Etwaro ƙwaro irin ƙwaro

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Kusan duk wanda ya huta a bakin tabki ko kogi sun haɗu ƙwaro ruwa... Wannan kwaro mai rikitarwa mahaukaci ne kuma yana afkawa halittun ruwa da yawa. Wadannan ƙwaro ba sa nuna zalunci ga mutane, amma idan suna jin barazanar, za su iya ciji. Cizon ƙwaro mai haɗari ba shi da haɗari ga rayuwar ɗan adam, amma dai yana da zafi.

Asalin jinsin da bayanin

Photo: Kwasfar ƙwaro

Swimmingwaro irin ƙwaro yana wakiltar dangin kwari na cikin ruwa daga yawancin tsari na ƙwaro. Gabaɗaya, akwai kusan nau'ikan 4000 na waɗannan halittu, ana samun 300 daga cikinsu a yankin ƙasar Rasha. Sunan Latin don ƙwarin ƙwaro Dytiscus an fassara shi azaman "ruwa". An samo tsoffin burbushin wannan kwarin a Kazakhstan kuma na zamanin Jurassic ne.

Bidiyo: Kwasfar ƙwaro

Daga cikin dukkanin masu ninkaya, yawancin nau'ikan da ke da ban sha'awa don karatu ana iya bambanta su:

  • iyakar kwari ita ce mafi yaduwa kuma mafi girma. Jikinta launuka ne baƙar fata tare da halayyar orange mai halayyar, ƙafafun ma masu haske ne ƙwarai;
  • babban ƙwaro, ƙwanƙwasa ruwa - babban fasalin sa shine larvae sun fi girma girma fiye da manya kuma suna iya girma har zuwa 6 cm a tsayi;
  • canza launin launuka masu faɗi ba su da yawa - daga launin ruwan kasa mai duhu zuwa baƙar fata mai launin kore. A wasu ƙasashe, an lasafta shi a cikin Littafin Ja;
  • kurkure ko phalarope - ƙanƙane a cikin girma, sananne ne a Rasha;
  • jirgin ruwan ruwa shi ne mafi ƙarancin wakilin wasan ƙwallon ninkaya. Akwai gulbi da kuma lebur. Jikin na farko an lullubeshi da gashi mai wuya.

Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa: Vaananan ƙwayoyin berayen ruwa suna narkar da abinci a wajen jikinsu ta amfani da wani ruwa mai guba na musamman da aka saka wa wanda aka cutar. Tsutsa suna tsotse abubuwan gina jiki daga gareshi a cikin sigar narkewar gaba ɗaya.

Bayyanar abubuwa da fasali

Photo: Yadda ƙwaro ya yi kama

Girman manya masu iyo, launi na iya bambanta dangane da nau'in. Tsawon jiki na mafi ƙanƙantan samfuran bai wuce 3-4 mm ba, manya-manyan samfuran sun kai 4.5-5.5 cm. Jikin imago yana da faɗi da faɗi, wanda ya dace da motsi a ƙarƙashin ruwa. Limafannun baya suna da tsokoki mai kyau. Coveredafafun kafafu da ƙafafun kafa suna lulluɓe da gashin roba. Hanyar motsi a cikin rukunin ruwa yayi kama da kwale-kwale. Kafafun gaba da na tsakiya na kwaron sun fi ƙasa da na baya baya.

Jikin ƙwayar ƙwaro yana da sassa uku: kai, nono, ciki. An kafa kai a kan kirji, ba motsi kuma ya wuce zuwa cikin ciki ba tare da iyakoki bayyanannu ba. A gefen kawunan mai faɗi da faɗi, akwai manyan idanu kuma kowannensu yana da idanu 9000 na yau da kullun, godiya ga abin da kwari ke iya rarrabe rarrabe abubuwa masu motsi. Ciki na ƙwaro ya ƙunshi sassa takwas, waɗanda ke da kariya ta tsayayyen elytra.

Muƙamuƙin mai ƙarfi yana bayan leɓe na sama. Na'urar bakin bakin nau'in cizon ci ne, an tsara muƙamuƙan don kamewa da saurin taunawa. Ofungiyar ƙamshi dogon gashin baki ne mai sassa 11. Kworon ruwa suna numfasawa tare da taimakon ramuka na musamman dake cikin ciki. Hadadden tsarin tracheal yana ta shewa daga spiracles, kuma akwai jakunkunan iska a cikin kirji. Ta hanyar kwancewa da matse ciki, ƙwaro mai kama da ruwa yana haifar da iska a cikin bututun iska.

Launin jikin larvae na ƙwaro mai ruwan kasa launin ruwan kasa ne, rawaya, launin toka, wani lokacin jiki yana rufe da zane. Beananan ƙwaro suna kama da kunama. Kan su yadace, nono yanada kashi uku, kuma cikin yanada bangarori 8. Babu buɗa baki kuma abinci yana shiga ta cikin muƙamuƙi. Jiki mai faɗi a hankali yana taɓar hankali zuwa ƙarshen na baya, wanda akansa akwai cerci, spines, da setae.

A ina ne ƙwaro mai iyo?

Photo: Irin ƙwaro a cikin ruwa

Masu iyo suna yaduwa a duk duniya; ana samun su a Turai, Asiya, a kan babban yanki daga Sakhalin zuwa Tekun Atlantika, da arewacin Afirka. Gwargwadon ruwa ya fi son wuraren ruwa da ruwa mai kyau, inda halin yanzu kwata-kwata baya nan ko kuma yana da rauni ƙwarai. Ana samun su da yawa a cikin kududdufai tare da tsayayyen, ruwan furanni, fadama.

Irin ƙwaro yakan share lokaci mafi yawa a ƙarƙashin ruwa, amma kuma yana iya tashi - idan ya cancanta, kwari sukan yi tafiyar kilomita goma. Mafi yawanci, ana tilasta ƙwaro a irin waɗannan jiragen ta bushewar tafkin ko ƙaramin abinci. Wani lokacin ma suna iya tashi zuwa cikin kududdufai masu zaman kansu, kududdufai inda ake kiwata kayan adon da sauran kifaye.

Suna iya lalata soya gaba ɗaya da sauran rayayyun halittu a cikin tafki na wucin gadi. Zai iya zama da wahala a kore su daga inda suka fi so. A wasu halaye, cikakkar maganin cututtukan kasan ruwa da sake hayayyafa mazaunanta ne kawai zasu iya taimakawa.

Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa: Irin ƙwaro mai kama da ruwa yana da tushe sosai koda a cikin akwatin ruwa. Ana iya amfani da nama azaman abinci, wanda aka riga aka yanyanka shi kanana. Tabbatar rufe akwatin kifaye tare da murfi, saboda kwari cikin sauri zasu iya tashi. Babban yanayin shine baza'a iya shigar da ƙwaro a cikin kwantena ɗaya tare da kowane kifi ba.

Menene irin ƙwaro na ruwa yake ci?

Photo: Irin ƙwaro ruwa mai ƙwaro

Masu ninkaya masu zafin nama ne. Ba safai manya ke cin mushe ba, sun fi sha'awar rayuwa ganimar da zata tsayayya.

Babban abincin abinci na masu iyo:

  • kwari da kwarkwatarsu, katantanwa, tadpoles, kifin kifi;
  • sabo, kwadi, ƙananan kifi.

Irin ƙwaro ba su da sha'awar algae, gaba ɗaya masu cin nama ne. Idan akwai da yawa daga cikin wadannan kwari a cikin matattarar, to a cikin kankanin lokaci zasu iya lalata dukkan kifin, tare da kai hari ga soyayyen sa a cikin manyan kungiyoyi. Bewaro yana jin koda ƙaramin digo na jini a nesa na mita goma kuma nan da nan yake rugawa zuwa wannan wurin. Suna neman abinci galibi a cikin rukunin ruwa, ba safai suke zuwa ƙasa ba.

Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa: Masu ninkaya suna yawan cin abinci. Wani lokacin suna cin abinci fiye da kima wanda har basa iya hawa saman tafki. Domin rage nauyin jiki da shawagi, gwaiwar ruwa tana gyara duk abin da aka ci kwanannan, gaba daya hanjin cikin ta da mai gogewa na musamman. Lokacin da akwai algae a kusa, a hankali yakan tashi zuwa saman tafkin tare da su.

Vaunƙun daji na narkar da ƙwaro mai ƙanƙan da kaɗan daga manya a cikin dabarun farautar su. Suna iya kai hari ga babban kifi, yana da zafi sosai idan cizon ya faɗa hannun mutum. Muƙamuƙansu masu kaifi ne sosai, kamar sabers.

Fasali na ɗabi'a da salon rayuwa

Photo: Babban ƙwaro ruwa irin ƙwaro

Jikin masu ninkaya ya fi ruwa haske, kuma idan ba su wuce gona da iri ba, to a sauƙaƙe suna tashi zuwa saman. Yana buƙatar ƙoƙari sosai don sauka. A ƙasan tafkin, a saman algae, ana riƙe ƙwaro ta ƙugiya ta musamman a ƙafafun gaba.

Wadannan kwari na farauta da daddare. Idan yanayin rayuwa a cikin tafkin bai gamsar da su ba, to sun tafi neman wani gida kuma suna iya yin tafiya mai nisa. Kafin fara tafiya, babban mutum ya kwance kayan hanjinsa gaba daya sannan ya cika jakunkunan iska. Ta cire duk abubuwan da basu zama dole ba da rage nauyi, ƙwaro mai kama ruwa yana tashi. A lokacin tafiyar dare, ƙwaro da yawa suna fasawa a saman ɗakunan rufin rufi da bangon gine-gine, saboda ana kuskure su da ruwa.

Yawancin masu ninkaya suna yin hunturu ne a cikin ƙasa ko ɓuya a cikin fasa cikin bawon bishiyoyi. Wasu kwari suna bacci a lokacin kwan, wasu kuma a cikin nau'ikan larvae. Wasu manya suna cikin ruwa suna yin iyo har sai sun daskare. Lokacin da kankara ta fadi, kwarin sukan shiga cikin ramin har sai bazara.

Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa: Domin cike shagunan iskar oxygen, irin ƙwaro yana yawo akan ƙasa kuma ya fito da cikinsa sama da ruwa. Ya kamata babban ƙwaro ya gudanar da wannan aikin aƙalla sau ɗaya a kowane minti 15. Baƙon ƙwaro yana amfani da iska ba kawai don numfashi ba, har ma don sarrafa hawa da sauka.

Tsarin zamantakewa da haifuwa

Photo: Kwogin ruwa irin ƙwaro a cikin kandami

Nan da nan bayan rashin nutsuwa, ƙwarin beetles suka fara kiwo. Maza ba su kula da mata ba, sun zaɓi mutumin da ya dace da kansu kuma kawai su kai masa hari, suna kama shi tare da goshin gabansu, kuma nan da nan suka fara jima'i. Dukkan aikin yana faruwa a ƙarƙashin ruwa. A wani lokaci, mace na iya saduwa da maza da yawa kuma wasu daga cikinsu suna mutuwa saboda shaƙa saboda rashin damar sake cika ajiyar iska kuma. Maza suna a wannan lokacin sama da saman ruwa.

Bayan sun kammala aikin saduwa, matan na yin kwai a cikin algae, kafin su huda kyallen takarda tare da ovipositor. A cikin yanayi daya, mace tana yin ƙwai dubu 1 da rabi. Bayan kwanaki 10-12, tsutsa ta bayyana. Dogaro da yanayin, aikin na iya ɗaukar wata ɗaya.

Ruwa irin ƙwaro irin na ƙwaro suna girma cikin sauri. Suna iyo da kyau, suna iya shaƙar iska, kamar manya, amma saboda wannan suna fallasa ƙarshen jikin. Larvae, harma da ƙwararrun ƙwaro, suna da saurin magana, suna lalata da jinƙai. Abincinsu na farko: kifin kifi, larvae na mazari, cadan tsuntsaye, sauro.

Da farkon kaka, tsutsar ruwa ta masu ninkaya suna barin tafkunan ruwa suna rarrafe zuwa bakin tekun, inda suke gina wa kansu shimfida da shimfida daga ƙasa da tsire-tsire. A cikin irin wannan matsugunin, suna pupate. Bayan wata daya, manya sun bayyana. Da farko suna da fari da taushi kamar puppy, amma a cikin 'yan awanni kaɗan yanayinsu ya yi taushi da duhu.

Abokan gaba na kwaroyen ruwa

Photo: Yadda ƙwaro ya yi kama

Imago na ƙwaro mai ninkaya yana rayuwa tsawon shekaru 1-2. A lokacin gajeriyar rayuwarsu, wadannan halittun suna iya haifar da mummunar illa ga yanayin halittar tafki, gonakin kifi. Idan ba don abokan gaban ganduroba ba, zai yi wuya a iya sarrafa lambobinsa.

Ana iya farautar beetles na ruwa

  • manyan nau'in kifi;
  • wasu tsuntsayen, gami da dukkan kogin teku;
  • dabbobi masu shayarwa da ke rayuwa a jikin ruwa.

Dangane da haɗari, masu ninkaya suna iya haɓaka farin sirri na musamman da sauri tare da ƙamshi mai daɗi, wanda ke tsoratar da wasu ɓarnar da suka yanke shawarar cin abinci akansu. A dalilin wannan, babu wasu da yawa da suke son kai mata hari.

Waswaron kwari abokin gaba ne na ɓarnar ƙwayoyin ƙwaro. Mata na masu cutar parasites da gangan suna neman larva na ƙwaro mai ruwa ta wari na musamman kuma suna kwan ƙwai a jikinsu, wanda daga nan kuma yake ciyarwa da kuma haifar ɗan dama a cikin ƙwayoyin. Yayinda suke girma, karamin matashi ya mutu.

Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa: Atorwaro irin ƙwaro, duk da ƙananan girmansa, yana iya jimre wa abin farauta, wanda ya ninka wanda yake farautar sau uku girma. Idan mutum ɗaya bai kula da jimre wa wanda aka azabtar ba, to sauran ƙwaro suna rugawa don taimakonta - su, kamar piranhas, kawai suna buƙatar jin ƙanshin jinin a cikin layin ruwa.

Yawan jama'a da matsayin jinsin

Photo: Kwasfar ƙwaro

A cikin wasu kasashen Afirka, babban kwaro mai yawan kamuwa da ruwa yana karkashin kariya, saboda adadinsa ya ragu sosai saboda sauyin yanayin muhalli. A yankin Turai, Rasha, ana lura da akasin haka - ana sa ido kan yawan ƙwaro mai kama farauta don hana karuwar ƙaruwa mai yawa.

Masu ninkaya da yawa sun lalata soya daga kowane nau'in kifi, da sauran kwari da dabbobi masu rarrafe waɗanda suke cikin wannan tafki tare da su, wanda hakan ke dagula daidaitaccen yanayin, wanda ke haifar da babbar illa ga gonakin kifin. Haɗarin wannan ƙwaro kuma shine yana iya tashi zuwa nesa don neman sabon gida, lokacin da babu wadataccen abinci a tsohuwar wuri, don haka mamaye sabbin yankuna.

Lokacin da makiya na halitta basu isa su iya sarrafa adadin berayen da ake farautarsu ba, za a iya shigar da wasu nau'ikan kifayen a cikin tafkin kuma su cinye tsutsa na ninkayar ninkaya. A cikin mawuyacin yanayi, ana amfani da abubuwan hada sinadarai na musamman don magance ƙasan daga tsutsa, amma ana zartar da wannan ne kawai a ƙananan matattarar ruwa ta wucin gadi. Wasu lokuta ya isa kawai don samar da ƙaramin maɓuɓɓugar ruwa ko ambaliyar ruwa, wanda zai sauƙaƙe motsin ruwa, kuma ƙwaro nan da nan zasu bar masa wannan wurin mara dadi.

Etwaro ƙwaro irin ƙwaro - mafarauci. Yanayi ya samarwa da wadannan halittu duk abinda ya dace da wannan. An san su da azabtarwa da rashin tsoro, ana yawan kwatanta su da fakitin piranhas, a zahiri suna lalata komai a cikin tafarkinsu. Duk da wannan, yana da matukar ban sha'awa mu kiyaye su a mazauninsu, don bin farautarsu mai sauri.

Ranar bugawa: 03.10.2019

Ranar da aka sabunta: 11.11.2019 a 12:18

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