Apollo - kyakkyawa mai ban mamaki da kuma musamman malam buɗe ido. Gabaɗaya, dangane da halayenta na waje, bai bambanta sosai da sauran nau'ikan tsarin Lepidoptera ba. Kwarin sun banbanta ne kawai a launinta na musamman. Gaba ɗaya, butterflies dabbobi ne da ba a saba da su ba. Yaran da yawa suna son kama su don nishaɗi, amma ku tuna cewa wannan na iya zama barazana ga rayuwarta. Mutum zai iya lalata fikafikan kwari ba zato ba tsammani, wanda hakan zai haifar da rashin iya tashiwa.
Asalin jinsin da bayanin
Hotuna: Apollo
Apollo a kanta sunan da ba a saba da shi ba don malam buɗe ido. Ba shi da wuya a yi tsammani cewa an ba ta takamaiman sunan don girmama allahn Girkawa, wanda ɗan Zeus da Leto ne, ɗan'uwan Artemis kuma kyakkyawa ce da haske.
Kamar yadda muka gani a baya, Apollo bashi da bambanci sosai daga girman Lepidoptera. Gaban gaba yana da tsakaita tsawon milimita 37 zuwa 40. Fuka-fukan fikafikan biyu yawanci milimita 75 zuwa 80. Babban kwari na iya kaiwa girman 5 santimita har zuwa matakin kokon.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa: Namiji yafi na mace. Mace ta kai daga milimita 83 zuwa 86
Wannan nau'in kusan shine mafi sananne tsakanin butterflies a duk Turai. Ita ce babbar Parnassius irinta.
Bayyanar abubuwa da fasali
Hotuna: Apollo
Apollo - malam buɗe ido tare da bayyana mai ban mamaki da halayensa. A cikin kwari, fuka-fuki galibi fari ne. Wasu lokuta sukan dauki inuwa mai laushi mai laushi. A gefen gefunan fikafikan, daga waje, za ka iya ganin yalwataccen yadi wanda yake akwai ɗigon fari, wanda ya haɗu zuwa gajeriyar madaidaiciya kusa da jiki. Dangane da adadin waɗannan tabo sosai, bai wuce 10 ba, sai dai in Apollo yana da wata karkace. 5 daga cikinsu baƙi ne, waɗanda suke saman fikafikan sama, kuma wasu 5 masu launin ja sun bayyana a ƙasan fikafikan, waɗanda kuma suna da siffar zagaye.
Apollo yana da kulab ɗin baƙar fata akan eriya, wanda baƙon abu ba ne ga malam buɗe ido gaba ɗaya. Kwarin na da manyan idanu masu santsi tare da kananan tarin fuka wanda kanana ke kara girma. Kirjin Apollo da ciki suma an rufe su da ƙananan gashin azurfa. Wannan nau'in yana da cikakkiyar fahimtar jima'i. Mata suna da haske sosai kuma suna da ban mamaki idan aka kwatanta su da maza. Kwarin da kwanan nan suka bar jansu suna da launi rawaya a fukafukan su.
Apollo, yayin matakin caterpillar, baƙar fata ne mai launi tare da yawan ɗigon fari. Hakanan akwai dunƙulen baƙin villi ko'ina cikin jiki. A cikin girma, tana tasowa warts masu launin shuɗi da ɗigon ja-lemu biyu.
Ina Apollo yake zaune?
Hotuna: Apollo
Ana iya samun wannan malam buɗe ido na musamman a filayen Turai. A matsayin mazaunin sa, yakan zabi gefuna da manyan sarari a cikin irin nau'ikan dazuzzuka kamar itacen pine, pine-oak da deciduous. Wadannan wurare yakamata suyi dumu dumu, tunda ga Apollo, hasken rana abu ne mai matukar mahimmanci a rayuwarta. A Turai, ana iya samun wannan nau'in a cikin Rasha.
Duk da kaunar sa ga gefen daji da farin ciki, Apollo ya fi son zama a kan tsaunuka. A can, ana iya samun malam buɗe ido a cikin gandun daji na pine da ke kusa da kogunan tsaunuka da rafuka. Wani lokaci wannan nau'in na iya tashi sama zuwa char. Lokaci zuwa lokaci, ana iya samun Apollo a cikin makiyaya mai ƙanƙan da kai da gangaren tsaunuka masu furanni, amma a tsawan da bai fi mita 2500 sama da matakin teku ba.
Idan mukayi magana game da mazaunin wannan jinsin, to ya zama dole a farko a lura da mafi yawan al'ummu na abubuwa:
- Norway
- Sweden
- Kasar Finland
- Faransa
- Ukraine da sauransu
A yankin ƙasar Rasha, ana iya samun Apollo a cikin Smolensk, Moscow, Yaroslavl da sauran yankuna da yawa.
Menene Apollo ke ci?
Hotuna: Apollo
Abincin na malam buɗe ido kamar Apollo bai bambanta sosai da sauran wakilan kwari masu fuka-fukai masu kama da juna ba. Babban abincin su shine pollen, wanda su, suke yawo, suna tattarawa daga furanni daban-daban. Apollo ya fi son tsire-tsire na Compositae, wato, sarƙaƙƙiya, tsallake-tsallake, masarar masara, masassarar masara, oregano, knotweed da kowane irin kabeji. Don neman abinci, wannan nau'in yana iya tashi mai nisa sosai, musamman kusan kilomita 5 kowace rana.
Kamar kowane butterflies, Apollo yana ciyarwa akan proboscis dinsa, wanda zai iya shiga cikin zurfin shukar. Tare da taimakon sa, kwari zasu iya samun tsakar itace daga furen da suke so. A lokacin hutu tsakanin abinci, proboscis na karkace yana cikin halin rushewa.
Wannan jinsin a matakin kattir yana da yawan cin abinci. Bayan kwai daga ƙwai ya faru, dabba fara neman abinci. Caterpillar ya cinye duka ganyen shukar da yake so, sannan nan take ya koma wata sabuwa.
Fasali na ɗabi'a da salon rayuwa
Hotuna: Apollo
Apollo hanyar rayuwarta kusan ba ta da bambanci da sauran wakilan malam buɗe ido. Babban kololuwar aikin sa ya faɗi da rana. Da yamma, yana nitsewa cikin ciyawa don ya kwana kuma ya ɓoye daga yiwuwar abokan gaba.
Da rana, butterflies suna tashi a hankali, suna rufe gajeren tazara daga abu zuwa abu. Lokacin da muke amfani da kalmar abu, tabbas muna nufin shuke shuke daban daban.
Mata suna yin yawancin rayuwarsu a cikin ciyawa. Idan suka hango wani hadari dake gabatowa, to nan take su tashi sama, zasu iya tashi ba tare da tsayawa zuwa tazarar tazarar mita 100 ba. Idan maƙiya na ɗabi'a suka kama malam buɗe ido lokacin da take bacci, to da sauri ta juya baya ta buɗe fukafukinta, tana nuna jajayen wurarenta, don haka tana ƙoƙarin tsoratar da mahautan. Hakanan zata iya yin ƙafafun ƙafarta ta ƙasan fikafikan. Wannan yana taimaka mata wajen ƙirƙirar amon busawa da kusan ba'a jin mutum.
Tsarin zamantakewa da haifuwa
Hotuna: Apollo
Lokacin kiwo na Apollo shine lokacin bazara. Mata suna shirye su sadu nan da nan bayan sun fito daga pupae, kuma maza na tsawon kwanaki 2-3. Bayan saduwa, sai namiji ya samar da wata cuta ta mata tare da kayan aikinsa na jima'i, wani karin haske ne wanda baya bata damar saduwa da wani. Bugu da ari, mace tana shimfidawa har zuwa daruruwan fari, zagaye, 1.5 mm a kewaya daya bayan daya ko a gungu a bangarori daban-daban na shukar ko kusa da ita. Suna kyankyashe katanga masu baƙar fata tare da ƙyallen dogon gashi, wanda aka zana a gefunan cikin lemu mai yaushi. Hakanan suna da wartsan karfe-shuɗu a kowane yanki da kuma jan osmetrium, wanda daga shi ake fesa ƙamshi mai ƙyama a lokacin barazana.
A ranakun da suka bayyana, kwari masu girma suna cin ganye a kan ganyayyaki iri daban-daban na dutse - wannan ita ce tsiron fodder ɗin su. Dogaro da filin, kwari kuma na iya ciyarwa a kan dusar ƙanƙara. Ba sa daina cin abinci har sai ƙwarjinsu na waje ya zama mai matsewa da ƙarfi, sa'annan narkewa ya auku, ana maimaita sau 5 kafin mataki na gaba.
Caterpillar sau da yawa yana cizon dutse, sai ya faɗi ƙasa ya cinye har ƙarshen ya riga ya kasance a ƙasa. Pupation ma yana faruwa a can. Wannan matakin yana ɗaukar kimanin makonni biyu. Pufin ya kai 18-24 mm tsayi kuma yana farkon launin ruwan kasa mai haske tare da mahaɗan haske da ƙyalƙyali masu launin ruwan kasa, washegari kuma sai yayi duhu kuma ya rufe da shuɗin fure mai shuɗi. Wannan matakin rashin motsi. Bayan duk wannan hanya mai wahala, kyakkyawa malam buɗe ido na Apollo an haife shi daga pupa.
Abokan gaba na apollo
Hotuna: Apollo
Apollo, kamar sauran malam buɗe ido, yana da abokan gaba da yawa. Irin waɗannan wakilan fauna kamar tsuntsaye, wasps, mantises na sallah, kwaɗi da mazari ana ɗaukarsu masu haɗari gare su. Daga lokaci zuwa lokaci, wannan malam buɗe ido baya ƙyamar cin abinci akan nau'ikan gizo-gizo, ƙadangare, bishiyoyi da kyanwa. Babban ɓangare na waɗannan maƙiyan guda ɗaya na iya kama Apollo da mamaki a dare yayin hutunsa ko da rana, lokacin da kwari ya tsugunna kan tsire-tsire.
Tabbas, ba za mu iya mantawa da irin wannan abokin gaba kamar mutum ba. Kamar yadda muka lura a baya, ƙananan yara suna kama malam buɗe ido don nishaɗi. Wannan na iya lalata ayyukan su kai tsaye. Koda bayan mutum ya saki kwaro daga cikin ragarsa, wataƙila ba zai tashi sama ba, saboda lalacewar mahimman sassan jiki na iya faruwa.
Yawan jama'a da matsayin jinsin
Hotuna: Apollo
Yawan jama'ar malam buɗe ido na Apollo yana cikin wahala. Wannan nau'in yana da matukar rauni. Lambarta tana raguwa cikin bala'i cikin sauri kowace shekara. A baya, waɗannan kyawawan kwarin lepidopteran sun rayu a ƙasashen Turai da yawa, amma a halin yanzu sun kasance a fewan wurare.
Yawancin mutane yanzu ana iya samun su a Gabashin Fennoxandia. Abun takaici, a halin yanzu jinsin yana gab da bacewa kuma ya zama ba safai ba ga wadancan wuraren da a baya za a iya samun wannan kyakkyawan malam buɗe ido ba tare da wahala mai yawa ba. Wannan yanayin ya samo asali ne daga tattakewa akai-akai, gobara, garma kusa da ƙauyuka, inda malam buɗe ido na Apollo yawanci ke rayuwa da haifuwa. Kusan ba su da saurin yin hijira, don haka suka mutu, kusan ba su da damar rayuwa daga jinsunan da ke zaune a yankin da suka lalata. Sabili da haka, yayin da kuke damuwa da tsoma baki tare da kewayon malam buɗe ido, adadin su ke raguwa.
Dole ne a dauki matakai don hana irin wannan raguwar ƙarancin lambar malam buɗe ido na Apollo. Zamuyi magana akan matakan tsaro a sashe na gaba.
Apollo mai gadi
Hotuna: Apollo
Apollo yana da matsayin kiyayewa na VU, wanda ke nufin cewa wannan nau'in a halin yanzu yana cikin haɗarin zama cikin haɗari. Statusungiyar Internationalasa ta Duniya don Kula da Yanayi ce ta ba da wannan matsayin ga malam buɗe ido.
Hakanan ana iya ganin wannan kwaron a littafin Red Book na Rasha, Ukraine, Belarus, Jamus, Sweden, Norway, Finland. Apollo shima yana nan a cikin jerin sunayen dabbobin da aka baiwa takamaiman matsayin kiyayewa. Ana iya ganin malam buɗe ido a cikin Tambov, Moscow, Smolensk da sauran yankuna.
Sashin SPEC3 an sanya shi zuwa Apollo a cikin Littafin Bayanai na Baƙin Rana na Europeanasar Turai. Yana nufin cewa wannan nau'in yana rayuwa a duka yankin Turai da kuma bayan iyakokinta, amma, na farkon suna cikin barazanar halaka.
A cikin Rasha da Poland, an gudanar da ayyukan don dawo da yawan wannan nau'in. A ƙarshe, ba su samar da sakamako na dogon lokaci ba. Da farko dai, zamu taimaka wa wadannan malam buɗe ido don haɓaka a cikin daji, musamman don ƙirƙirar sarari, dakatar da sare dazuzzuka, da fara shuka tsire-tsire masu ɗauke da tsire-tsire.
Apollo - malam buɗe ido, wanda a halin yanzu ba safai ake samun sa a daji ba. Ba boyayye bane cewa yawan jama'arta ya fara raguwa. Wannan gaskiyar ta tabbatar da bayanan da muka samo a cikin Littattafan Bayanai na Red bayanai na ƙasashe da yankuna daban-daban. Manya suna bukatar yin hankali da mahalli, kuma yara suna bukatar su tuna cewa irin wannan nishaɗin kamar kama malam buɗe ido da raga na iya haifar da ƙarancin nau'in.
Ranar bugawa: 04/27/2020
Ranar sabuntawa: 04/27/2020 da karfe 2:03
