ke da launi mai launin shuɗi mai launin shuɗi ba tare da ɗigogi da sauran abubuwan haɗuwa ba. Kowane kwai nauyinsa ya wuce gram 6 kawai. 'Ya'yan galibinsu mata ne ke sanyawa, kuma namiji zai iya maye gurbin ta yayin da take cin abinci. Lokacin shiryawa yana ɗaukar kimanin kwanaki 12.
Kaji ana haihuwar marasa ƙarfi da nutsuwa. Namiji da mata suna barin kajin a cikin gida kuma suna tashi don neman abinci a gare su, yayin yin hakan a lokaci guda. Ananan yara suna ciyar da abinci mai laushi da farko, kuma yayin da suka girma, iyayensu suna kawo musu abinci mara kauri: ciyawa, katantanwa, manyan kwari. A cikin kwanaki 23 bayan haihuwa, kajin a shirye suke su bar gida su zauna da kansu.
Ciyarwa mai cin abinci
Abincin Starlings ya kunshi abinci na tsire-tsire da abinci na asalin dabbobi. A farkon lokacin bazara, lokacin da rana ta fara ɗumi, ƙwaran duniya masu yawan gaske suna bayyana, waɗanda taurari ke ci da yardar rai. Suna kuma cin tsutsan ƙwayoyin kwari iri-iri, waɗanda galibi suna bacci a cikin bawon bishiyoyi.
A lokacin rani, abincin abinci na tauraron dan adam ya ƙunshi ƙwayoyin ciyawa, butterflies, caterpillars da tsutsotsi. Amma a lokaci guda, ba sa kyamar cin abincin shuka: tsaba na tsire-tsire iri-iri, 'ya'yan itatuwa akan bishiyoyi, misali, pears, apples, plums or cherries.
Consideredungiyar taurari ana ɗaukarsa abu ne mai haɗari ga ƙasar noma, saboda yana iya haifar da babbar illa. Filin hatsi da gonakin inabi galibi ana barazanar su kuma suna iya zama ƙasa mafi fifiko don tsuntsaye.
