Okapi, wanene wannan? Dabba Okapi. Okapi hoto

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Bayani da siffofin okapi

Dabba Okapi, wanda ake kira artiodactyls da sunan mai gano shi Johnston, yana wakiltar jinsinsa a cikin sifa ɗaya. Duk da cewa ana la’akari da dan uwansa rakumin dawa, okapi more kamar doki.

Lallai, baya, galibi ƙafafu, launuka ne kamar zebra. Har yanzu, bai shafi dawakai ba. Akasin ra'ayin ra'ayi, tare da kangaroo, okapi ba shi da komai.

Lokacin buɗewa okapi - rakumin daji rakumin daji“, Yayi ainihin abin mamaki, kuma hakan ya faru ne a cikin ƙarni na 20. Kodayake bayanin farko game da shi an riga an san shi a ƙarshen karni na 19. Shahararren matafiyi Stanley ne ya wallafa su, wanda ya ziyarci dazukan Congo. Ya kasance, don sanya shi a hankali, yana mamakin bayyanar wannan halittar.

Bayaninsa ya zama abin ba'a ga mutane da yawa. Local John Johnston ya yanke shawarar bincika wannan baƙon labarin. Tabbas, a zahiri, bayanin ya zama gaskiya - jama'ar yankin sun san wannan dabbar sosai, ana kiranta da yare "okapi".

Da farko dai, ana kiran wannan sabon nau'in "dokin Johnston", amma bayan sun yi nazarin dabba a hankali, sai suka danganta ta da dabbobin da suka daɗe da ɓacewa daga doron ƙasa, kuma hakan okapi kusa da raƙuman daji fiye da dawakai.

Dabbar tana da laushi mai laushi, launin ruwan kasa, tare da jan launi. Kafafu farare ne ko kirim. An zana bakin bakin baki da fari. Maza suna alfahari da sanya gajeren ƙaho, mata ba sa da ƙarfi. Jiki ya kai tsayi har zuwa mita 2, jelar tana da tsayi kimanin cm 40. Tsayin dabba ya kai cm 1.70. Maza sun fi mata gajarta kaɗan.

Nauyin nauyi zai iya kaiwa daga 200 zuwa 300 kg. Wani fasali mai ban mamaki na okapi shine harshe - shuɗi kuma tsayinsa yakai cm 30. Tare da dogon harshe, yana lasar idanu da kunnuwa, yana tsabtace su sosai.

Manyan kunnuwa suna da matukar damuwa. Gandun daji bai baka damar hango nesa ba, saboda haka kyakkyawan jin salo da jin wari ne kawai zai iya tseratar da kai daga kamun maharan. Muryar a bushe take, fiye da tari.

Maza suna kiyaye ɗayan ɗaya, kasancewa daban daga mata da ɗiya. Yana aiki ne galibi da rana, yana ƙoƙarin ɓoyewa da dare. Kamar rakumin dawa, yakan ciyar da ganyaye daga bishiyoyi, yana fisge su da harshe mai ƙarfi da sassauƙa.

Gajeren wuyan baya bada damar cin sama, ana fifita dukkan fifiko ga ƙananan. Hakanan menu ya hada da fern, 'ya'yan itace, ganye da namomin kaza. Yana da hanzari kuma yana cin plantsan tsire-tsire. Ana biya don rashin ma'adinai, dabbar tana cin gawayi da yumɓu mai laushi.

Mata suna da iyakokin iyakokin mallaka, kuma suna nuna yankin da fitsari da wani abu mai ƙamshi, mai kamshi daga glandon da yake kan ƙafafu. Lokacin sanya alamar yanki, suma suna shafa wuyansu akan itacen. A cikin maza, an ba da izinin tsallakawa tare da yankin na sauran maza.

Amma baƙi ba kyawawa bane, kodayake mata banda ne. Okapi ya ci gaba daya bayan daya, amma wani lokacin kungiyoyi na kirkiro na wani karamin lokaci, ba a san dalilan faruwarsu ba. Sadarwa sauti ce mai kumburi da tari.

Wurin Okapi

Okapi wata dabba ce mai saurin gaske, kuma daga ƙasashe a ina okapi ke zamayankin Kongo kawai aka wakilta. Okapi yana zaune a cikin dazuzzuka masu yawa, waɗanda suke da arziki a yankunan gabas da arewacin ƙasar, alal misali, yanayin Maiko.

Yana faruwa galibi a tsawan daga 500 m zuwa 1000 m sama da matakin teku, a cikin tsaunuka masu yawan daji. Amma ana samun sa a fili, kusa da ruwa. Yana son daidaita okapi, inda akwai dazuzzuka da yawa, wanda a ciki akwai saukin ɓoyewa.

Ba a san takamaiman lambar ba takamaiman. Yaƙe-yaƙe na yau da kullun a cikin ƙasa ba su ba da gudummawa ga zurfin nazarin shuke-shuke da fauna na cikin gida. Alkaluman farko sun nuna kawunan okapi dubu 15-18 da ke zaune a Jamhuriyar Congo.

Abun takaici, sare bishiyoyi, wanda yake lalata mazaunin yawancin dabbobi na cikin gida, yana cutar da yawan okapi. Saboda haka, an daɗe an jera shi a cikin Littafin Ja.

Sake haifuwa da tsawon rai

A lokacin bazara, maza sukan fara gabatar da mata, suna shirya kisan kiyashi, galibi na yanayin nunawa, suna tursasa wuyansu. Bayan ɗaukar ciki, mace tana tafiya da ciki sama da shekara guda - kwana 450. Haihuwa na faruwa galibi lokacin damina. Kwanakin farko tare da jaririn suna ɓarewa a cikin keɓewa, a cikin gandun daji. A lokacin haihuwa, yana da nauyin kilogram 15 zuwa 30.

Ciyarwa na ɗaukar kimanin watanni shida, amma wani lokacin yakan fi tsayi - har zuwa shekara. A cikin tsarin tarbiyya, mace ba ta rasa ganin jariri ba, koyaushe tana kiransa da muryarta. Idan akwai haɗari ga na baya, yana iya afkawa mutum koda.

Bayan shekara guda, ƙahonin suna fara ɓarkewa a cikin maza, kuma har zuwa shekara uku sun riga sun zama manya. Tun daga shekara biyu, an riga an ɗauke su da balaga. Okapis yana rayuwa cikin zaman talala har zuwa shekaru talatin, a yanayi ba a san shi tabbatacce ba.

Okapi ya fara bayyana a gidan Zoo na Antwerp. Amma nan da nan ya mutu, yana zaune a can, ba daɗewa ba. Bayan haka, zuriyar farko daga okapi, wanda aka samu a zaman talala, suma sun mutu. Sai a tsakiyar karni na 20, suka koyi yadda ake samun nasarar kirkirar shi cikin yanayin sararin sama.

Wannan dabba ce mai tsananin son zuciya - baya jure canje-canje na zafin jiki kwatsam, yana buƙatar tsawan iska mai danshi. Hakanan yakamata a kusanci kayan abinci tare da tsananin kulawa. Wannan hankalin yana ba da onlyan tsira damar rayuwa a cikin gidan namun daji a ƙasashen arewacin, inda sanyin hunturu ya zama ruwan dare. Akwai ma mafi qarancin su a cikin tarin keɓaɓɓu.

Amma a cikin 'yan shekarun nan, an sami babban nasara a cikin kiwo da aka kama. Bugu da ƙari, an sami zuriyar - tabbatacciyar alama ce ta daidaitawar dabba zuwa yanayin da ba a saba da shi ba.

Suna ƙoƙari su sanya ƙananan dabbobi a cikin gidan namun daji - suna saurin daidaitawa da yanayin ƙofar. Haka kuma, dabbar da aka kama kwanan nan dole ne a keɓe ta keɓewa.

A can suna ƙoƙari kada su sake damun shi kuma, idan zai yiwu, su ba shi abincin da aka saba kawai. Tsoron mutane, yanayin da ba a sani ba, abinci, yanayi dole ne ya wuce. In ba haka ba, okapi na iya mutuwa saboda damuwa - ba sabon abu bane. A wata 'yar alamar hatsari, sai ya fara hanzarin kewaye cikin sel a cikin fargaba da firgita, zuciyarsa da tsarinsa na jin tsoro ba za su iya jure nauyin ba.

Da zaran ya huce, sai a kai shi gidan ajiye dabbobi ko masu zaman kansu. Wannan shi ne gwaji mafi wuya ga dabbar daji. Tsarin sufuri ya zama mai sauƙi kamar yadda zai yiwu.

Bayan tsarin karbuwa, fara shi ba tare da jin tsoron rayuwar dabbar gidan ba. An keɓe maza daga mata. Kada a sami haske da yawa a cikin aviary, yana barin yanki mai haske guda ɗaya.

Idan ta yi sa'a, kuma macen za ta haifi 'ya'ya, nan take za a kebe ta a wani lungu mai duhu, tana kwaikwayon wani daji mai dajin, inda take komawa bayan rago a yanayi. Tabbas, ba koyaushe bane ake iya ciyar dashi kawai tare da shuke-shuken Afirka kamar yadda aka saba, amma ana maye gurbinsa da shuke-shuke daga bishiyoyin bishiyoyi, kayan lambu na gida da ganye, har ma da masu fasa. Duk herbivores suna son su. A saka gishiri, toka da alli (alli, ƙwai, da sauransu) a cikin abinci.

Okapi daga baya ya saba da mutane har baya jin tsoron shan magani kai tsaye daga hannun sa. Suna wayo da kyau da harshensu suna aika shi cikin bakinsu. Yayi kama da nishadantarwa, wanda ke haifar da sha'awar baƙi ga wannan baƙon halittar.

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Kalli bidiyon: OKAPI (Nuwamba 2024).