A gindinta zebrafish rerio shine ruwan kifin dangi. Amma a yau wannan nau'in yafi girma a cikin yanayin wucin gadi. Wannan sanannen kifi ne tsakanin masu ilimin ruwa kuma sabili da haka yana da mahimmanci a sami nassoshi a cikin wannan fassarar. Kodayake wannan kifi ne mai ban sha'awa don kulawa, har yanzu ya kamata ku mai da hankali kan ƙa'idodin ƙa'idodin kula da shi.
Asalin jinsin da bayanin
Hotuna: Danio
An fara bayyana zebrafish ne a cikin 1822. Amma a cikin Rasha, masoyan akwatin kifaye sun gan ta kawai a cikin 1905. Amma sun kasa yin nau'in. An sake shigar da shi cikin yankin USSR kawai a cikin 1950. A yau, akwai nau'ikan rabe-rabe da yawa daban-daban. Wannan shi ne farko saboda maye gurbi a cikin kifi. Wannan yana bayyana a cikin sifofin su na waje da canjin launi.
Bidiyo: Danio
A yau, al'ada ce don rarrabe irin waɗannan ƙananan raƙuman kifin na zebrafish:
- rerio. Mafi yawan kifin akwatin kifaye, wanda ratsi mai raɗaɗi da rawaya ke canza launi;
- damisa. Wasu suna kokarin keɓance wannan kifi mai tsawon santimita 5 a matsayin wasu keɓaɓɓun ƙungiyoyi. A zahiri, wannan sakamako ne na zaɓaɓɓe kuma irin waɗannan nau'o'in ba su wanzu a cikin yanayi;
- ceri. Raƙuman raƙuman inuwa mai duhu akan bangon ceri sune fasali na musamman na wakilin wannan nau'in;
- lu'u-lu'u. Sau da yawa yakan zauna tsakanin kifaye masu launi daban-daban. An rarrabe kifin zebrafish na wannan ƙananan ta inuwarta mai haske, wacce a hankali ta zama shuɗi mai haske a wutsiyar jiki;
- chopra. Ofayan ƙaramin zebrafish - bai fi 3 cm ba, lemu mai haske tare da jan launi.
An shigo da shi daga Asiya, waɗannan kifin sun sami tushe a ƙasashe daban-daban na duniya. Af, a kan asalin kiwo da keɓaɓɓiyar kiwo, yawan ƙananan hukumomi koyaushe na ƙaruwa.
Bayyanar abubuwa da fasali
Hoto: Yaya zebrafish yake
An rarrabe Danio ta bayyanar su mai kyau da kuma ƙarami. Saboda launi mai haske da kowane irin inuwa ne yasa kifin yake matukar sha'awar masu ruwa da ruwa. Godiya ga gicciyen kiwo, ya yiwu a sami ɗimbin nau'ikan tabarau masu banƙyama waɗanda ba su daina mamakin abin. A cikin akwatin kifaye, girman kifin yana da cm 3-5, yayin da a yanayi ya kai 5-7 cm Jikin kifin yana da tsayi, kunkuntar, kai yana da bayyana sosai, hanci yana ɗan juyawa.
Babban fasalin wannan nau'in kifin shine kasancewar ratsi mai tsayi a ko'ina cikin jiki - suna yin kyalkyali cikin haske mai haske. Launin sikeli da inuwar ratsi kai tsaye sun dogara da waɗancan raƙuman da zebrafish yake. Kifin mata ya fi girma kuma yana da zagaye na ciki. Wadannan bambance-bambance ana lura dasu ne kawai a cikin manya - matasa ba sa bambanta da juna a zahiri. Caudal fin ba ma bifurcated ba. A wasu wakilan jinsunan, jiki a bayyane yake, Sikeli yana da wani yanki wanda ya banbanta jinsin da juna.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa: A ƙarƙashin yanayin yanayi, zebrafish ya fi girma. A cikin akwatin kifaye, koda tare da cikakkiyar kiyaye yanayin zafin jiki da sauran yanayi, sun yi ƙasa da ƙasa. Misali, a yanayi, kifi na iya kaiwa 7-8 cm tsayi.
A ina ne zebrafish yake rayuwa?
Hotuna: zebrafish
Indiya, Pakistan, Nepal, Bangladesh, Bhutan - waɗannan su ne yankuna inda kyawawan kifin zebraf ke zaune a cikin rafuka da koguna. Yammacin Indiya shine asalin asalin wannan kifin mai ban mamaki. Hakanan, ana kiran wasu yankuna na Bhutan a matsayin mahaifar zebrafish. Damisa Danio ya zo gare mu ba kawai daga Indiya ba, har ma daga Sumatra. Kifin ya fi son zama musamman cikin ruwan dumi. Wannan daidai saboda wurin asalin. Babu yanayin sanyi da canje-canje masu ƙarfi a cikin zafin ruwan.
A yau, ana samun kifin zebraf a cikin akwatunan ruwa na sirri daga masoyan kifi a duk duniya. Wannan kifi ne mai araha kuma mara daɗi, wanda shine dalilin da yasa zebrafish ya shahara musamman. Kuna iya ajiye shi a yanayin zafi ɗaya kamar yawanci takobi ko guppies. A dabi'a, kifin zebraf yana rayuwa ne a cikin koguna da cikin tafkuna da magudanan ruwa. Kifin musamman yana son yankuna masu saurin gudu.
Hakanan lokacin zai iya samun tasiri na musamman akan mazaunin zebrafish. Misali, a lokacin damina, ana samun wannan kifin koda cikin kududdufai a gonakin shinkafa, galibi ana samun ambaliyar ruwa a lokacin. A can kifayen ke zuwa fage, kuma su ma suna ciyar da abinci sosai. Af, a wannan lokacin ne zebrafish na iya ciyar da tsaba, zooplankton, kodayake a lokuta na yau da kullun sun fi son abincin dabbobi.
Bayan lokacin damina ya ƙare, zebrafish ya koma wurin da ya saba - koguna da sauran manyan ruwa. Zebrafish yana zaune kusa da saman tafkin kuma a tsakiyar kaurin ruwa. Ba sa zuwa ƙasa. Idan wani abu ya firgita kifin ko kuma yana farauta sosai, zai iya tsalle daga cikin ruwa, amma ba mai tsayi ba.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa: Danio yana tafiya tare cikin yanayi na ɗabi'a da na wucin gadi tare da kowane nau'in kifin mai son zaman lafiya (kifi, sikeli, ƙarami, tsire). Babban abin shine adana akalla kifi 5 a cikin akwatin kifaye. Kar ka manta cewa an saba da kifin zebraf a cikin garken kuma saboda haka za su kasance cikin gundura shi kadai. Af, dangane da sarari, sam ba sa buƙata. Koda karamin akwatin kifaye na wannan kifin zai isa sosai, duk da motsi.
Menene kifin zebrafish yake ci?
Hotuna: zebrafish mata
Ga kowane mai rai, abinci mai gina jiki yana da mahimmanci. Dole ne ya zama cikakke kuma daidaitacce. Pisces ba banda bane. Kodayake zebrafish bashi da ma'ana sosai kamar kifin akwatin kifaye kuma mai farawa zai iya sarrafa shi a sauƙaƙe, har yanzu yana da mahimmanci don tabbatar da cewa sun sami isassun abubuwa na abubuwa da bitamin. Hanya mafi sauki don aiwatar da wannan ita ce zaɓar ingantaccen abinci mai bushe. Amma baya sakaci ginawa da rayuwa.
Hakanan baya da wuya a same shi a cikin shagunan dabbobi na yau da kullun. Kodayake kifin zebraf na iya rayuwa ba tare da matsala ba a kan busasshen abinci duk tsawon rayuwarsa, a wannan yanayin kifin yana girma sosai a hankali, yana rayuwa ƙasa da ƙasa. Dalilin shine raguwar rigakafi kuma, sakamakon haka, mai saukin kamuwa da cututtuka daban-daban. Ya kamata a tuna cewa zebrafish ba ƙasan kifi bane, saboda haka suna iya cin abinci ne kawai daga saman ruwa ko daga kaurinsa. A saboda wannan dalili, bai kamata ku ba kifin abinci da yawa ba - idan ya nitse zuwa ƙasan, zebrafish ba zai ci shi ba.
A karkashin yanayin yanayi, zebrafish yana ciyar da kananan kwayoyin halittu. Duk wannan ana iya samun saukinsa a cikin shaguna don farantawa kifin rai. A karkashin yanayin yanayi, kifin ya sami duk wannan a cikin ruwa ko ya tara shi daga farfajiyar. Af, kifin yana aiki sosai - yana iya tsalle daga ruwa ya kama kwari masu tashi. Lura ga masu ilimin ruwa: A saboda wannan dalili, mafi kyawun rufin ruwa. Zebrafish kwata-kwata ba ruwansu da shuka abinci, don haka ba za su ci algae ba. Abinda kawai dabi'a ke son cin zebrafish shine tsaba iri wacce take yawan fadawa cikin ruwa.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa: Danio yana da saukin kamuwa da kiba saboda haka a kalla sau daya a sati suna bukatar ranar azumi. Dalilin shi ne cewa koda a cikin manyan akwatunan ruwa, ba za su iya gudanar da rayuwa irin ta yanayi ba.
Yanzu kun san abin da za a ciyar da kifin zebrafish. Bari muga yadda suke rayuwa a cikin daji.
Fasali na ɗabi'a da salon rayuwa
Hotuna: Danio rerio
Danio mai fara'a ne, mai kifi mai aiki. Suna cikin motsi koyaushe. A cikin akwatin kifaye, komai ƙanƙantar sa, suna ci gaba da wasa da junan su. A cikin yanayi na ɗabi'a, sun gwammace su tattara cikin manyan ƙungiyoyi (aƙalla kifaye 10 koyaushe suna tare da juna). Yayin wasan, maza suna kama juna a koyaushe.
Ba za a iya rarraba Danio a matsayin kifi mai farauta ba. Ba kasafai suke kai hari ga sauran wakilan duniyar ruwa ba, koda lokacin da suke tafiya cikin manyan rukuni. A hanyar, wakilan wannan nau'in suna rayuwa ne kawai a cikin manyan ƙungiyoyi. Kadai, basu taba motsawa ba, kasa ma kokarin farauta. Basu da kariya kwata-kwata sabili da haka suna da haɗarin haɗari na waje. Makaminsu kawai shine saurin saurin motsi.
Kifin yana aiki sosai kuma yana da fara'a. Wannan shine dalilin da yasa masanan ruwa suke kaunarsu. Kallon wasannin su da wasannin su abun jin dadi ne. Af, kifaye basa tashin hankali kawai ga mutane da sauran wakilan duniyar ruwa. Tsakanin kansu, wani lokacin ma suna iya yin gwagwarmaya sosai. Kowane garken yana da matsayi mai kyau. Yana samun tallafi daga “shugabanninta” tare da irin wannan salon na zalunci mafi rinjaye, wanda har cizo zai iya tallafawa shi. A hanyar, ana iya gano matsayin matsayi daban tsakanin maza da mata.
Tsawon rayuwar kifi ba shi da tsayi sosai: a dabi'a yawanci bai wuce shekara 1 ba. A cikin akwatin kifaye, a ƙarƙashin kowane yanayi, shekarun na iya kaiwa shekaru 3. Matsakaicin shekarun kifin akwatin kifaye wanda aka yi rikodin shi shekaru 5.5. Abin sha'awa, idan aka kiyaye shi kaɗai, rayuwar Danio ta ragu sosai, saboda kifin yana cikin damuwa.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa: A cikin akwatin ruwa, kifin zebra ya fi son zama kusa da matatar, inda akwai kwararar ruwa mai ƙarfi musamman. Dalilin yana da sauki: a cikin yanayin yanayi, kifin zebra yana rayuwa a cikin rafuka masu gudana da sauri, saboda haka ana amfani dasu ne kawai da yanayin da yake ciki.
Tsarin zamantakewa da haifuwa
Hotuna: Akwatin kifin zebrafish
Zebrafish ya balaga a cikin watanni 5-7. Don haka kifayen na iya zama da kyau. Saboda rashin tsawon rayuwa, zebrafish ba zai rasa lokacin ɓata lokaci ba. Af, a cikin yanayi yana iya haɓaka kowace mako kusan. Afrilu-Agusta shine lokacin damina. A wannan lokacin, zebrafish na iya haihuwar kusan kowace rana.
Ba su ba da kulawa ta musamman ga zuriyar. Idan sauran nau'ikan kifin zasu iya yin ƙaura don yin ƙwai (misali, salmonids), bayan haka, tare da soya, sun koma mazauninsu, to ba haka lamarin yake ba. zebrafish baya tafiya wata hanya mai tsayi musamman don kwai ƙwai. Duk abin yana faruwa sau da yawa, sauƙi da sauri.
Toya, bayan ya kyankyashe, nan da nan ya tashi don yin iyo kyauta. Ba a ba da kowane irin abin haɗin zuriyar waɗannan kifin ba. Mace tana yin ƙwai a cikin wani ɓoyi ko ƙasa mai laka, bayan haka sai takin maza ya kasance. Af, zebrafish ya dace don ƙetarewa. Abin da ya sa ke nan ake amfani da wannan jinsin wajen aiwatar da binciken amfrayo. A cikin lokaci 1 kawai, mace tana yin kwayaye 50 zuwa 400. Ba su da launi, kusan 1 mm a diamita. Malek ƙyanƙyashe kusan 3 mm a tsayi.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa: Lokacin da aka fara haifan soyayyen kifin zebrafish, duk mata ne kuma da misalin makonni 5-7 ne suke bambancewa da jima'i. A hanyar, yana da ban sha'awa cewa yawa da ingancin abinci kai tsaye yana shafar rabuwar jima'i na gaba. Waɗannan kifayen da ba su da ƙarfi sosai, a nan gaba, galibi suna zama maza.
A cikin akwatin ruwa yana da mahimmanci don tabbatar da cewa an ajiye ƙwai a ƙarƙashin yanayi na musamman har sai an haifi soya. Don yin wannan, dole ne mace ta fara ƙirƙirar isasshen sarari don haihuwa. A matsayinka na mai mulki, an zuba yashi a ƙasa don wannan.
Gaskiya mai ban sha'awa: Nan da nan bayan mace ta yi kwai, zai fi kyau a dasa ta a karkashin yanayin wucin gadi. Ana ciyar da soya tare da abinci mai rai.
Abokan gaba na zebrafish
Hoto: Yaya zebrafish yake
Babban maƙiyan zebrafish a cikin yanayi koyaushe sun kasance kifi mai cin nama. A shirye suke koyaushe don cin abinci akan waɗannan kifin. Tun da zebrafish ba su da yawa a girma, ana haɗiye su sau da yawa lokaci ɗaya. Hakan yana sauƙaƙa shi saboda halayensu na tarawa cikin garken tumaki, da kuma launi mai haske - kusan mawuyaci ne kada a lura da zebrafish a cikin layin ruwa. Iyakar fata shine don saurin motsi. Sau da yawa suna gudanar da sauƙin ficewa daga ƙasan hancin makiya.
Daga cikin mafiya hadari ga wannan nau'in kifin kifin shine: perch, catfish (musamman a cikin yanayi. A cikin akwatin kifaye tare da kifin kifi, kifin zebraf yana da kyau), kan maciji. Daga cikin waɗannan kifayen, nau'ikan da ke cikin ruwa mai haɗari ne ga kifin zebraf - kawai ba sa cakuduwa da wasu. Baya ga kifaye masu farauta, akwai kuma abokan tsuntsaye a yanayi don zebrafish. Muna magana ne game da heron da kifi. Tunda kifin yana son shiga cikin ruwa mara ƙanƙanci ko ma ya zauna a kududdufi a cikin filayen, tsuntsaye da yawa suna iya cin abincinsu cikin sauƙi.
Maza ma suna yin barazana ga zebrafish, amma kawai a cikin kamun kifi don manufar kiwo mai zuwa. A cikin akwatinan ruwa ko na tafki, zasu iya rayuwa daidai idan ba a saka kifin masu farautar su ba. In ba haka ba, babu wata takamaiman barazanar da ake yi musu. Dangane da yanayin kansu, kawai sauyin canjin yanayi na iya zama haɗari. Ruwan sanyi bashi da karɓaɓɓen kifin zebraf.
Yawan jama'a da matsayin jinsin
Hotuna: zebrafish
Yana da matukar wahala a kimanta ainihin adadin zebrafish saboda gaskiyar hakan:
- adadi mai yawa na kifi ana tsare da su. Yana da matukar wahalar kirga koda kusan adadin su;
- kifin zebra ya zama ruwan dare a cikin ruwa da yawa na duniya, don haka ba zai yuwu a faɗi inda kuma nawa daga cikinsu zasu iya rayuwa ba;
- kifin na iya ɓoyewa koda a cikin ƙananan ruwa ne, waɗanda yawanci ba a la'akari da su yayin aikin bincike.
A matsakaita, ana ɗaukar yawancin zebrafish ba su da yawa. Wannan kifin bashi da ma'ana kawai idan aka kwatanta shi da sauran nau'in akwatin kifaye. Amma idan muka yi magana game da yanayin rayuwa, to duk abin ya fi rikitarwa a nan - jinsunan ba za su iya rayuwa a waɗancan yankuna ba inda ake sanyaya ruwa zuwa yanayin zafi. Wannan shine dalilin da yasa yanayin yanayin rabe-raben halittu ya wuce iyaka.
Wasu sun gaskata cewa zebrafish yana da rauni sosai saboda haka ya kamata a kiyaye shi sosai. A gaskiya, wannan ba haka bane. Ba za a iya kiran nau'in mai haɗari ba. Kodayake a cikin yanayin yanayi akwai isassun barazanar zebrafish, gabaɗaya, yawan kifayen ana tallafawa ta hanyar kiwonsu cikin yanayin wucin gadi. Daga cikin masu ilimin ruwa, kifin zebraf ya shahara musamman saboda ƙarancin buƙatun kulawa da kuma saboda ƙimar kuɗin kifin kanta. Wannan shine dalilin da ya sa ake kiwonta fiye da ƙwazo. Kuma ba wuya a jira zuriyar. Wannan shine dalilin da yasa, koda tare da raguwar yawan mutane a cikin yanayin yanayi, ba za'a iya kiran jinsin wanda yake buƙatar kariya ba.
Iyakar abin da aka keɓance shi ne tsarkakakkun jinsunan kifi. Dalilin shine tsallakawa masu aiki da gwaje-gwaje. Dangane da wannan asalin, akwai nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan tallafi daban-daban. Wannan shine dalilin da ya sa yana da mahimmanci a yi aiki don kiyaye kallon kanta a cikin asalin sa. Kwanan nan, kifin mai aiki mai ban sha'awa zebrafish rerio Maimakon haka, ana kallo daga mahangar akwatin kifaye. Kodayake har yanzu yana ci gaba da rayuwa a cikin yanayin yanayi, har yanzu ana ganinsa a matsayin ado. Duk wannan yana da nasaba da yanayin bayyanar da kyakkyawar buƙata ga yanayin tsarewar.
Ranar bugawa: 08/12/2019
Ranar da aka sabunta: 14.08.2019 a 22:17
